粗粒土的颗粒破碎演化模型及其试验验证
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摘要
建立了一个可以反映粗粒土在剪切过程中的颗粒破碎演化规律的数学模型,其思路是将土体的级配用级配方程的参数b和m定量表示。在此基础上,通过土体所处的应力-应变状态不但能预测破碎指标,还能进一步预测土体级配曲线的演化。总结了破碎指标BW和Bg与平均正应力p和广义剪应变?s的经验公式,即建立了破碎指标与应力、应变之间的定量关系,得到了该模型的具体表达形式,并介绍了模型4个参数?1、?2、??和hs的确定方法;利用碎石料进行了一组围压分别为0.2、0.5、1.0、1.5、2.0 MPa的三轴固结排水(CD)试验,其中,将围压为0.2、0.5、1.0、1.5 MPa的试验数据用来确定了该土料的模型参数;将所得参数代入模型并预测了围压为2.0 MPa时的颗粒破碎指标和级配曲线,结果表明模型预测值与试验值吻合较好,证明了该模型的适用性。
A mathematical model describing the gradation for coarse-grained soils under arbitrary stress state is proposed in this paper. The model is to express the grain size distribution of soil by a gradation equation firstly, on the one hand, the relationships between the two breakage indicators BW and Bg and gradation parameter b and m were derived. On the other hand, the empirical relationships between the two breakage indicators BW and Bg and stress or strain were suggested based on laboratory test data.Therefore, the relationship between the gradation, breakage indicators and stress or strain of soils were mathematically established.Meanwhile, the methods for the determination of parameters of the proposed model are discussed. Then, a series of consolidated drainage(CD) tests was conducted under confining pressures of 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 MPa, respectively. The experimental data at confining pressure of 0.2, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 MPa are used to obtain the model parameters, which are substituted into the model to predict the particle breaking indicators and gradation distribution when the confining pressure is 2.0 MPa. The results show that the predictive value agrees well with the experimental data and proves the applicability of the model.
A mathematical model describing the gradation for coarse-grained soils under arbitrary stress state is proposed in this paper. The model is to express the grain size distribution of soil by a gradation equation firstly, on the one hand, the relationships between the two breakage indicators BW and Bg and gradation parameter b and m were derived. On the other hand, the empirical relationships between the two breakage indicators BW and Bg and stress or strain were suggested based on laboratory test data.Therefore, the relationship between the gradation, breakage indicators and stress or strain of soils were mathematically established.Meanwhile, the methods for the determination of parameters of the proposed model are discussed. Then, a series of consolidated drainage(CD) tests was conducted under confining pressures of 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 MPa, respectively. The experimental data at confining pressure of 0.2, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 MPa are used to obtain the model parameters, which are substituted into the model to predict the particle breaking indicators and gradation distribution when the confining pressure is 2.0 MPa. The results show that the predictive value agrees well with the experimental data and proves the applicability of the model.
引文
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[15]GUDEHUS G.A comprehensive constitutive equation for granular materials[J].Soils and Foundations,1996,36(1):1-12.
[16]贾宇峰,迟世春,杨峻,等.粗粒土的破碎耗能计算及影响因素[J].岩土力学,2009,30(7):1960-1966.JIA Yu-feng,CHI Shi-chun,YANG Jun,et al.Measurement of breakage energy of coarse granular aggregates[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(7):1960-1966.
[2]孔宪京,刘京茂,邹德高,等.紫坪铺面板坝堆石料颗粒破碎试验研究[J].岩土力学,2014,35(1):35-40.KONG Xian-jing,LIU Jing-mao,ZOU De-gao,et al.Experimental study of particle breakage of Zipingpu rockfill material[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,35(1):35-40.
[3]徐志华,孙大伟,张国栋.堆石料应力-应变特性大型三轴试验研究[J].岩土力学,2017(6):1565-1572.XU Zhi-hua,SUN Da-wei,ZHANG Guo-dong.Study on stress-strain behavior of rockfill using large-scale triaxial tests[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2017(6):1565-1572.
[4]SALIM W,INDRARATNA B.A new elastoplastic constitutive model for coarse granular aggregates incorporating particle breakage[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,2004,41(4):657-671.
[5]张季如,张弼文,胡泳,等.粒状岩土材料颗粒破碎演化规律的模型预测研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(9):1898-1905.ZHANG Ji-ru,ZHANG Bi-wen,HU Yong,et al.Predicting the particle breakage of granular geomaterials[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(9):1898-1905.
[6]童晨曦,张升,李希,等.基于Markov链的岩土材料颗粒破碎演化规律研究[J].岩土工程学报,2015,37(5):870-877.TONG Chen-xi,ZHANG Sheng,LI Xi,et al.Evolution of geotechnical materials based on Markov chain considering particle crushing[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2015,37(5):870-877.
[7]郭万里,朱俊高,王青龙,等.基于级配方程的粗粒料级配演化预测模型[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2018,49(8):2076-2082.GUO Wan-li,ZHU Jun-gao,WANG Qing-long,et al.On the use of the gradation equation to predict the particle breakage characteristics of coarse-grained soils[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2018,49(8):2076-2082.
[8]MARSAL R J.Large-scale testing of rockfills materials[J].Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering,ASCE,1967,93(2):27-44.
[9]HARDIN B O.Crushing of soil particles[J].Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1985,111(10):1177-1192.
[10]EINAV I.Breakage mechanics-part I:theory[J].Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids,2007,55(6):1274-1297.
[11]朱俊高,郭万里,王元龙,等.连续级配土的级配方程及其适用性研究[J].岩土工程学报,2015,37(10):1931-1936.ZHU Jun-gao,GUO Wan-li,WANG Yuan-long,et al.The research on equation of soil gradation curve and its applicability[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2015,37(10):1931-1936.
[12]ZHU J G,GUO W L,WEN Y F,et al.A new gradation equation and its applicability for particle size distributions of various soils[J].International Journal of Geomechanics,2017.09,accepted.DOI:10.1061/(ASCE)GM.1943-5622.0001082.
[13]国家质量技术监督局.土工试验方法标准[S].北京:中国计划出版社,1999.National Quality and Technical Supervision.Standard for geotechnical test methods[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,1999.
[14]郭万里,朱俊高,彭文明.粗粒土的剪胀方程及广义塑性本构模型研究[J/OL].岩土工程学报,2017,07.http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/32.1124.TU.20170630.1121.008.html GUO Wan-li,ZHU Jun-gao,PENG Wen-ming.Study on dilatancy equation and generalized plastic constitutive model for coarse-grained soil[J/OL].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2017,07.http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/32.1124.TU.20170630.1121.008.html.
[15]GUDEHUS G.A comprehensive constitutive equation for granular materials[J].Soils and Foundations,1996,36(1):1-12.
[16]贾宇峰,迟世春,杨峻,等.粗粒土的破碎耗能计算及影响因素[J].岩土力学,2009,30(7):1960-1966.JIA Yu-feng,CHI Shi-chun,YANG Jun,et al.Measurement of breakage energy of coarse granular aggregates[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(7):1960-1966.