湖南烟草病虫害绿色防控技术研究现状与应用对策
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摘要
本文在分析湖南烟草病虫害发生现状的基础上,系统总结了近年来湖南烟草病虫害绿色防控技术研究情况,并优化集成2套适合湖南烟区的绿色防控技术推广模式。本文分析了绿色防控实施过程中存在的主要问题,提出了普及绿色防控理念、加强预测预报、加快防控新技术研发与应用、构建防控技术推广新模式等对策,为推动烟草病虫害绿色防控技术发展提供有益的借鉴与参考。
Based on analysis of current situation of tobacco diseases and pests in Hunan, the research situation of green prevention and control technologies in tobacco production was summarized, and two sets of promotion models were optimized. The paper analyzed the main problems in implementation of green prevention and control technologies, and put forward a series of countermeasures, such as disseminating the knowledge of green prevention and control technology, strengthening prediction and forecast of tobacco pests, enhancing research and application of new technologies, and building new models for promoting prevention and control technologies. The paper provides a reference for future development of green prevention and control technologies.
Based on analysis of current situation of tobacco diseases and pests in Hunan, the research situation of green prevention and control technologies in tobacco production was summarized, and two sets of promotion models were optimized. The paper analyzed the main problems in implementation of green prevention and control technologies, and put forward a series of countermeasures, such as disseminating the knowledge of green prevention and control technology, strengthening prediction and forecast of tobacco pests, enhancing research and application of new technologies, and building new models for promoting prevention and control technologies. The paper provides a reference for future development of green prevention and control technologies.
引文
[1]赵元宽.推行GAP管理是中国烟叶生产的必由之路[J].烟草科技, 2003(11):3-7.ZHAO Yuankuan. Implementing Good Agricultural Practice:the Only Way for Improving the Tobacco Production in China[J].Tobacco Science&Technology, 2003(11):3-7.
[2]TAN Lin, HU Qiulong, XIONG Xingyao, et al. Isolation and Characterization of a Novel 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic AcidDegrading Enterobacter sp. strain SE08[J]. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2013, 96(10):198-204.
[3]王彦亭,程多福.无公害烟叶生产技术探讨[J].烟草科技,2001(12):3-5.WANG Yanting, CHENG Duofu. Study on Production Technology of Non-Pollution Tobacco[J]. Tobacco Science&Technology,2001(12):3-5.
[4]窦玉青,刘新民,程森,等.论我国有机烟叶开发[J].中国烟草科学, 2012, 33(2):98-101.DOU Yuqing, LIU Xinmin, CHENG Sen, et al. Organic Tobacco Development in China[J]. Chinese Tobacco Science, 2012, 33(2):98-101.
[5]李义强.影响烟叶质量安全的外源因素及防控对策[J].中国烟草学报, 2013, 19(2):85-89.LI Yiqiang. External Factors Affecting Safety of Leaf Tobacco QualityandRelevantCounterMeasures[J].ChineseTobacco Science, 2013, 19(2):85-89.
[6]方敦煌,黄学跃,秦西云,等.云南烟草病虫害绿色防控实践与思考[J].中国植保导刊,2017,37(10):76-79.FANG Dunhuang, HUANG Xueyue. QIN Xiyun, et al. The Practice and the Reflection ofGreen Prevention and Control Technology of Tobacco Production in YuNnan[J]. China Plant Protection, 2017,37(10):76-79.
[7]宋瑞芳,夏阳,韦凤杰,等.绿色防控技术在我国烟叶生产中的应用[J].江西农业学报, 2017, 29(5):66-71.SONG Ruifang, XIA Yang, WEI Fengjie, et al. Application of Green Prevention and Control Technology in Tobacco Production in China[J]. Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi, 2017, 29(5):66-71.
[8]刘天波,曾维爱,唐前君,等.湖南烟区烟草病害种类及发生动态[J].河南农业科学, 2017, 46(10):92-98.LIU Tianbo,ZENG Weiai,TANGQianjun,etal.Speciesand Occurrence Dynamics of Tobacco Diseases in Hunan[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2017, 46(10):92-98.
[9]廖新光,鲁文安,朱晓湘.湖南烟草病害调查初报[J].湖南农业科学, 1990(6):29-31.LIAO Xinguagn, LU Wenan, ZHU Xiaoxiang. A Preliminary Survey of Tobacco Diseases in Hunan[J]. Hunan Agricultural Science, 1990(6):29-31.
[10]伍绍龙,周志成,彭曙光,等.湖南不同生态烟区主要虫害发生动态分析[J].河南农业科学, 2017, 46(12):80-84.WU Shaolong, ZHOU Zhicheng, PENG Shuguang, et al. Analysis of Major Pests Occurrence Dynamics in Different Ecological Tobacco Production Areas of Hunan[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2017, 46(12):80-84.
[11]王刚.我国烟草病虫害预测预报工作进展与展望[J].中国烟草科学, 2004,(1):44-46.WANG Gang. Advances and Outlook for Forecast Work of Tobacco Diseases and Insect Pests in China[J]. Chinese Tobacco Science,2004,(1):44-46.
[12]匡传富,刘世超,曾涛,等.烟草苗床期普通花叶病(TMV)组织印迹检测技术研究[J].农业科学, 2018, 8(8):967-975.KUANG Chuanfu, LIU Shichao, ZENG Tao, et al. Study on Tissue Blotting Detection Technology of Tobacco Mosaic Virus(TMV)in Tobacco Seedbed Period[J]. Hans Journal of Agricultural Science,2018, 8(8):967-975.
[13]赵雪君,邓永杰,魏周玲,等.蔬菜中黄瓜花叶病毒的RTLAMP快速检测[J].园艺学报, 2016, 43(6):1203-1210.ZHAO Xuejun, DENG Yongjie, WEI Zhouling,et al. Development of a RT-LAMP Method for the Rapid Detection of Cucumber mosaic virus from Vegetables[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2016,43(6):1203-1210.
[14]刘世超,孙现超,许博文,等.一种快速检测土壤中病残体携带TMV方法:中国, 201510737364.2.[P] 2016-02-03[2018-05-04].http://www.soopat.com/Patent/201510737364.LIU Shichao, SUN Xianchao, XU Bowen, et al. A Fast Method to Measure the TMV ofResidues in Soil:China, 201510737364.2.[P] 2016-02-03[2018-05-04]. http://www.soopat.com/Patent/201510737364
[15]孙书娥,唐前君,刘勇,等. RNA沉默介导的转基因烟草抗中国番茄黄化曲叶病毒研究[J],农业生物技术学报, 2013, 21(5):530~536.SUN Shu, TANG Qian, LIU Yong, et al. RNA Silencing-mediated Resistance to Tomato yellow leaf curl China virus in Transgenic Tobacco Plants[J]. Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology, 2013,21(5):530~536.
[16]魏润洁.利用VIGS防控烟草马铃薯Y病毒的研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学, 2015.WEI Runjie. The Research for Preventing Potato Virus Y in Tobacco with VIGS[D]. Changsha:Hunan Agricultural University,2015.
[17]周佳民,巢进,朱三荣,等.一种阔叶十大功劳提取物及其制备方法和在抗烟草黑胫病中的应用:中国,201610383334.0[P].2016-10-12[2018-05-04].ZHOU Jiamin, CHAO Jin, ZHU Sanrong, et al. A Method of Their Pproduction and Use of Broadleaf Ten Merit Extract Against Tobacco Black hank:China, 201610383334.0[P]. 2016-10-12[2018-05-04].
[18]罗咏梅,周佳民,朱三荣,等.植物源药剂防治烟草黑胫病的研究进展[J].安徽农业科学, 2015, 43(27):105-107.LUO Yongmei, ZHOU Jiamin, ZHU Sanrong, et al. Research Progress of Botanical Pesticides to Control the Phytophthora parasitica var. nicatianae[J]. Journal of Anhui Agricuture Science,2015, 43(27):105-107.
[19]朱三荣,周佳民,巢进,等.抗烟草黑胫病植物源活性物质的筛选[J].江西农业学报, 2017, 29(4):63-68.ZHU Sanrong, ZHOU Jiamin, CHAO Jin, et al. Screening of Botanical Active Substances Resistant to Tobacco Black Shank[J].Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi, 2017, 29(4):63-68.
[20]程鹏.钩状木霉抑菌作用的比较基因组学和蛋白质组学研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学, 2015.CHENG Peng. Study on the bacteriostatic action comparative genomics and proteomics in Trichoderma hamatum[D]. Changsha:Hunan Agricultural University, 2015.
[21]朱宏建,周倩,高必达.放线菌株D35的分离鉴定及其抗植物病原真菌活性[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2009,35(2):138-141.ZHU Hongjian, ZHOU Qian, GAO Bida. Isolation, Identification and Anti-fungal Activity of an Actinomycete Strain D35[J]. Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences), 2009, 35(2):138-141.
[22]Chen Wu, Wang Yunsheng, Li Dingjun, et al. Draft Genome Sequence of Brevibacillus brevis Strain X23, a Biocontrol Agent against Bacterial Wilt[J]. Journal of Bacteriology, 2012, 194(23):6634-6635.
[23]Liu Qingshu, Shen Qiyao, Bian Xiaoying, et al.Simple and Rapid Direct Cloning and Heterologous Expression of Natural Product Biosynthetic Gene Cluster in Bacillus subtilis via Red/ET Recombineering[J]. Scientific Reports, 2016(6):1-10.
[24]湖南省烟草专卖局(公司)科技处.防治烟草青枯病的“XQ生防菌剂”研制与应用[J].中国烟草学报, 2016, 22(5):3.ScienceandTechnologyDepartmentofHunanTobacoo Corporation. Development and application of XQ biocontrol against tobacco bacterial wilt[J]. Chinese Tobacco Science, 2016,22(5):3.
[25]陈焘,周玮,李宏光,等.烟草野火病的发生及综合防治研究进展[J].基因组学与应用生物学, 2018, 37(1):469-476.CHENTao,ZHOU Wei,LI Hongguang,etal.Research Progress in Disease Occurrence and Integrated Control of Tobacco Wildfire[J]. Genomics and Applied Biology, 2018, 37(1):469-476.
[26]许琳.拮抗菌SZF2和SZF7的发酵及对烟草赤星病的防治研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学, 2006.XU Lin. Studies on Fermentation and Application of Antagonistic Streptomyces SZFZ and SZF7 Against Tobacco Brown Spot Disease[D].Changsha:Hunan Agricultural University,2006.
[27]曾维爱,李密,谭琳,等.长沙烟区烟草天敌昆虫物种多样性及其与主要害虫的消长规律[J].中国烟草科学, 2016, 37(5):63-67.ZENG Weiai, LI Mi, TAN Lin, et al. Species Diversity of Natural Enemy Insects and Population Dynamic of Main Pest Insects in Changsha Tobacco Areas[J]. Chinese Tobacco Science, 2016,37(5):63-67.
[28]曾维爱,谭琳,李密,等.烟草害虫天敌昆虫产品化现状及其产业化发展对策探讨[J].中国植保导刊, 2017, 37(3):69-73.ZENG Weiai, TAN Lin, LI Mi, et al. Situations and Countermeasure of Industrialization of Production for Tobacco Pest Natural Enemy Insects[J]. China Plant Protection, 2017, 37(3):69-73.
[29]曾维爱,李小一,邓正平,等.斜纹夜蛾核多角体病毒郴州株的形态学、基因组酶切图谱及生物活性测定[J].中国烟草科学,2010, 31(3):41-44.ZENG Weiai, LI Xiaoyi, DENG Zhengping,et al.Morphology,Genomic Restriction Endonuclease Analysis and Biological Activity Assay of Spodoptera litura nucleopolyhedrovirus Strain in Chenzhou[J]. Chinese Tobacco Science, 2010, 31(3):41-44.
[30]湖南省地方标准. DB43/T 1209-2016烟草病虫害绿色防控技术规程[S].长沙:湖南省质量技术监督局, 2016.Local standards of Hunan. DB43/T 1209-2016 Technical regulation for green control of tobacco diseases and pests[S]. Changsha:Hunan Provincial Bureau of quality and technical supervision,2016.
[2]TAN Lin, HU Qiulong, XIONG Xingyao, et al. Isolation and Characterization of a Novel 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic AcidDegrading Enterobacter sp. strain SE08[J]. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2013, 96(10):198-204.
[3]王彦亭,程多福.无公害烟叶生产技术探讨[J].烟草科技,2001(12):3-5.WANG Yanting, CHENG Duofu. Study on Production Technology of Non-Pollution Tobacco[J]. Tobacco Science&Technology,2001(12):3-5.
[4]窦玉青,刘新民,程森,等.论我国有机烟叶开发[J].中国烟草科学, 2012, 33(2):98-101.DOU Yuqing, LIU Xinmin, CHENG Sen, et al. Organic Tobacco Development in China[J]. Chinese Tobacco Science, 2012, 33(2):98-101.
[5]李义强.影响烟叶质量安全的外源因素及防控对策[J].中国烟草学报, 2013, 19(2):85-89.LI Yiqiang. External Factors Affecting Safety of Leaf Tobacco QualityandRelevantCounterMeasures[J].ChineseTobacco Science, 2013, 19(2):85-89.
[6]方敦煌,黄学跃,秦西云,等.云南烟草病虫害绿色防控实践与思考[J].中国植保导刊,2017,37(10):76-79.FANG Dunhuang, HUANG Xueyue. QIN Xiyun, et al. The Practice and the Reflection ofGreen Prevention and Control Technology of Tobacco Production in YuNnan[J]. China Plant Protection, 2017,37(10):76-79.
[7]宋瑞芳,夏阳,韦凤杰,等.绿色防控技术在我国烟叶生产中的应用[J].江西农业学报, 2017, 29(5):66-71.SONG Ruifang, XIA Yang, WEI Fengjie, et al. Application of Green Prevention and Control Technology in Tobacco Production in China[J]. Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi, 2017, 29(5):66-71.
[8]刘天波,曾维爱,唐前君,等.湖南烟区烟草病害种类及发生动态[J].河南农业科学, 2017, 46(10):92-98.LIU Tianbo,ZENG Weiai,TANGQianjun,etal.Speciesand Occurrence Dynamics of Tobacco Diseases in Hunan[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2017, 46(10):92-98.
[9]廖新光,鲁文安,朱晓湘.湖南烟草病害调查初报[J].湖南农业科学, 1990(6):29-31.LIAO Xinguagn, LU Wenan, ZHU Xiaoxiang. A Preliminary Survey of Tobacco Diseases in Hunan[J]. Hunan Agricultural Science, 1990(6):29-31.
[10]伍绍龙,周志成,彭曙光,等.湖南不同生态烟区主要虫害发生动态分析[J].河南农业科学, 2017, 46(12):80-84.WU Shaolong, ZHOU Zhicheng, PENG Shuguang, et al. Analysis of Major Pests Occurrence Dynamics in Different Ecological Tobacco Production Areas of Hunan[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2017, 46(12):80-84.
[11]王刚.我国烟草病虫害预测预报工作进展与展望[J].中国烟草科学, 2004,(1):44-46.WANG Gang. Advances and Outlook for Forecast Work of Tobacco Diseases and Insect Pests in China[J]. Chinese Tobacco Science,2004,(1):44-46.
[12]匡传富,刘世超,曾涛,等.烟草苗床期普通花叶病(TMV)组织印迹检测技术研究[J].农业科学, 2018, 8(8):967-975.KUANG Chuanfu, LIU Shichao, ZENG Tao, et al. Study on Tissue Blotting Detection Technology of Tobacco Mosaic Virus(TMV)in Tobacco Seedbed Period[J]. Hans Journal of Agricultural Science,2018, 8(8):967-975.
[13]赵雪君,邓永杰,魏周玲,等.蔬菜中黄瓜花叶病毒的RTLAMP快速检测[J].园艺学报, 2016, 43(6):1203-1210.ZHAO Xuejun, DENG Yongjie, WEI Zhouling,et al. Development of a RT-LAMP Method for the Rapid Detection of Cucumber mosaic virus from Vegetables[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2016,43(6):1203-1210.
[14]刘世超,孙现超,许博文,等.一种快速检测土壤中病残体携带TMV方法:中国, 201510737364.2.[P] 2016-02-03[2018-05-04].http://www.soopat.com/Patent/201510737364.LIU Shichao, SUN Xianchao, XU Bowen, et al. A Fast Method to Measure the TMV ofResidues in Soil:China, 201510737364.2.[P] 2016-02-03[2018-05-04]. http://www.soopat.com/Patent/201510737364
[15]孙书娥,唐前君,刘勇,等. RNA沉默介导的转基因烟草抗中国番茄黄化曲叶病毒研究[J],农业生物技术学报, 2013, 21(5):530~536.SUN Shu, TANG Qian, LIU Yong, et al. RNA Silencing-mediated Resistance to Tomato yellow leaf curl China virus in Transgenic Tobacco Plants[J]. Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology, 2013,21(5):530~536.
[16]魏润洁.利用VIGS防控烟草马铃薯Y病毒的研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学, 2015.WEI Runjie. The Research for Preventing Potato Virus Y in Tobacco with VIGS[D]. Changsha:Hunan Agricultural University,2015.
[17]周佳民,巢进,朱三荣,等.一种阔叶十大功劳提取物及其制备方法和在抗烟草黑胫病中的应用:中国,201610383334.0[P].2016-10-12[2018-05-04].ZHOU Jiamin, CHAO Jin, ZHU Sanrong, et al. A Method of Their Pproduction and Use of Broadleaf Ten Merit Extract Against Tobacco Black hank:China, 201610383334.0[P]. 2016-10-12[2018-05-04].
[18]罗咏梅,周佳民,朱三荣,等.植物源药剂防治烟草黑胫病的研究进展[J].安徽农业科学, 2015, 43(27):105-107.LUO Yongmei, ZHOU Jiamin, ZHU Sanrong, et al. Research Progress of Botanical Pesticides to Control the Phytophthora parasitica var. nicatianae[J]. Journal of Anhui Agricuture Science,2015, 43(27):105-107.
[19]朱三荣,周佳民,巢进,等.抗烟草黑胫病植物源活性物质的筛选[J].江西农业学报, 2017, 29(4):63-68.ZHU Sanrong, ZHOU Jiamin, CHAO Jin, et al. Screening of Botanical Active Substances Resistant to Tobacco Black Shank[J].Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi, 2017, 29(4):63-68.
[20]程鹏.钩状木霉抑菌作用的比较基因组学和蛋白质组学研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学, 2015.CHENG Peng. Study on the bacteriostatic action comparative genomics and proteomics in Trichoderma hamatum[D]. Changsha:Hunan Agricultural University, 2015.
[21]朱宏建,周倩,高必达.放线菌株D35的分离鉴定及其抗植物病原真菌活性[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2009,35(2):138-141.ZHU Hongjian, ZHOU Qian, GAO Bida. Isolation, Identification and Anti-fungal Activity of an Actinomycete Strain D35[J]. Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences), 2009, 35(2):138-141.
[22]Chen Wu, Wang Yunsheng, Li Dingjun, et al. Draft Genome Sequence of Brevibacillus brevis Strain X23, a Biocontrol Agent against Bacterial Wilt[J]. Journal of Bacteriology, 2012, 194(23):6634-6635.
[23]Liu Qingshu, Shen Qiyao, Bian Xiaoying, et al.Simple and Rapid Direct Cloning and Heterologous Expression of Natural Product Biosynthetic Gene Cluster in Bacillus subtilis via Red/ET Recombineering[J]. Scientific Reports, 2016(6):1-10.
[24]湖南省烟草专卖局(公司)科技处.防治烟草青枯病的“XQ生防菌剂”研制与应用[J].中国烟草学报, 2016, 22(5):3.ScienceandTechnologyDepartmentofHunanTobacoo Corporation. Development and application of XQ biocontrol against tobacco bacterial wilt[J]. Chinese Tobacco Science, 2016,22(5):3.
[25]陈焘,周玮,李宏光,等.烟草野火病的发生及综合防治研究进展[J].基因组学与应用生物学, 2018, 37(1):469-476.CHENTao,ZHOU Wei,LI Hongguang,etal.Research Progress in Disease Occurrence and Integrated Control of Tobacco Wildfire[J]. Genomics and Applied Biology, 2018, 37(1):469-476.
[26]许琳.拮抗菌SZF2和SZF7的发酵及对烟草赤星病的防治研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学, 2006.XU Lin. Studies on Fermentation and Application of Antagonistic Streptomyces SZFZ and SZF7 Against Tobacco Brown Spot Disease[D].Changsha:Hunan Agricultural University,2006.
[27]曾维爱,李密,谭琳,等.长沙烟区烟草天敌昆虫物种多样性及其与主要害虫的消长规律[J].中国烟草科学, 2016, 37(5):63-67.ZENG Weiai, LI Mi, TAN Lin, et al. Species Diversity of Natural Enemy Insects and Population Dynamic of Main Pest Insects in Changsha Tobacco Areas[J]. Chinese Tobacco Science, 2016,37(5):63-67.
[28]曾维爱,谭琳,李密,等.烟草害虫天敌昆虫产品化现状及其产业化发展对策探讨[J].中国植保导刊, 2017, 37(3):69-73.ZENG Weiai, TAN Lin, LI Mi, et al. Situations and Countermeasure of Industrialization of Production for Tobacco Pest Natural Enemy Insects[J]. China Plant Protection, 2017, 37(3):69-73.
[29]曾维爱,李小一,邓正平,等.斜纹夜蛾核多角体病毒郴州株的形态学、基因组酶切图谱及生物活性测定[J].中国烟草科学,2010, 31(3):41-44.ZENG Weiai, LI Xiaoyi, DENG Zhengping,et al.Morphology,Genomic Restriction Endonuclease Analysis and Biological Activity Assay of Spodoptera litura nucleopolyhedrovirus Strain in Chenzhou[J]. Chinese Tobacco Science, 2010, 31(3):41-44.
[30]湖南省地方标准. DB43/T 1209-2016烟草病虫害绿色防控技术规程[S].长沙:湖南省质量技术监督局, 2016.Local standards of Hunan. DB43/T 1209-2016 Technical regulation for green control of tobacco diseases and pests[S]. Changsha:Hunan Provincial Bureau of quality and technical supervision,2016.