城市生活垃圾与园林废物的热解实验
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摘要
以城市生活垃圾与园林废弃的松木和柏木作为实验原料,采用实验室固定床反应器进行共热解实验研究,考察了松木、柏木添加对生活垃圾热解失重率、热解产物产率的影响,利用GC-MS、FT-IR分析热解油成分。实验结果表明:生活垃圾和松木(4∶1)、柏木(3∶2)共热解时热解油产率分别增加了6. 6,4. 7百分点,热解油的热值分别提高10. 31,8. 01 MJ/kg;混合物在热解过程中出现明显的协同作用,共热解最大失重率比生活垃圾单独热解分别增加了11,8百分点;热解动力学分析表明,共热解反应的表观活化能较单独热解时分别降低了3. 85,6. 10 k J/mol;热解油的GC-MS及FT-IR分析表明,共热解降低了醇类、羧酸类、脂肪烃类等含氧有机物含量,提高了热解油的热值,使热解油品质得到有效改善。
The co-pyrolysis of municipal solid waste( MSW) with abandoned pine and cypress was studied in a fixed bed reactor in the laboratory. The effects of pine and cypress addition on the pyrolysis weight loss rate and pyrolysis product yield of MSW were investigated. The pyrolysis oil composition was analyzed by GC-MS and FT-IR. The experimental results showed that oil yields of MSW with pine( 4 ∶ 1) and cypress( 3 ∶ 2) increased by 6. 6 and 4. 7 percentage points,respectively. The calorific value of pyrolysis oil increased by 10. 31 MJ/kg and 8. 01 MJ/kg. There was obvious synergism in the pyrolysis of the mixture. The maximum weight loss rate of co-pyrolysis increased by 11 and 8 percentage points,compared with that of MSW pyrolysis alone. The kinetic analysis of pyrolysis showed that the apparent activation energy of the co-pyrolysis reaction decreased by 3. 85 k J/mol and 6. 10 k J/mol respectively,compared with that of MSW pyrolysis alone. GC-MS and FT-IR analysis of pyrolytic oil showed that co-pyrolysis reduced the content of oxygen-containing organic compounds such as alcohols,carboxylic acids and fatty hydrocarbons,increased the calorific value of pyrolytic oil,and improved the quality of pyrolytic oil effectively.
The co-pyrolysis of municipal solid waste( MSW) with abandoned pine and cypress was studied in a fixed bed reactor in the laboratory. The effects of pine and cypress addition on the pyrolysis weight loss rate and pyrolysis product yield of MSW were investigated. The pyrolysis oil composition was analyzed by GC-MS and FT-IR. The experimental results showed that oil yields of MSW with pine( 4 ∶ 1) and cypress( 3 ∶ 2) increased by 6. 6 and 4. 7 percentage points,respectively. The calorific value of pyrolysis oil increased by 10. 31 MJ/kg and 8. 01 MJ/kg. There was obvious synergism in the pyrolysis of the mixture. The maximum weight loss rate of co-pyrolysis increased by 11 and 8 percentage points,compared with that of MSW pyrolysis alone. The kinetic analysis of pyrolysis showed that the apparent activation energy of the co-pyrolysis reaction decreased by 3. 85 k J/mol and 6. 10 k J/mol respectively,compared with that of MSW pyrolysis alone. GC-MS and FT-IR analysis of pyrolytic oil showed that co-pyrolysis reduced the content of oxygen-containing organic compounds such as alcohols,carboxylic acids and fatty hydrocarbons,increased the calorific value of pyrolytic oil,and improved the quality of pyrolytic oil effectively.
引文
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[17]武景丽,陈天举,罗希韬,等.典型城市固体废弃物热解动力学机理研究[J].燃料化学学报.2014,42(1):43-47.
[18]宋强,杨晓菡,赵洪宇,等.生活垃圾与柳树枝共热解研究[J].可再生能源,2017,35(6):818-823.
[19]赵洪宇,李玉环,宋强,等.外加铁矿石对哈密低阶煤热解特性影响[J].燃料化学学报,2016,44(2):154-161.
[20] Zhao H Y,Li Y H,Song Q,et al. Effects of iron ores on the pyrolysis characteristics of a low-rank bituminous coal[J]. Energy&Fuels,2016,30(5).
[21]刘志超,仲兆平,丁宽,等.松木屑催化热解及热解油分析[J].燃烧科学与技术,2014(1):91-94.
[22]张蒙蒙,宋强,宋丽华,等.城市生活垃圾与松木屑共热解实验研究[J].环境工程,2018,36(4):137-141.
[23]张尚毅,刘国涛,唐利兰,等.温度对城市有机垃圾热解焦油成分的影响[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(3):827-832.
[24]李帅丹,陈雪莉,刘爱彬,等.固定床中纤维素热解及其焦油裂解机理研究[J].燃料化学学报,2014,42(4):414-419.
[25] Liu J H,Hu H Q,Jin L J,et al. Integrated coal pyrolysis with CO2reforming of methane over Ni/Mg O catalyst for improving taryield[J]. Fuel Processing Technology,2010,91(4):419-423.
[26]徐俊明,蒋剑春,孙云娟,等.介孔分子筛反应精馏催化改性生物质裂解油[J].燃料化学学报,2008,36(4):421-425.
[27]贾晋炜,刘璐,鲁明元,等.生活垃圾热解产物中含氧物质的分布规律[J].环境工程,2016,34(10):108-112.
[28]顾洁,刘斌,张齐生,等.油茶壳热解的TG-FT-IR分析及动力学研究[J].生物质化学工程,2015,49(4):7-13.
[2]李春芸.北京市城区生活垃圾理化特性调查研究[D].北京:北京工业大学,2015.
[3] Souza-Santos M L D,Ceribeli K. Technical evaluation of a power generation process consuming municipal solid waste[J]. Fuel,2013,108(11):578-585.
[4]袁浩然,鲁涛,熊祖鸿,等.城市生活垃圾热解气化技术研究进展[J].化工进展,2012,31(2):421-427.
[5] Asadieraghi M,Mohd A W D W. Characterization of lignocellulosic biomass thermal degradation and physiochemical structure:effects of demineralization by diverse acid solutions[J]. Energy Conversion&Management,2014,82(6):71-82.
[6] Ates F,Miskolczi N,Borsodi N. Comparision of real waste(MSW and MPW)pyrolysis in batch reactor over different catalysts. Part I:product yields,gas and pyrolysis oil properties[J]. Bioresource Technology,2013,133(2):443-454.
[7]李士达,贾晋炜,舒新前.煤矸石复合型添加剂对城市生活垃圾热解的影响[J].环境工程,2014,32(9):125-129.
[8]贾晋炜.生活垃圾和农林秸秆共热解及液体产物分离研究[D].北京:中国矿业大学,2013.
[9]刘璐,贾晋炜,杨凤生,等.生活垃圾与木薯茎共热解制油试验研究[J].环境科学与技术,2014(12):187-192.
[10] Ren Q,Zhao C,Wu X,et al. TG-FTIR study on co-pyrolysis of municipal solid waste with biomass[J]. Bioresource Technology,2009,100(17):4054-4057.
[11] Zhang B,Zhong Z,Min M,et al. Catalytic fast co-pyrolysis of biomass and food waste to produce aromatics:analytical Py-GC/MS study[J]. Bioresource Technology,2015,189:30.
[12]任善普,宋强,张蒙蒙,等.城市生活垃圾热解焦对热解焦油的影响[J].可再生能源,2016,34(8):1233-1238.
[13] Debiagi P E A,Gentile G,Pelucchi M,et al. Detailed kinetic mechanism of gas-phase reactions of volatiles released from biomass pyrolysis[J]. Biomass&Bioenergy,2016,93:60-71.
[14]尹艳山,王泽忠,田红,等.木质纤维类生活垃圾热解过程矿物质和碳结构的演化规律[J].燃料化学学报,2015,43(2):160-166.
[15] Leijenhorst E J,Wolters W,Beld L V D,et al. Inorganic element transfer from biomass to fast pyrolysis oil:review and experiments[J]. Fuel Processing Technology,2016,149(29):96-111.
[16]陈义胜,李姝姝,庞赟佶,等.几种典型城市生活垃圾的热解特性和动力学分析[J].科学技术与工程,2015,15(35):179-184.
[17]武景丽,陈天举,罗希韬,等.典型城市固体废弃物热解动力学机理研究[J].燃料化学学报.2014,42(1):43-47.
[18]宋强,杨晓菡,赵洪宇,等.生活垃圾与柳树枝共热解研究[J].可再生能源,2017,35(6):818-823.
[19]赵洪宇,李玉环,宋强,等.外加铁矿石对哈密低阶煤热解特性影响[J].燃料化学学报,2016,44(2):154-161.
[20] Zhao H Y,Li Y H,Song Q,et al. Effects of iron ores on the pyrolysis characteristics of a low-rank bituminous coal[J]. Energy&Fuels,2016,30(5).
[21]刘志超,仲兆平,丁宽,等.松木屑催化热解及热解油分析[J].燃烧科学与技术,2014(1):91-94.
[22]张蒙蒙,宋强,宋丽华,等.城市生活垃圾与松木屑共热解实验研究[J].环境工程,2018,36(4):137-141.
[23]张尚毅,刘国涛,唐利兰,等.温度对城市有机垃圾热解焦油成分的影响[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(3):827-832.
[24]李帅丹,陈雪莉,刘爱彬,等.固定床中纤维素热解及其焦油裂解机理研究[J].燃料化学学报,2014,42(4):414-419.
[25] Liu J H,Hu H Q,Jin L J,et al. Integrated coal pyrolysis with CO2reforming of methane over Ni/Mg O catalyst for improving taryield[J]. Fuel Processing Technology,2010,91(4):419-423.
[26]徐俊明,蒋剑春,孙云娟,等.介孔分子筛反应精馏催化改性生物质裂解油[J].燃料化学学报,2008,36(4):421-425.
[27]贾晋炜,刘璐,鲁明元,等.生活垃圾热解产物中含氧物质的分布规律[J].环境工程,2016,34(10):108-112.
[28]顾洁,刘斌,张齐生,等.油茶壳热解的TG-FT-IR分析及动力学研究[J].生物质化学工程,2015,49(4):7-13.