广东樟树各器官含碳率及碳储量
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摘要
以2012年广东省森林资源连续清查资源数据中樟树Cinnamomum camphora的分布为基础,按2, 4, 6, 8,12, 16, 20, 26, 32和38 cm共10个径阶伐倒90株樟树样木,获取树干、树皮、树叶、树枝、树根各器官生物量及含碳率数据,采用加权平均和总碳储量计算方法,计算了90株单木的碳储量。结果表明:广东樟树平均含碳率为0.509 6;树皮含碳率显著低于其他各器官(P<0.05),树干、树叶、树枝、树根差异不显著;含碳率随年龄增加而增加,到近熟林和成熟林达到最高,到过熟林再下降;人工林的含碳率高于天然林;含碳率随着纬度增加而增加,随着海拔增加而降低;各器官碳储量在全树中的比例从大到小排列顺序为树干,树枝,树根,树皮,树叶;随着胸径增加树干碳储量比例变化的趋势先增加后下降,树皮碳储量比例前期稳定、后期下降,树叶、树根碳储量比例变化不大,树枝碳储量比例初期稳定、后期增加。拟合出樟树年龄(A),胸径(D)和D2H(H为树高)的最优碳储量(Ct)模型依次为Ct=0.019 4A2.652 0, Ct=0.011 8D2.937 6, Ct=0.001 6(D2H)1.268 6, R2值依次为0.602 9, 0.943 2,0.910 5;经交叉检验,模型拟合效果显著(P<0.01)。以胸径和D2H为变量的樟树碳储量模型拟合效果优于以年龄为变量的模型,模型应用中应优先选择胸径和D2H为变量的模型进行碳储量估算,当胸径和D2H不易测量且年龄易知时,方可使用年龄为变量的碳储量模型进行估算。
To quickly and accurately measure the car on sink in forest carbon sequestration projects and to monitor carbon storage changes in forest vegetation of Guangdong Province, Cinnamomum camphora trees were selected as the object to establish a carbon storage model. Based on the 8th continuous forest inventory data for C. camphora distribution in Guangdong Province in 2012, all 90 sample trees were classified in 10 diameter classes according to 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 20, 26, 32, and 38 cm. The weighted mean and total carbon storage were calculated for individual trees of C. camphora including components of stem wood, bark, leaves, branches,and roots among different diameter levels by using the analysis of variance(ANOVA) method. Results showed that:(1)The average carbon rate of C. camphora in Guangdong was 0.509 6. There were no significant differences among stems, leaves, branches, and roots(P>0.05)for the average carbon content in DBH levels, but the carbon content of bark was significantly lower than other components(P<0.05).(2) Carbon content increased with age in period of mature and near-mature forests, but declined in period of over-mature forests.(3)The carbon content of the artificial forest was higher than the natural forest and increased with increasing latitude, but decreased with the increasing of altitude.(4)The proportion of carbon storage in each component was stem>branch>root>bark>leaf.(5)With an increase in DBH, the ratio of stem carbon storage increased first and then decreased, the proportion of bark carbon reserves was stable at an early age but decreased in later stages, the proportion of leaves and roots changed little, and the carbon storage of branches was stable first and increased in a later period at a significant level of 0.05.(6)The optimal carbon storage(Ct) model of C.camphora and R2 for age(A) was Ct= 0.019 4A2.652 0, R~2= 0.602 9; for DBH was Ct= 0.011 8D2.937 6, R2=0.943 2; and for D2H was Ct=0.001 6(D2H)1.268 6, R~2= 0.910 5. Through cross validation, the model fitting effect was significant(P<0.01). The fitting carbon storage model of C. camphora with D and D2H was better than the age vatiable. In the model application, the model with D and D2H should be selected to estimate the carbon storage. When the diameter(D) and D2 H were not easy to be measured but the age was easy to know, the age could be used to estimate the carbon storage.
To quickly and accurately measure the car on sink in forest carbon sequestration projects and to monitor carbon storage changes in forest vegetation of Guangdong Province, Cinnamomum camphora trees were selected as the object to establish a carbon storage model. Based on the 8th continuous forest inventory data for C. camphora distribution in Guangdong Province in 2012, all 90 sample trees were classified in 10 diameter classes according to 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 20, 26, 32, and 38 cm. The weighted mean and total carbon storage were calculated for individual trees of C. camphora including components of stem wood, bark, leaves, branches,and roots among different diameter levels by using the analysis of variance(ANOVA) method. Results showed that:(1)The average carbon rate of C. camphora in Guangdong was 0.509 6. There were no significant differences among stems, leaves, branches, and roots(P>0.05)for the average carbon content in DBH levels, but the carbon content of bark was significantly lower than other components(P<0.05).(2) Carbon content increased with age in period of mature and near-mature forests, but declined in period of over-mature forests.(3)The carbon content of the artificial forest was higher than the natural forest and increased with increasing latitude, but decreased with the increasing of altitude.(4)The proportion of carbon storage in each component was stem>branch>root>bark>leaf.(5)With an increase in DBH, the ratio of stem carbon storage increased first and then decreased, the proportion of bark carbon reserves was stable at an early age but decreased in later stages, the proportion of leaves and roots changed little, and the carbon storage of branches was stable first and increased in a later period at a significant level of 0.05.(6)The optimal carbon storage(Ct) model of C.camphora and R2 for age(A) was Ct= 0.019 4A2.652 0, R~2= 0.602 9; for DBH was Ct= 0.011 8D2.937 6, R2=0.943 2; and for D2H was Ct=0.001 6(D2H)1.268 6, R~2= 0.910 5. Through cross validation, the model fitting effect was significant(P<0.01). The fitting carbon storage model of C. camphora with D and D2H was better than the age vatiable. In the model application, the model with D and D2H should be selected to estimate the carbon storage. When the diameter(D) and D2 H were not easy to be measured but the age was easy to know, the age could be used to estimate the carbon storage.
引文
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[2]李海奎,雷渊才,曾伟生.基于森林清查资料的中国森林植被碳储量[J].林业科学,2011,47(7):7-12.LI Haikui,LEI Yuancai,ZENG Weisheng.Forest carbon storage in China estimated using forestry inventory data[J].Sci Silv Sin,2011,47(7):7-12.
[3]MARLAND E,MARLAND G.The treatment of long-lived,carbon-containing products in inventories of carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere[J].Environ Sci Policy,2003,6(2):139-152.
[4]LAL R.Forest soils and carbon sequestration[J].For Ecol Manage,2005,220(1/3):242-258.
[5]PAN Y,BIRDSEY R A,FANG J,et al.A large and persistent carbon sink in the world’s forests[J].Science,2011,333(6045):988-993.
[6]刘国华,傅伯杰,方精云.中国森林碳动态及其对全球碳平衡的贡献[J].生态学报,1999,20(5):732-740.LIU Guohua,FU Bojie,FANG Jingyun.Carbon dynamics of Chinese forests and its contribution to global carbon balance[J].Acta Ecol Sin,1999,20(5):732-740.
[7]HOUGHTON R A,HALL F,GOETZ S J.Importance of biomass in the global carbon cycle[J].J Geophys Res Biogeosci,2009,114(G2):G00E03.doi:10.1029/2009JG000935.
[8]SCHIMEL D S,HOUSE J I,HIBBARD K A,et al.Recent patterns and mechanisms of carbon exchange by terrestrial ecosystems[J].Nature,2001,414(6860):169-172.
[9]DIXON R K,SOLOMON A M,BROWN S,et al.Carbon pools and flux of global forest ecosystem[J].Science,1994,263(5144):185-190.
[10]方精云,陈安平.中国森林植被碳库的动态变化及其意义[J].植物学报,2001,43(9):967-973.FANG Jingyun,CHEN Anping.Dynamic forest biomass carbon pools in China and their significance[J].Acta Bot Sin,2001,43(9):967-973.
[11]王效科,冯宗炜,欧阳志云.中国森林生态系统的植物碳储量和碳密度研究[J].应用生态学报,2001,12(1):13-16.WANG Xiaoke,FENG Zongwei,OUYANG Zhiyun.Vegetation carbon storage and density of forest ecosystems in China[J].Chin J Appl Ecol,2001,12(1):13-16.
[12]徐新良,曹明奎,李克让.中国森林生态系统植被碳储量时空动态变化研究[J].地理科学进展,2007,26(6):1-10.XU Xinliang,CAO Mingkui,LI Kerang.Temporal-spatial dynamics of carbon storage of forest vegetation in China[J].Prog Geogr,2007,26(6):1-10.
[13]吴庆标,王效科,段晓男,等.中国森林生态系统植被固碳现状和潜力[J].生态学报,2008,28(2):517-524.WU Qingbiao,WANG Xiaoke,DUAN Xiaonan,et al.Carbon sequestration and its potential by forest ecosystems in China[J].Acta Ecol Sin,2008,28(2):517-524.
[14]刘兆丹,李斌,方晰,等.湖南省森林植被碳储量、碳密度动态特征[J].生态学报,2016,36(21):6897-6908.LIU Zhaodan,LI Bin,FANG Xi,et al.Dynamic characteristics of forest carbon storage and carbon density in the Hunan Province[J].Acta Ecol Sin,2016,36(21):6897-6908.
[15]焦秀梅,项文化,田大伦.湖南省森林植被的碳储量及其地理分布规律[J].中南林学院学报,2005,25(1):4-8.JIAO Xiumei,XIANG Wenhua,TIAN Dalun.Carbon storage of forest vegetation and its geographical distribution in Hunan Province[J].J Cent South For Univ,2005,25(1):4-8.
[16]李明军,杜明凤,喻理飞.贵州省森林植被碳储量、碳密度及其分布[J].西北林学院学报,2016,31(1):48-54.LI Mingjun,DU Mingfeng,YU Lifei.Carbon storage and density of forest vegetation and its spatial distribution pattern in Guizhou Province[J].J Northwest For Univ,2016,31(1):48-54.
[17]黄从德,张健,杨万勤,等.四川省及重庆地区森林植被碳储量动态[J].生态学报,2008,28(3):966-975.HUANG Conde,ZHANG Jian,YANG Wanqin,et al.Dynamics on forest carbon stock in Sichuan Province and Chongqing City[J].Acta Ecol Sin,2008,28(3):966-975.
[18]马钦彦,陈遐林,王娟,等.华北主要森林类型建群种的含碳率分析[J].北京林业大学学报,2002,24(5/6):96-100.MA Qinyan,CHEN Xialin,WANG Juan,et al.Carbon content rate in constructive species of main forest types in northern China[J].J Beijing For Univ,2002,24(5/6):96-100.
[19]周玉荣,于振良,赵士洞.我国主要森林生态系统碳储量和碳平衡[J].植物生态学报,2000,24(5):518-522.ZHOU Yurong,YU Zhenliang,ZHAO Shidong.Carbon storage and budget of major Chinese forest types[J].Acta Phytoecol Sin,2000,24(5):518-522.
[20]ZHANG Xiaoquan,XU Deying.Potential carbon sequestration in China’s forest[J].Environ Sci Policy,2003,6(5):421-432.
[21]CAO M,WOODWARD F I.Net primary and ecosystem production and carbon stocks of terrestrial ecosystems and their response to climate change[J].Global Change Biol,1998,4(2):185-198.
[22]KOLCHUGINA T P,VINSON T S.Comparison of two methods to assess the carbon budget of forest biomass in the former Soviet Union[J].Water Air Soil Pollut,1993,70(1/4):207-221.
[23]DJOMO A N,KNOHL A,GRAVENHORST G.Estimations of total ecosystem carbon pools distribution and carbon biomass current annual increment of a moist tropical forest[J].For Ecol Manage,201l,26(1):1448-1459.
[24]李斌,方晰,田大伦,等.湖南省现有森林植被主要树种的碳含量[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2015,35(1):71-78.LI Bin,FANG Xi,TIAN Dalun,et al.Studies on carbon concentration of main forest vegetation tree species in Hunan Province[J].J Cent South Univ For Technol,2015,35(1):71-78.
[25]于颖,范文义,李明泽.东北林区不同尺度森林的含碳率[J].应用生态学报,2012,23(2):341-346.YU Ying,FAN Wenyi,LI Mingze.Forest carbon rates at different scales in Northeast China forest area[J].Chin JAppl Ecol,2012,23(2):341-346.
[26]ZHANG Quanzhi,WANG Cuankuan,WANG Xingchang,et al.Carbon concentration variability of 10 Chinese temperate tree species[J].For Ecol Manage,2009,258(5):722-727.
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