饲粮铜水平对断奶黑山羊生长性能和血清脂类代谢的影响
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摘要
本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平的铜(以五水硫酸铜为铜源)对断奶黑山羊生长和血清脂类代谢的影响。选用48只健康、体重相近的2月龄断奶黑山羊,随机分为4个处理组,每个处理组12个重复(栏),每个重复(栏)1只羊。采用单因素随机试验设计,对照组饲喂基础饲粮(铜含量为8.84 mg/kg),试验组饲粮分别在基础饲粮中添加不同铜水平(10、20、30 mg/kg)。预试期14 d,正试期30 d。结果表明:饲粮中铜水平对断奶黑山羊的耗料增重比无显著影响(P>0.05);随着饲粮铜水平的提高,断奶黑山羊结束体重和平均日采食量呈线性增加(P<0.05),平均日增重呈二次曲线变化的趋势(P>0.05);随着饲粮铜水平的提高,血清中胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量均呈线性降低(P<0.05)。研究结果显示,饲粮中添加硫酸铜能促进断奶黑山羊的生长并改变其血清脂类代谢。
The purpose of this trial was to investigate the effects of dietary copper addition in the form of copper sulfate on growth performance and serum lipids metabolism of weaned black goat kids. The study was conducted with 48 twomonth-old weaned male goats which were divided into 4 treatments with 10 replicates with 1 goat per pen by initial weight. Control group goats were fed by basal diet, while the experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 10, 20 and 30 mg/kg copper, respectively. The experiment was lasted for 30 days. The result can be list as follows: No differences were observed(P>0.05) in F/G; however, FBW and ADFI increased(linear; P<0.05) and ADG tended to increase(quadratic; P>0.05) as supplemental Cu increased. The TC, TG, HDLC and LDLC of serum decreased(linear; P<0.05) as dietary copper supplementation increased. These results indicate that diets supplementation with copper sulfate can promote performance and alter serum lipids metabolism of weaned black goat kids.
The purpose of this trial was to investigate the effects of dietary copper addition in the form of copper sulfate on growth performance and serum lipids metabolism of weaned black goat kids. The study was conducted with 48 twomonth-old weaned male goats which were divided into 4 treatments with 10 replicates with 1 goat per pen by initial weight. Control group goats were fed by basal diet, while the experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 10, 20 and 30 mg/kg copper, respectively. The experiment was lasted for 30 days. The result can be list as follows: No differences were observed(P>0.05) in F/G; however, FBW and ADFI increased(linear; P<0.05) and ADG tended to increase(quadratic; P>0.05) as supplemental Cu increased. The TC, TG, HDLC and LDLC of serum decreased(linear; P<0.05) as dietary copper supplementation increased. These results indicate that diets supplementation with copper sulfate can promote performance and alter serum lipids metabolism of weaned black goat kids.
引文
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[13]Solaiman S G,Jr T J C,Reddy G,et al.Effect of high levels of Cu supplement on growth performance,rumen fermentation,and immune responses in goat kids[J].Small Ruminant Res,2007,69(1):115-123.
[14]陈常秀,唐岭田.日粮添加高剂量铜对山羊生产性能、血脂、屠体的影响[J].畜牧与兽医,2008,40(1):61-63.
[15]Pau K Y,Khorram O,Kaynard A H,et al.Simultaneous induction of neuropeptide Y and gonadotropin-releasing hormone release in the rabbit hypothalamus[J].Neuroendocrinology,1989,49(2):197-201.
[16]Cheng J,Fan C,Zhang W,et al.Effects of dietary copper source and level on performance,carcass characteristics and lipid metabolism in lambs[J].Asian Aust J Anim Sci,2008,21(5):685-691.
[17]NRC.Nutrient requirements of domestic animals[M].Washington:National academy press,2007:271-299.
[18]王宝维,徐晨晨,葛文华,等.铜对1~4周龄五龙鹅脂类代谢、抗氧化能力及免疫器官指数的影响[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(8):2093-2100.
[19]邢芳芳,印遇龙,燕富永,等.饲料铜来源和水平对仔猪血清学指标及生长性能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2007(6):647-653.
[20]程忠刚,许梓荣,林映才,等.高剂量铜对仔猪生长性能及血液生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2004(4):44-46.
[21]程建波,张微,范彩云,等.不同铜源和水平对肥育绵羊生产性能、铜状态和抗氧化能力的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2010,46(11):49-52.
[22]张微,朱晓萍,卢德勋,等.内蒙古白绒山羊生绒期日粮适宜铜水平研究[J].中国农业大学学报,2004(3):36-40.
[23]Ranji P,Rauthan M,Pitot C,et al.Loss of HMG-CoA reductase in C.elegans causes defects in protein prenylation and muscle mitochondria[J].PLoS One,2014,9(2):e100033.
[24]Schwarz M,Russell D W,Dietschy J M,et al.Alternate pathways of bile acid synthesis in the cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase knockout mouse are not upregulated by either cholesterol or cholestyramine feeding[J].J Lipid Res,2001,42(10):1594-1603.
[25]Krishnamoorthy L,Cotruvo J A Jr,Chan J,et al.Copper regulates cyclic-AMP-dependent lipolysis[J].Nat Chem Biol,2016,12(8):586-592.
[2]Engle T E,Spears J W,Xi L,et al.Dietary copper effects on lipid metabolism and circulating catecholamine concentrations in finishing steers[J].J Anim Sci,2000,78(10):2737-2744.
[3]Engle T E,Spears J W.Dietary copper effects on lipid metabolism,performance,and ruminal fermentation in finishing steers[J].J Anim Sci,2000,78(9):2452-2458.
[4]Engle T E,Spears J W,Armstrong T A,et al.Effects of dietary copper source and concentration on carcass characteristics and lipid and cholesterol metabolism in growing and finishing steers[J].J Anim Sci,2000,78(4):1053-1059.
[5]Engle T E,Spears J W,Fellner V,et al.Effects of soybean oil and dietary copper on ruminal and tissue lipid metabolism in finishing steers[J].J Anim Sci,2000,78(10):2713-2721.
[6]Solaiman S G,Shoemaker C E,Jones W R,et al.The effects of high levels of supplemental copper on the serum lipid profile,carcass traits,and carcass composition of goat kids[J].J Anim Sci,2006,84(1):171-177.
[7]Huang Y L,Wang Y,Spears J W,et al.Effect of copper on performance,carcass characteristics,and muscle fatty acid composition of meat goat kids[J].J Anim Sci,2013,91(10):5004-5010.
[8]Huang Y,Wang Y,Lin X,et al.Effects of supplemental copper on the serum lipid profile,meat quality,and carcass composition of goat kids[J].Biol Trace Elem Res,2014,159(1-3):140-146.
[9]金艳华,朱晓萍,贾志海,等.日粮铜钼水平对辽宁绒山羊营养物质消化代谢的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2010,15(4):76-81.
[10]Zhang W,Wang R,Kleemann D O,et al.Effects of dietary copper on nutrient digestibility,growth performance and plasma copper status in cashmere goats[J].Small Ruminant Res,2008,74(1):188-193.
[11]Datta C,Mondal M K,Biswas P.Influence of dietary inorganic and organic form of copper salt on performance,plasma lipids and nutrient utilization of Black Bengal(Capra hircus)goat kids[J].Anim Feed Sci Tech,2007,135(3):191-209.
[12]Hosienpour N,Norouzian M A,Afzalzadeh A,et al.Source of copper may have regressive effects on serum cholesterol and urea nitrogen among male fattening lambs[J].Biol Trace Elem Res,2014,159(1-3):147-151.
[13]Solaiman S G,Jr T J C,Reddy G,et al.Effect of high levels of Cu supplement on growth performance,rumen fermentation,and immune responses in goat kids[J].Small Ruminant Res,2007,69(1):115-123.
[14]陈常秀,唐岭田.日粮添加高剂量铜对山羊生产性能、血脂、屠体的影响[J].畜牧与兽医,2008,40(1):61-63.
[15]Pau K Y,Khorram O,Kaynard A H,et al.Simultaneous induction of neuropeptide Y and gonadotropin-releasing hormone release in the rabbit hypothalamus[J].Neuroendocrinology,1989,49(2):197-201.
[16]Cheng J,Fan C,Zhang W,et al.Effects of dietary copper source and level on performance,carcass characteristics and lipid metabolism in lambs[J].Asian Aust J Anim Sci,2008,21(5):685-691.
[17]NRC.Nutrient requirements of domestic animals[M].Washington:National academy press,2007:271-299.
[18]王宝维,徐晨晨,葛文华,等.铜对1~4周龄五龙鹅脂类代谢、抗氧化能力及免疫器官指数的影响[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(8):2093-2100.
[19]邢芳芳,印遇龙,燕富永,等.饲料铜来源和水平对仔猪血清学指标及生长性能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2007(6):647-653.
[20]程忠刚,许梓荣,林映才,等.高剂量铜对仔猪生长性能及血液生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2004(4):44-46.
[21]程建波,张微,范彩云,等.不同铜源和水平对肥育绵羊生产性能、铜状态和抗氧化能力的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2010,46(11):49-52.
[22]张微,朱晓萍,卢德勋,等.内蒙古白绒山羊生绒期日粮适宜铜水平研究[J].中国农业大学学报,2004(3):36-40.
[23]Ranji P,Rauthan M,Pitot C,et al.Loss of HMG-CoA reductase in C.elegans causes defects in protein prenylation and muscle mitochondria[J].PLoS One,2014,9(2):e100033.
[24]Schwarz M,Russell D W,Dietschy J M,et al.Alternate pathways of bile acid synthesis in the cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase knockout mouse are not upregulated by either cholesterol or cholestyramine feeding[J].J Lipid Res,2001,42(10):1594-1603.
[25]Krishnamoorthy L,Cotruvo J A Jr,Chan J,et al.Copper regulates cyclic-AMP-dependent lipolysis[J].Nat Chem Biol,2016,12(8):586-592.