西北地区黄土窑洞的生存现状和保护策略
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摘要
黄土窑洞是西北地区传统民居的典型代表,是一种冬暖夏凉、绿色、环保、无污染、低能耗的建筑形式,传统窑洞建筑蕴含着丰富的历史信息和文化内涵,具有极高的文化价值和艺术价值。随着现代社会的发展,黄土窑洞建筑的生存现状不容乐观。在概括黄土窑洞的结构形式和使用功能的基础上,分析了黄土窑洞建筑衰微的原因并提出了一系列的保护策略,希望能够有效加强传统窑洞建筑及西北地区传统风俗文化、技艺的保护和传承。
Loess cave dwelling is a typical representative of traditional dwellings in the Northwest region of China,and it is a kind of architectural form which is warm in winter,cool in summer,green,environmental friendly,pollutionfree and low energy consumption. Because of the rich historical information and cultural connotation,the traditional cave dwelling buildings have very high cultural and artistic values. However,with the development of modern society,the existence of loess cave dwelling is not optimistic. The paper introduced the structural form and advantages of loess cave dwelling,and analyzed the reasons for the gradual decline of loess cave dwelling. What is more,the paper presented a series of protection strategies,which might effectively strengthen the traditional culture,protection and inheritance of traditional cave buildings and traditional customs in the Northwest China.
Loess cave dwelling is a typical representative of traditional dwellings in the Northwest region of China,and it is a kind of architectural form which is warm in winter,cool in summer,green,environmental friendly,pollutionfree and low energy consumption. Because of the rich historical information and cultural connotation,the traditional cave dwelling buildings have very high cultural and artistic values. However,with the development of modern society,the existence of loess cave dwelling is not optimistic. The paper introduced the structural form and advantages of loess cave dwelling,and analyzed the reasons for the gradual decline of loess cave dwelling. What is more,the paper presented a series of protection strategies,which might effectively strengthen the traditional culture,protection and inheritance of traditional cave buildings and traditional customs in the Northwest China.
引文
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[4]单霁翔.乡土建筑遗产保护理念与方法研究(上)[J].城市规划,2008(12):33-39,52.
[5]单霁翔.把握新农村建设机遇积极推进乡土建筑保护[J].中国文物科学研究,2008(2):1-5.
[6]曹琦,张秋楠,黄华,等.乡土建筑遗产面对的风险与保护难题[J].四川水泥,2016(2):34.
[7]李久君.赣闽地域传统乡土建筑营造技艺初探[J].住宅科技,2014,34(7):48-52.
[8]吴成基,甘枝茂,孟彩萍.陕北黄土丘陵区窑洞稳定性分析[J].陕西师范大学学报(自然科学版),2005,33(3):119-122.
[9]韩佳明,苏三庆.降雨入渗下渭北地坑黄土窑洞稳定性分析[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2012,29(3):104-110.
[10]刘永涛,李宗利.降水入渗对黄土窑洞稳定性的影响[J].人民黄河,2010,32(5):98-100.
[11]侯继尧.中国窑洞[M].郑州:河南科学技术出版社,1999.
[12]童丽萍,柳帅军.减法负荷生土地坑窑结构的非线性有限元分析[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2011,28(2):14-20.
[13]陈莉粉.黄土地区窑洞建筑中结构稳定性的研究[D].西安:西安科技大学,2012.
[14]刘艺洋.陕北窑洞民居建筑装饰艺术及其民俗文化研究[D].西安:西北大学,2014.
[15]刘瑞晓,刘源,姬栋宇.降雨渗流对靠崖窑土体结构的稳定性分析[J].水科学与工程技术,2012(2):4-6.
[16]米海珍,胡燕妮,赵占雄.重塑和加筋后马兰黄土的强度试验研究[J].建筑科学,2010,26(9):29-32.