新建格库铁路HDPE板高立式沙障防风效益数值模拟研究
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摘要
以新建格库铁路风沙试验段为背景,基于Fluent欧拉双流体模型,对HDPE板高立式阻沙沙障周围风沙流运动特征进行了数值模拟,得出了HDPE板周围风沙流运动变化规律,分析了三道连续HDPE板沙障的合理间距问题,结果表明:当风沙流经过HDPE沙障时,会形成速度分区,孔隙率为10%和25%时,速度分区分别为气流减速区、气流加速区、气流高速区、低速回流区、速度突增区及消散恢复区,孔隙率增大至40%～50%时,速度突增区消失及低速回流区消失;风速相同时,HDPE板孔隙率越大,其有效防护距离越大;孔隙率一定时,入口初始风速越大,HDPE板沙障有效防护距离越小;三道连续HDPE板沙障,合理间距布设为30 m时,不仅是一种阻沙措施,也可作为一种固沙措施。
This paper simulated the movement characteristics of wind-sand flow around the high vertical sand barrier of HDPE panels using the Fluent Euler dual-fluid model based on the wind-sand test section of the newly-built Golmud-korla railway. The variation of wind-sand flow movement around HDPE panels was obtained, and the reasonable spacing of three consecutive HDPE sand barriers was analyzed. The results show that when the sand flow passes through the HDPE sand barrier, velocity zones are formed. When the porosity is 10% and 25%, airflow deceleration zone, airflow acceleration zone, airflow high-speed zone, low-speed recirculation zone, speed spurt zone, and dissipation recovery zone are formed. When the porosity increases to 40% and 50%, the speed spurt zone and the low-speed reflow zone disappear. The effective protection distance is the greater with the increase of the porosity of HDPE board under the same wind speed. The effective protection distance of HDPE sand barrier decreases with the increase of the initial wind speed at the inlet in a given porosity. When the reasonable distance between three consecutive HDPE sand barriers is set to be 30 m, it serves not only as a sand-resisting measure but also a sand-fixing measure.
This paper simulated the movement characteristics of wind-sand flow around the high vertical sand barrier of HDPE panels using the Fluent Euler dual-fluid model based on the wind-sand test section of the newly-built Golmud-korla railway. The variation of wind-sand flow movement around HDPE panels was obtained, and the reasonable spacing of three consecutive HDPE sand barriers was analyzed. The results show that when the sand flow passes through the HDPE sand barrier, velocity zones are formed. When the porosity is 10% and 25%, airflow deceleration zone, airflow acceleration zone, airflow high-speed zone, low-speed recirculation zone, speed spurt zone, and dissipation recovery zone are formed. When the porosity increases to 40% and 50%, the speed spurt zone and the low-speed reflow zone disappear. The effective protection distance is the greater with the increase of the porosity of HDPE board under the same wind speed. The effective protection distance of HDPE sand barrier decreases with the increase of the initial wind speed at the inlet in a given porosity. When the reasonable distance between three consecutive HDPE sand barriers is set to be 30 m, it serves not only as a sand-resisting measure but also a sand-fixing measure.
引文
[1] 王涛.中国风沙防治工程[M].北京:科学出版社,2011.
[2] 吴正.风沙地貌与治沙工程学[M].北京:科学出版社,2003.
[3] STIPHO A. Aeolian Sand Hazards and Engineering Design for Desert Regions[J].Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, 1992, 25(2):83-92.
[4] LEE S J,PARK K C,PARK C W.Wind Tunnel Observation about the Shelter Effect of Porous Fences on the Sand Particale Movement[J].Atmospheric Environment, 2002, 36(9):1453-1463.
[5] PARSONS D R,WIGGS G F,WALHER I J,et al.Numerical Modeling of Airflow over an Idealized Transverse Dune[J].Environmental Modeling and Software, 2004, 19(2):153-162.
[6] SARAH M C,JEONG J K,SANG J L,et al. Shelter Effects of Porous Multi-scale Fractal Fences[J]. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,2017,163:6-14.
[7] BO T L,ZHENG X J,DUAN S Z,et al. The Influence of Wind Velocity and Sand Grain Diameter on the Falling Velocities of Sand Particles[J]. Powder Technology,2013,241:158-165.
[8] CHENG H,HE J J,ZOU X Y,et al. Characteristics of Particle Size for Creeping and Saltating Sand Grains in Aeolian Transport[J].Sedimentology,2015,62(5):1497-1511.
[9] CHENG H,LIU C C,ZOU X Y,et al. Aeolian Creeping Mass of Different Grain Sizes over Sand Beds of Varying Length[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 2015,120(7):1404-1417.
[10] BO T L,PENG M,ZHENG X J. Numerical Study on the Effect of Semi-buried Straw Checkerboard Sand Barriers Belt on the Wind Speed[J].Aeolian Research,2015,16(16):101-107.
[11] HUANG L M,CHAN H C,LEE J T. A Numerical Study on Flow around Nonuniform Porous Fences[J]. Journal of Applied Mathematics,2012(1/2):203-222.
[12] DONG Z B,QIAN G Q,LUO W Y,et al. Threshold Velocity for Wind Erosion:The Effects of Porous Fences[J]. Environmental Geology,2006,51(3):471-475.
[13] ZHANG N,KANG J H,LEE S J. Wind Tunnel Observation on the Effect of a Porous Wind Fence on Shelter of Saltating Sand Particles[J]. Geomorphology,2010,120(3):224-232.
[14] HUANG N,ZHENG X J. Theoretical Simulation of Developing Process of Wind-blown Sand Movement[J]. Key Engineering Materials,2003,243-244:589-594.
[15] HUANG N,ZHENG X J,ZHOU Y H. A Multi-objective Optimization Method for Probability Density Function of Lift-off Speed of Wind-blown Sand Movement[J].Advances in Engineering Software,2006,37(1):32-40.
[16] 刘世海,冯玲正,许兆义.青藏铁路格拉段高立式沙障防风固沙效果研究[J].铁道学报,2010,31(1):133-136.LIU Shihai,FENG Lingzheng,XU Zhaoyi. Study on Effect of Wind Erosion Controlling in the Geerm-Lahsa Section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society,2010,31(1):133-136.
[17] 李凯崇,刘贺业,蒋富强,等.斜插板挡沙墙风沙防治现场试验研究[J].中国铁道科学,2013,34(2):46-51.LI Kaichong,LIU Heye,JIANG Fuqiang,et al. Field Test Study on the Prevention and Treatment of Wind Drift Sand by Retaining Wall with Inclined Plank[J].China Railway Science,2013,34(2):46-51.
[18] 李凯崇,薛春晓,刘贺业,等.不同类型挡沙墙风沙防护机理的风洞实验研究[J].铁道工程学报,2015,196(1):17-21.LI Kaichong,XUE Chunxiao,LIU Heye,et al. Wind Tunnel Test on Sand-preventing Mechanism of Different Kinds of Sand-barriers[J].Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2015,196(1):17-21.
[19] 庞营军,屈建军,谢胜波,等.高立式格状沙障防风效益[J].水土保持通报,2014,34(5):11-14.PANG Yingjun,QU Jianjun,XIE Shengbo,et al. Windproof Efficiency of Upright Checkerboard Sand-barriers [J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservatio,2014,34(5):11-14.
[20] 董治宝,慕青松,王洪涛.风沙流中风速廓线的数值模拟与实验验证[J].气象学报,2008,66(2):158-166.DONG Zhibao,MU Qingsong, WANG Hongtao. Numerical and Experimental Simulation of the Wind Velocity Profile with a Blowing Sand Cloud[J]. Acta Meteorologica Sinica,2008,66(2):158-166.
[21] 汪言在,伍永秋,苟诗薇.塔克拉玛干沙漠中部地区两类半隐蔽格状沙障内部沉积粒度特征浅析[J].中国沙漠,2009,29(6):1056-1062.WANG Yanshun,WU Yongqiu,GOU Shiwei. Study on Grain Size Characters in Different Material Semi-buried Checkerboard in the Center Area of Taklimakan Deser[J]. Journal of Desert Research,2009,29(6):1056-1062.
[22] 石龙,蒋富强,韩峰.风沙两相流对铁路路堤响应规律的数值模拟研究[J].铁道学报,2014,36(5):82-87.SHI Long,JIANG Fuqiang,HAN Feng. Numerical Simulation of Response Law of Wind-blown Sand Flow around the Railway Embankment[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society,2014,36(5):82-87.
[2] 吴正.风沙地貌与治沙工程学[M].北京:科学出版社,2003.
[3] STIPHO A. Aeolian Sand Hazards and Engineering Design for Desert Regions[J].Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, 1992, 25(2):83-92.
[4] LEE S J,PARK K C,PARK C W.Wind Tunnel Observation about the Shelter Effect of Porous Fences on the Sand Particale Movement[J].Atmospheric Environment, 2002, 36(9):1453-1463.
[5] PARSONS D R,WIGGS G F,WALHER I J,et al.Numerical Modeling of Airflow over an Idealized Transverse Dune[J].Environmental Modeling and Software, 2004, 19(2):153-162.
[6] SARAH M C,JEONG J K,SANG J L,et al. Shelter Effects of Porous Multi-scale Fractal Fences[J]. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,2017,163:6-14.
[7] BO T L,ZHENG X J,DUAN S Z,et al. The Influence of Wind Velocity and Sand Grain Diameter on the Falling Velocities of Sand Particles[J]. Powder Technology,2013,241:158-165.
[8] CHENG H,HE J J,ZOU X Y,et al. Characteristics of Particle Size for Creeping and Saltating Sand Grains in Aeolian Transport[J].Sedimentology,2015,62(5):1497-1511.
[9] CHENG H,LIU C C,ZOU X Y,et al. Aeolian Creeping Mass of Different Grain Sizes over Sand Beds of Varying Length[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 2015,120(7):1404-1417.
[10] BO T L,PENG M,ZHENG X J. Numerical Study on the Effect of Semi-buried Straw Checkerboard Sand Barriers Belt on the Wind Speed[J].Aeolian Research,2015,16(16):101-107.
[11] HUANG L M,CHAN H C,LEE J T. A Numerical Study on Flow around Nonuniform Porous Fences[J]. Journal of Applied Mathematics,2012(1/2):203-222.
[12] DONG Z B,QIAN G Q,LUO W Y,et al. Threshold Velocity for Wind Erosion:The Effects of Porous Fences[J]. Environmental Geology,2006,51(3):471-475.
[13] ZHANG N,KANG J H,LEE S J. Wind Tunnel Observation on the Effect of a Porous Wind Fence on Shelter of Saltating Sand Particles[J]. Geomorphology,2010,120(3):224-232.
[14] HUANG N,ZHENG X J. Theoretical Simulation of Developing Process of Wind-blown Sand Movement[J]. Key Engineering Materials,2003,243-244:589-594.
[15] HUANG N,ZHENG X J,ZHOU Y H. A Multi-objective Optimization Method for Probability Density Function of Lift-off Speed of Wind-blown Sand Movement[J].Advances in Engineering Software,2006,37(1):32-40.
[16] 刘世海,冯玲正,许兆义.青藏铁路格拉段高立式沙障防风固沙效果研究[J].铁道学报,2010,31(1):133-136.LIU Shihai,FENG Lingzheng,XU Zhaoyi. Study on Effect of Wind Erosion Controlling in the Geerm-Lahsa Section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society,2010,31(1):133-136.
[17] 李凯崇,刘贺业,蒋富强,等.斜插板挡沙墙风沙防治现场试验研究[J].中国铁道科学,2013,34(2):46-51.LI Kaichong,LIU Heye,JIANG Fuqiang,et al. Field Test Study on the Prevention and Treatment of Wind Drift Sand by Retaining Wall with Inclined Plank[J].China Railway Science,2013,34(2):46-51.
[18] 李凯崇,薛春晓,刘贺业,等.不同类型挡沙墙风沙防护机理的风洞实验研究[J].铁道工程学报,2015,196(1):17-21.LI Kaichong,XUE Chunxiao,LIU Heye,et al. Wind Tunnel Test on Sand-preventing Mechanism of Different Kinds of Sand-barriers[J].Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2015,196(1):17-21.
[19] 庞营军,屈建军,谢胜波,等.高立式格状沙障防风效益[J].水土保持通报,2014,34(5):11-14.PANG Yingjun,QU Jianjun,XIE Shengbo,et al. Windproof Efficiency of Upright Checkerboard Sand-barriers [J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservatio,2014,34(5):11-14.
[20] 董治宝,慕青松,王洪涛.风沙流中风速廓线的数值模拟与实验验证[J].气象学报,2008,66(2):158-166.DONG Zhibao,MU Qingsong, WANG Hongtao. Numerical and Experimental Simulation of the Wind Velocity Profile with a Blowing Sand Cloud[J]. Acta Meteorologica Sinica,2008,66(2):158-166.
[21] 汪言在,伍永秋,苟诗薇.塔克拉玛干沙漠中部地区两类半隐蔽格状沙障内部沉积粒度特征浅析[J].中国沙漠,2009,29(6):1056-1062.WANG Yanshun,WU Yongqiu,GOU Shiwei. Study on Grain Size Characters in Different Material Semi-buried Checkerboard in the Center Area of Taklimakan Deser[J]. Journal of Desert Research,2009,29(6):1056-1062.
[22] 石龙,蒋富强,韩峰.风沙两相流对铁路路堤响应规律的数值模拟研究[J].铁道学报,2014,36(5):82-87.SHI Long,JIANG Fuqiang,HAN Feng. Numerical Simulation of Response Law of Wind-blown Sand Flow around the Railway Embankment[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society,2014,36(5):82-87.