水下重力测量技术进展
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摘要
首先介绍了水下重力测量的概念,阐述了水下重力测量的必要性;然后简要概述了水下重力测量技术的发展历程,比较了现有的两种主流测量方案(ROV水下重力测量和AUV水下重力测量)的优缺点,重点介绍了国内外水下重力测量近期的技术进展,包括加州大学基于二级拖体ROV的水下近海底重力测量试验和东京大学的AUV水下动态重力测量系列试验;最后分析了水下动态重力测量的研究重点并指出了其后续发展方向。
This paper introduces the concept of underwater gravity measurement at first,and then analyzes the necessity of underwater gravity measurement.It briefly illustrates its whole development history in the second part,in which the advantages and disadvantages of two mainstream schemes,including underwater gravity measurement based on ROV and underwater gravity measurement based on AUV,are discussed.In the third part,we introduce the latest development at home and abroad,typically including the near-bottom gravimetry based on a cas-cade connected ROV named TOWDOG,from University of California,and a series of underwater gravimetry using AUV,from the University of Tokyo.At last,it presents the research emphases and the near future development of this field in China.
This paper introduces the concept of underwater gravity measurement at first,and then analyzes the necessity of underwater gravity measurement.It briefly illustrates its whole development history in the second part,in which the advantages and disadvantages of two mainstream schemes,including underwater gravity measurement based on ROV and underwater gravity measurement based on AUV,are discussed.In the third part,we introduce the latest development at home and abroad,typically including the near-bottom gravimetry based on a cas-cade connected ROV named TOWDOG,from University of California,and a series of underwater gravimetry using AUV,from the University of Tokyo.At last,it presents the research emphases and the near future development of this field in China.
引文
[1]熊盛青,周锡华,郭志宏,等.航空重力勘探理论方法及应用[M].北京:地质出版社,2010.
[2]黄谟涛,翟国君,管铮,等.海洋重力场测定及其应用[M].北京:测绘出版社,2005.
[3]胡平华,赵明,黄鹤,等.航空/海洋重力测量仪器发展综述[J].导航定位与授时,2017,4(4):10-19.
[4]蔡劭琨.航空重力矢量测量及误差分离方法研究[D].长沙:国防科学技术大学,2014:1.
[5]ZUMBERGE M A,RIDGWAY J R,HILDEBRAND J A.A towed marine gravity meter for near-bottom surveys[J].Geophysics,1997,62(5):1386-1393.
[6]RIDGWAY J R,ZUMBERGE M A.Deep-towed gravity surveys in the southern California continental borderland[J].Geophysics,2002,67(3):777-787.
[7]琼斯.海洋地球物理[M].金翔龙,译.北京:海洋出版社,2009.
[8]COCHRAN J R,FORNARI D J,COAKLEY B J,et al.Continuous near-bottom gravity measurements made with a BGM-3 gravimeter in DSV Alvin on the East Pacific rise crest near 9°31'N and 9°50'N[J].Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth,1999,104(B5):10841-10861.
[9]黄谟涛,翟国君,欧阳永忠,等.海洋磁场重力场信息军事应用研究现状与展望[J].海洋测绘,2011,31(1):71-76.
[10]张开东.基于SINS/DGPS的航空重力测量方法研究[D].长沙:国防科学技术大学,2014.
[11]宁津生,黄谟涛,欧阳永忠,等.海空重力测量技术进展[J].海洋测绘,2014,34(3):67-72.
[12]刘敏,黄谟涛,欧阳永忠,等.海空重力测量及应用技术研究进展与展望(二):传感器与测量规划设计技术[J].海洋测绘,2017,37(3):1-11.
[13]PEPPER T B.The gulf underwater gravimeter[J].Geophysics,1941,6(1):34-44.
[14]FROWE E W.A diving bell for underwater gravimeter operation[J].Geophysics,1947,12(1):1-2.
[15]GOODACRE A K.A shipborne gravimeter testing range near Halifax,Nova Scotia[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1964,69(24):5373-5381.
[16]BEYER L A,VON HUENE R E,MCCULLOH T H,et al.Measuring gravity on the sea floor in deep water[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1966,71(8):2091-2100.
[17]LACOSTE L J B.Measurement of gravity at sea and in the air[J].Reviews of Geophysics,1967,5(4):477-526.
[18]KINSEY J C,TIVEY M A,YOERGER D R.Toward highspatial resolution gravity surveying of the mid-ocean ridges with autonomous underwater vehicles[C]∥Proceedings of IEEE.[S.l.]:MTS Oceans Conference,2008:1-10.
[19]KINSEY J C,TIVEY M A,YOERGER D R.Dynamics and navigation of autonomous underwater vehicles for submarine gravity surveying[J].Geophysics,2013,78(3):55-68.
[20]SASAGAWA G S,CRAWFORD W,EIKEN O,et al.Anew sea-floor gravimeter[J].Geophysics,2003,68(2):544-553.
[21]YANG Y,YAO H Q,DENG X G.Application of gravity and magnetic methods in exploration of seafloor hydrothermal sulfide[J].Journal of Central South University,2011,42(S2):127-134.
[22]YOERGER D R,COCHRAN J R,FORNARI D J,et al.Near-bottom,underway gravity survey of the small overlapping spreading center at 9°37'N on the East Pacific Rise crest[C]∥Eos Trans AGU Fall Meet.[S.l.]:[s.n.],2000.
[23]FUJIMOTO H,KOIZUMI K,WATANABE M,et al.Underwater gravimeter on board the R-one robot[C]∥International Symposium on Underwater Technology.[S.l.]:IEEE,2000:297-300.
[24]FUJIMOTO H,KANAZAWA T,SHINOHARA M,et al.Development of a hybrid gravimeter system onboard an underwater vehicle[C]∥Underwater Technology.[S.l.]:IEEE,2011:1-3.
[25]SHINOHARA M,YAMADA T,KANAZAWA T,et al.Development of an underwater gravimeter and the first observation by using autonomous underwater vehicle[C]∥Proceedings of Underwater Technology Symposium.[S.l.]:IEEE,2013:1-6.
[26]SHINOHARA M,YAMADA T,ISHIHARA T,et al.Development of an underwater gravity measurement system using autonomous underwater vehicle for exploration of seafloor deposits[C]∥Oceans.[S.l.]:IEEE,2015:1-7.
[27]Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology.YOKOSUKA cruise report YK 12-14[R].MASANAOSHINOHARA:JAMSTEC,2012.
[28]Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology.YOKOSUKA cruise report YK 13-13[R].MASANAOSHINOHARA:JAMSTEC,2013.
[29]Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology.YOKOSUKA cruise report YK 14-14[R].MASANAOSHINOHARA:JAMSTEC,2014.
[30]许厚泽,王谦身,陈益惠.中国重力测量与研究的进展[J].地球物理学报,1994,37(S1):339-352.
[31]范时清,沈剑平.渤海基底倒形结构形成机制[J].海洋地质研究,1981,1(1):29-36.
[32]罗壮伟,刘文锦.海底高精度重力测量系统及方法技术研究和应用[J].海洋技术,1995,14(1):38-51.
[33]卢景奇.提高浅海重力测量观测精度的方法技术[J].物探化探计算技术,2007,29(S1):29-31.
[2]黄谟涛,翟国君,管铮,等.海洋重力场测定及其应用[M].北京:测绘出版社,2005.
[3]胡平华,赵明,黄鹤,等.航空/海洋重力测量仪器发展综述[J].导航定位与授时,2017,4(4):10-19.
[4]蔡劭琨.航空重力矢量测量及误差分离方法研究[D].长沙:国防科学技术大学,2014:1.
[5]ZUMBERGE M A,RIDGWAY J R,HILDEBRAND J A.A towed marine gravity meter for near-bottom surveys[J].Geophysics,1997,62(5):1386-1393.
[6]RIDGWAY J R,ZUMBERGE M A.Deep-towed gravity surveys in the southern California continental borderland[J].Geophysics,2002,67(3):777-787.
[7]琼斯.海洋地球物理[M].金翔龙,译.北京:海洋出版社,2009.
[8]COCHRAN J R,FORNARI D J,COAKLEY B J,et al.Continuous near-bottom gravity measurements made with a BGM-3 gravimeter in DSV Alvin on the East Pacific rise crest near 9°31'N and 9°50'N[J].Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth,1999,104(B5):10841-10861.
[9]黄谟涛,翟国君,欧阳永忠,等.海洋磁场重力场信息军事应用研究现状与展望[J].海洋测绘,2011,31(1):71-76.
[10]张开东.基于SINS/DGPS的航空重力测量方法研究[D].长沙:国防科学技术大学,2014.
[11]宁津生,黄谟涛,欧阳永忠,等.海空重力测量技术进展[J].海洋测绘,2014,34(3):67-72.
[12]刘敏,黄谟涛,欧阳永忠,等.海空重力测量及应用技术研究进展与展望(二):传感器与测量规划设计技术[J].海洋测绘,2017,37(3):1-11.
[13]PEPPER T B.The gulf underwater gravimeter[J].Geophysics,1941,6(1):34-44.
[14]FROWE E W.A diving bell for underwater gravimeter operation[J].Geophysics,1947,12(1):1-2.
[15]GOODACRE A K.A shipborne gravimeter testing range near Halifax,Nova Scotia[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1964,69(24):5373-5381.
[16]BEYER L A,VON HUENE R E,MCCULLOH T H,et al.Measuring gravity on the sea floor in deep water[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1966,71(8):2091-2100.
[17]LACOSTE L J B.Measurement of gravity at sea and in the air[J].Reviews of Geophysics,1967,5(4):477-526.
[18]KINSEY J C,TIVEY M A,YOERGER D R.Toward highspatial resolution gravity surveying of the mid-ocean ridges with autonomous underwater vehicles[C]∥Proceedings of IEEE.[S.l.]:MTS Oceans Conference,2008:1-10.
[19]KINSEY J C,TIVEY M A,YOERGER D R.Dynamics and navigation of autonomous underwater vehicles for submarine gravity surveying[J].Geophysics,2013,78(3):55-68.
[20]SASAGAWA G S,CRAWFORD W,EIKEN O,et al.Anew sea-floor gravimeter[J].Geophysics,2003,68(2):544-553.
[21]YANG Y,YAO H Q,DENG X G.Application of gravity and magnetic methods in exploration of seafloor hydrothermal sulfide[J].Journal of Central South University,2011,42(S2):127-134.
[22]YOERGER D R,COCHRAN J R,FORNARI D J,et al.Near-bottom,underway gravity survey of the small overlapping spreading center at 9°37'N on the East Pacific Rise crest[C]∥Eos Trans AGU Fall Meet.[S.l.]:[s.n.],2000.
[23]FUJIMOTO H,KOIZUMI K,WATANABE M,et al.Underwater gravimeter on board the R-one robot[C]∥International Symposium on Underwater Technology.[S.l.]:IEEE,2000:297-300.
[24]FUJIMOTO H,KANAZAWA T,SHINOHARA M,et al.Development of a hybrid gravimeter system onboard an underwater vehicle[C]∥Underwater Technology.[S.l.]:IEEE,2011:1-3.
[25]SHINOHARA M,YAMADA T,KANAZAWA T,et al.Development of an underwater gravimeter and the first observation by using autonomous underwater vehicle[C]∥Proceedings of Underwater Technology Symposium.[S.l.]:IEEE,2013:1-6.
[26]SHINOHARA M,YAMADA T,ISHIHARA T,et al.Development of an underwater gravity measurement system using autonomous underwater vehicle for exploration of seafloor deposits[C]∥Oceans.[S.l.]:IEEE,2015:1-7.
[27]Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology.YOKOSUKA cruise report YK 12-14[R].MASANAOSHINOHARA:JAMSTEC,2012.
[28]Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology.YOKOSUKA cruise report YK 13-13[R].MASANAOSHINOHARA:JAMSTEC,2013.
[29]Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology.YOKOSUKA cruise report YK 14-14[R].MASANAOSHINOHARA:JAMSTEC,2014.
[30]许厚泽,王谦身,陈益惠.中国重力测量与研究的进展[J].地球物理学报,1994,37(S1):339-352.
[31]范时清,沈剑平.渤海基底倒形结构形成机制[J].海洋地质研究,1981,1(1):29-36.
[32]罗壮伟,刘文锦.海底高精度重力测量系统及方法技术研究和应用[J].海洋技术,1995,14(1):38-51.
[33]卢景奇.提高浅海重力测量观测精度的方法技术[J].物探化探计算技术,2007,29(S1):29-31.