格式化表达——老中医经验类论文撰写一般要素探讨
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摘要
格式化表达可使论文逻辑撰写更为简化,更方便作者撰写,突出优势是不易遗漏重要内容,使论文层次分明,更便于审稿、编辑加工,尤其是方便读者阅读。撰写老中医经验类论文亦应遵循,基本原则:通篇必须注意以老中医语气表述,引用文献注意突出老中医的理解和看法,尤其要彰显老中医对经典条文的理解及临床运用,特别是辨证要素、方剂配伍、方药剂量搭配等,注意体现中医思维。题名三要素:明确专家名字、学术特点(辨证要素/方药等)、研究内容/干预病症。老中医经验及文献医籍考证类论文更适合"一段式摘要",根据需要确定字数,确保摘要内容与正文一致;在摘要中包含、传递更多信息,引起读者关注,类似于传统报道性摘要。最重要的关键词,就在题名中,题名中没有,说明题名不理想,不准确,缺乏专指性;题名中有,关键词中没有,提示关键词选择缺陷。"经方"命名及加减,千百年来形成的固有遗规,自拟中医药方剂命名,也应遵循,主药命名、治疗作用/病证、主药+作用、剂型命名等。整理老中医经验类论文,是重要的传承研究,引用文献的版本也不可忽视;所谓权威版本文献,只是某年代的"专家共识",撰写更应注重老中医对"经文"认识的不断深入过程,突出重要变化节点及理由依据,是通过什么临床实践验证,才改变或加深了认识,实际就是强调辨证思维的演变过程,给读者以启迪,特别注意应在按语中体现出来。所谓"授人以鱼,不如授之以渔"是也。
Formatting(structured) expression makes the paper logically simplifies and makes it easier for authors to write. Outstanding advantages are that it is not easy to omit important content, make the paper clearly structured and easier to review, edit and process, especially for readers. the writing of old TCM experience papers should also follow the basic principles: Throughout the article, we must pay attention to the expression of old Chinese medicine tone, cite literature to pay attention to the understanding and opinions of the old TCM practitioners, and especially highlight the understanding and clinical application of classic TCM articles. The dialectical elements, compatibility of prescriptions, and dosages of prescriptions are closely related to the thinking of traditional Chinese medicine, demonstrating Chinese traditional culture from the perspective of cultural self-confidence, and promoting the development of the essence of Chinese medicine from the perspective of philosophy and culture. Title three elements: clear expert name, academic characteristics(diagnostic elements/prescription drugs, etc), research content/interventions. Old Chinese experience and medical literature textual research papers are more suitable for"one-stage abstract". Determine the number of words according to needs to ensure that the abstract content is consistent with the text. Including and passing more information in the abstractdraws attention from the reader, similar to the traditional reportable abstract. The most important keyword, in the title, is not in the title, indicating that the title is not ideal, inaccurate, lack of specific referability; in the title,not in the keyword, suggesting that the keyword selection defect. Addition and subtraction of "Jing Fang", inherent rule, self-designed prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine, should also follow the corresponding regulations, name of the main drug, therapeutic effect/sickness, main drug + effect, dosage form, name of the god by ancient myths and legends wait. Sorting out the old TCM experience papers is a more important inheritance research. The edition of the cited documents must not be ignored. The so-called authoritative version of the documents is only an"expert consensus"of a certain era. Writing should pay more attention to the understanding of the old scriptures by the old Chinese scholars. In-depth process, highlighting the important change nodes and justification basis, is through what clinical practice verification, only changed/deepen the understanding, the actual is to emphasize the evolution of dialectical thinking, give readers enlightenment, special attention should be reflected in the phraseology. The so-called "to grant people fish, it is better to teach them to fish" is also.
Formatting(structured) expression makes the paper logically simplifies and makes it easier for authors to write. Outstanding advantages are that it is not easy to omit important content, make the paper clearly structured and easier to review, edit and process, especially for readers. the writing of old TCM experience papers should also follow the basic principles: Throughout the article, we must pay attention to the expression of old Chinese medicine tone, cite literature to pay attention to the understanding and opinions of the old TCM practitioners, and especially highlight the understanding and clinical application of classic TCM articles. The dialectical elements, compatibility of prescriptions, and dosages of prescriptions are closely related to the thinking of traditional Chinese medicine, demonstrating Chinese traditional culture from the perspective of cultural self-confidence, and promoting the development of the essence of Chinese medicine from the perspective of philosophy and culture. Title three elements: clear expert name, academic characteristics(diagnostic elements/prescription drugs, etc), research content/interventions. Old Chinese experience and medical literature textual research papers are more suitable for"one-stage abstract". Determine the number of words according to needs to ensure that the abstract content is consistent with the text. Including and passing more information in the abstractdraws attention from the reader, similar to the traditional reportable abstract. The most important keyword, in the title, is not in the title, indicating that the title is not ideal, inaccurate, lack of specific referability; in the title,not in the keyword, suggesting that the keyword selection defect. Addition and subtraction of "Jing Fang", inherent rule, self-designed prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine, should also follow the corresponding regulations, name of the main drug, therapeutic effect/sickness, main drug + effect, dosage form, name of the god by ancient myths and legends wait. Sorting out the old TCM experience papers is a more important inheritance research. The edition of the cited documents must not be ignored. The so-called authoritative version of the documents is only an"expert consensus"of a certain era. Writing should pay more attention to the understanding of the old scriptures by the old Chinese scholars. In-depth process, highlighting the important change nodes and justification basis, is through what clinical practice verification, only changed/deepen the understanding, the actual is to emphasize the evolution of dialectical thinking, give readers enlightenment, special attention should be reflected in the phraseology. The so-called "to grant people fish, it is better to teach them to fish" is also.
引文
[1]原源,周庆平.表格-格式化表达随机平行对照临床报告人口学资料及临床特征[J].实用中医内科杂志,2012,29(2):25-27.
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[7]李晓莹,刘宝文.刘宝文“药对”治疗血液病[J].实用中医内科杂志,2013,26(6):11-12.
[8]中国国家标准化管理委员会.科技报告编写规则:GB/T7713.3-2014[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2014:4.
[9]《科技写作与编辑指南》编委会.科技写作与编辑指南[M].北京:地质出版社,2010:6.
[10]任胜利.英语科技论文撰写与投稿[M].2版.北京:科学出版社,2011:31.
[11]David Moher,Alessando Liberati,Jennifer Tetzlaff,et al.系统综述和荟萃分析优先报告的条目:PRISMA声明[J].李迅,曹卉娟,译.刘建平,审校.中西医结合学报,2009,7(9):889-896.
[12]系统综述与网状Meta分析的PRISMA扩展声明[J].李志霞,杨俊,叶欣,周凌波,译.杨智荣,孙凤,詹思延,审校.中国循证心血管医学杂志,2016,8(6):656-679.
[13]郑颂华,吴泰相,商洪才,等.中药复方临床随机对照试验报告规范,2017:CONSORT声明的扩展、说明与详述[J].Ann Intern Med,2017,167(2):W21-W34.
[14]冯学功.再谈经方特点[N].中国中医药报,2013-10-31(005).
[15]陈可冀,李春生.岳美中教授用经方起大症之经验[J].新中医,1983,31(4):8-11.
[16]湖北中医学院.伤寒论[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1978.
[17]刘渡舟教授答《伤寒论》有关问题[J].王琦,李铁君,整理.河南中医,1981(1):13-15.
[18]全国信息与文献标准化技术委员会第六分委员会.信息与文献参考文献著录规则:GB/T7714-2015[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2015:15-17.
[19]互动百科.造纸术[EB/OL].[2018-05-01].http://www.baike.com/wiki/%E9%80%A0%E7%BA%B8%E6%9C%AF.
[20]百度百科.蔡伦造纸[EB/OL].[2018-05-01].https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E8%94%A1%E4%BC%A6%E9%80%A0%E7%BA%B8/10589533.
[2]原源,朱航.从哲学文化层面弘扬发展国粹中医[C]//刘峻杰.中医科学大会文集(第一届第二届).北京:中国医药科技出版社,2016:101-104.
[3]百度汉语.标题[EB/OL].[2018-05-01].https://hanyu.baidu.com/zici/s?wd=%E6%A0%87%E9%A2%98&query=%E6%A0%87%E9%A2%98&srcid=28232&from=kg0&from=kg0.
[4]中华中医药学会.中华中医药学会团体标准·中医药期刊编排规范:T/CACM 019-2017[S].北京:中华中医药学会,2017:5-6.
[5]国际医学期刊编辑委员会.学术研究实施与报告和医学期刊编辑与发表的推荐规范(2016年12月更新)[J].中国循证儿科杂志,2017,12(6):209-217.
[6]实用中医内科杂志.《实用中医内科杂志》第31卷2017年总目次[J].实用中医内科杂志,2017,31(12):Ⅰ-Ⅱ.
[7]李晓莹,刘宝文.刘宝文“药对”治疗血液病[J].实用中医内科杂志,2013,26(6):11-12.
[8]中国国家标准化管理委员会.科技报告编写规则:GB/T7713.3-2014[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2014:4.
[9]《科技写作与编辑指南》编委会.科技写作与编辑指南[M].北京:地质出版社,2010:6.
[10]任胜利.英语科技论文撰写与投稿[M].2版.北京:科学出版社,2011:31.
[11]David Moher,Alessando Liberati,Jennifer Tetzlaff,et al.系统综述和荟萃分析优先报告的条目:PRISMA声明[J].李迅,曹卉娟,译.刘建平,审校.中西医结合学报,2009,7(9):889-896.
[12]系统综述与网状Meta分析的PRISMA扩展声明[J].李志霞,杨俊,叶欣,周凌波,译.杨智荣,孙凤,詹思延,审校.中国循证心血管医学杂志,2016,8(6):656-679.
[13]郑颂华,吴泰相,商洪才,等.中药复方临床随机对照试验报告规范,2017:CONSORT声明的扩展、说明与详述[J].Ann Intern Med,2017,167(2):W21-W34.
[14]冯学功.再谈经方特点[N].中国中医药报,2013-10-31(005).
[15]陈可冀,李春生.岳美中教授用经方起大症之经验[J].新中医,1983,31(4):8-11.
[16]湖北中医学院.伤寒论[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1978.
[17]刘渡舟教授答《伤寒论》有关问题[J].王琦,李铁君,整理.河南中医,1981(1):13-15.
[18]全国信息与文献标准化技术委员会第六分委员会.信息与文献参考文献著录规则:GB/T7714-2015[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2015:15-17.
[19]互动百科.造纸术[EB/OL].[2018-05-01].http://www.baike.com/wiki/%E9%80%A0%E7%BA%B8%E6%9C%AF.
[20]百度百科.蔡伦造纸[EB/OL].[2018-05-01].https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E8%94%A1%E4%BC%A6%E9%80%A0%E7%BA%B8/10589533.