氨基酸水溶肥对辣椒果实氨基酸含量及品质的影响
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摘要
【目的】分析叶面喷施氨基酸水溶肥对辣椒氨基酸含量及品质的影响,为氨基酸水溶肥在茄科蔬菜上的推广应用提供参考依据。【方法】设T1(喷施0.3%KH_2PO_4)、T2(喷施氨基酸1600倍液+0.3%KH_2PO_4)、T3(喷施氨基酸800倍液+0.3%KH_2PO_4)、T4(喷施氨基酸400倍液+0.3%KH_2PO_4)、T5(喷施氨基酸200倍液+0.3%KH_2PO_4)和清水对照(CK)共6个处理,分别在辣椒的显蕾期和初花期进行叶面喷施。采收后测定辣椒果实中必需氨基酸和部分非必需氨基酸含量,同时测量各处理辣椒农艺性状、外观指标和内在品质。【结果】与CK相比,T3处理的辣椒果实中必需氨基酸和非必需氨基酸均呈上升趋势,只有酪氨酸含量与CK无显著差异(P>0.05);辣椒的株高、叶长、叶宽、单株挂果数、单果质量、纵径、横径、果形指数与CK差异显著(P<0.05,下同);辣椒的碱、总糖、维生素C和可溶性蛋白含量分别比CK增加32.21%、53.23%、33.96%和32.84%,硝酸盐含量降低37.55%。相关性分析结果表明,辣椒中必需氨基酸含量与其农艺性状、内在品质呈极显著(P<0.01,下同)或显著正相关,与硝酸盐含量呈极显著或显著负相关。【结论】在辣椒显蕾期和初花期喷施适宜浓度的氨基酸水溶肥有利于提高辣椒果实的氨基酸含量,促进辣椒植株生长和改善果实品质,尤其以喷施氨基酸800倍液+0.3%KH2PO4混合液的效果最佳。
【Objective】Effects of foliage spraying amino acid water-soluble fertilizer on amino acid content and quality of pepper were analyzed in order to provide reference for application of amino acid water soluble fertilizer in Solanaceae vegetables.【Method】T1(foliar spraying 0.3% KH_2PO_4),T2(foliar spraying amino acid water soluble fertilizer 1600 times dilution+0.3% KH_2PO_4),T3(foliar spraying amino acid water soluble fertilizer 800 times dilution+0.3% KH_2PO_4),T4(foliar spraying amino acid water soluble fertilizer 400 times dilution+0.3% KH_2PO_4),T5(foliar spraying amino acid water soluble fertilizer 200 times dilution+0.3% KH_2PO_4)and control with clear water(CK)were set,spraying was carried out in the budding period and initial flowering period of pepper. The essential and non-essential amino acids in pepper were detected,and he agronomic character,appearance index and inner quality of pepper were measured at the time of harvest.【Result】Compared with the CK,both essential and non-essential amino acids in the T3 treated peppers showed an upward trend,and only the tyrosine content did not differ significantly from the control(P>0.05). Pepper plant height,leaf length,leaf width,fruit number per plant,single fruit weight,longitudinal diameter,transverse diameter and fruit shape index of pepper were significantly different from those of the CK(P<0.05,the same below). The contents of capsaicin,total sugar,vitamin C and soluble protein increased by 32.21%,53.23%,33.96% and 32.84%,respectively,nitrate content decreased by 37.55% compared with control. Based on correlation analysis,essential amino acid content had extremely significant(P<0.01,the same below)or significant positive correlation with agronomic traits and internal quality,and it had extremely significant or significant negative correlation with nitrate content.【Conclusion】Spraying the appropriate concentration of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer in the squaring period and fruiting period of pepper is beneficial to increase the growth,fruit quality and amino acid content of pepper,and amino acid water-soluble fertilizer800 times dilution+0.3% KH_2PO_4 has the optimal effects.
【Objective】Effects of foliage spraying amino acid water-soluble fertilizer on amino acid content and quality of pepper were analyzed in order to provide reference for application of amino acid water soluble fertilizer in Solanaceae vegetables.【Method】T1(foliar spraying 0.3% KH_2PO_4),T2(foliar spraying amino acid water soluble fertilizer 1600 times dilution+0.3% KH_2PO_4),T3(foliar spraying amino acid water soluble fertilizer 800 times dilution+0.3% KH_2PO_4),T4(foliar spraying amino acid water soluble fertilizer 400 times dilution+0.3% KH_2PO_4),T5(foliar spraying amino acid water soluble fertilizer 200 times dilution+0.3% KH_2PO_4)and control with clear water(CK)were set,spraying was carried out in the budding period and initial flowering period of pepper. The essential and non-essential amino acids in pepper were detected,and he agronomic character,appearance index and inner quality of pepper were measured at the time of harvest.【Result】Compared with the CK,both essential and non-essential amino acids in the T3 treated peppers showed an upward trend,and only the tyrosine content did not differ significantly from the control(P>0.05). Pepper plant height,leaf length,leaf width,fruit number per plant,single fruit weight,longitudinal diameter,transverse diameter and fruit shape index of pepper were significantly different from those of the CK(P<0.05,the same below). The contents of capsaicin,total sugar,vitamin C and soluble protein increased by 32.21%,53.23%,33.96% and 32.84%,respectively,nitrate content decreased by 37.55% compared with control. Based on correlation analysis,essential amino acid content had extremely significant(P<0.01,the same below)or significant positive correlation with agronomic traits and internal quality,and it had extremely significant or significant negative correlation with nitrate content.【Conclusion】Spraying the appropriate concentration of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer in the squaring period and fruiting period of pepper is beneficial to increase the growth,fruit quality and amino acid content of pepper,and amino acid water-soluble fertilizer800 times dilution+0.3% KH_2PO_4 has the optimal effects.
引文
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