松木屑化学链气化制备合成气实验
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摘要
生物质能源的开发与利用有助于缓解日益严重的能源危机与环境污染。在生物质能源的利用中,生物质化学链气化技术展现了较好的发展前景。以来源广泛、经济友好的赤铁矿为载体,在小型流化床反应器中进行了生物质化学链气化制备合成气实验研究,研究了O/C、水蒸气流速、反应温度对合成气产率的影响,同时进行生物质焦油分析和循环实验。结果表明:在O/C为0.2,水蒸气流量为0.15 mL/min,反应器温度为850℃时,6 g松木屑CO、CH_4、H_2产量分别为2.43,0.77,1.4 L。XRD结果表明:在水蒸气存在的条件下,赤铁矿的还原受到抑制,Fe_2O_3只能被转化为Fe_3O_4;多次循环后,赤铁矿比表面积由2.63 m~2/g变为1.35 m~2/g;SEM分析多次循环的赤铁矿发现,氧载体颗粒表面烧结现象明显。
The development and utilization of biomass energy contributes to easing the increasingly serious energy crisis and environmental pollution, and in utilization of biomass energy, biomass chemical looping gasification technology shows a bright development prospect. In this study, the experiment of syngas prepared by chemical looping gasification of biomass was conducted in a small fluidized-bed rector using friendly hematite of extensive sources as the carrier. The influence of O/C ratio, steam flow rate and reaction temperature on syngas yield were investigated, and biomass tar analysis and cyclic tests were also performed. The results indicated that good effect with the yields of CO, CH_4 and H_2 being 2.43 L, 0.77 L and 1.4 L respectively was achieved when O/C ratio was 0.2, steam flow rate was 0.15 mL/min and reaction temperature was 850 ℃. The XRD result showed that: the reduction of hematite was inhibited when vapor exists so that Fe_2O_3 could only be reduced into Fe_3O_4; after repeated cycles, hematite's specific surface area was decreased from 2.63 m~2/g to 1.35 m~2/g; SEM analysis on the multi-cycled hematite found that the surface sintering of oxygen carrier particulate matters was obvious.
The development and utilization of biomass energy contributes to easing the increasingly serious energy crisis and environmental pollution, and in utilization of biomass energy, biomass chemical looping gasification technology shows a bright development prospect. In this study, the experiment of syngas prepared by chemical looping gasification of biomass was conducted in a small fluidized-bed rector using friendly hematite of extensive sources as the carrier. The influence of O/C ratio, steam flow rate and reaction temperature on syngas yield were investigated, and biomass tar analysis and cyclic tests were also performed. The results indicated that good effect with the yields of CO, CH_4 and H_2 being 2.43 L, 0.77 L and 1.4 L respectively was achieved when O/C ratio was 0.2, steam flow rate was 0.15 mL/min and reaction temperature was 850 ℃. The XRD result showed that: the reduction of hematite was inhibited when vapor exists so that Fe_2O_3 could only be reduced into Fe_3O_4; after repeated cycles, hematite's specific surface area was decreased from 2.63 m~2/g to 1.35 m~2/g; SEM analysis on the multi-cycled hematite found that the surface sintering of oxygen carrier particulate matters was obvious.
引文
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[4] 葛晖骏, 郭万军, 沈来宏,等. 铁矿石载氧体生物质化学链气化实验研究[J]. 工程热物理学报, 2015, 36(6):1371-1375.
[5] Johansson M, Mattisson T, Lyngfelt A, et al. Using continuous and pulse experiments to compare two promising nickel-based oxygen carriers for use in chemical-looping technologies[J]. Fuel, 2008, 87(6):988-1001.
[6] He F, Wei Y, Li H, et al. Synthesis gas generation by chemical-looping reforming using Ce-based oxygen carriers modified with Fe, Cu, and Mn oxides[J]. Energy & Fuels, 2009, 23:2095-2102.
[7] Qamar Zafar, Tobias Mattisson A, Gevert B. Integrated hydrogen and power production with CO2 capture using chemical-looping reforming redox reactivity of particles of CuO, Mn2O3, NiO, and Fe2O3 using SiO2 as a support[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2005, 44(10):3485-3496.
[8] Stobbe E R, Boer D, Geus J W. The reduction and oxidation behaviour of manganese oxides[J]. Catalysis Today, 1999, 47(1/2/3/4):161-167.
[9] Mattisson T, Zafar Q, Lyngfelt A, et al. Integrated hydrogen and power production from natural gas with CO2 capture[C]//2004.
[2] Ortiz M, Diego L F D, Abad A, et al. Hydrogen production by auto-thermal chemical-looping reforming in a pressurized fluidized bed reactor using Ni-based oxygen carriers[J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2010, 35(1):151-160.
[3] Rubel A, Liu K, Neathery J, et al. Oxygen carriers for chemical looping combustion of solid fuels[J]. Fuel. 2009, 88(5): 876-884.
[4] 葛晖骏, 郭万军, 沈来宏,等. 铁矿石载氧体生物质化学链气化实验研究[J]. 工程热物理学报, 2015, 36(6):1371-1375.
[5] Johansson M, Mattisson T, Lyngfelt A, et al. Using continuous and pulse experiments to compare two promising nickel-based oxygen carriers for use in chemical-looping technologies[J]. Fuel, 2008, 87(6):988-1001.
[6] He F, Wei Y, Li H, et al. Synthesis gas generation by chemical-looping reforming using Ce-based oxygen carriers modified with Fe, Cu, and Mn oxides[J]. Energy & Fuels, 2009, 23:2095-2102.
[7] Qamar Zafar, Tobias Mattisson A, Gevert B. Integrated hydrogen and power production with CO2 capture using chemical-looping reforming redox reactivity of particles of CuO, Mn2O3, NiO, and Fe2O3 using SiO2 as a support[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2005, 44(10):3485-3496.
[8] Stobbe E R, Boer D, Geus J W. The reduction and oxidation behaviour of manganese oxides[J]. Catalysis Today, 1999, 47(1/2/3/4):161-167.
[9] Mattisson T, Zafar Q, Lyngfelt A, et al. Integrated hydrogen and power production from natural gas with CO2 capture[C]//2004.