鸭油过氧化值对肉仔鸡生长和屠宰性能、脏器指数及血浆抗氧化、免疫、抗体指标的影响
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摘要
本试验旨在探索鸭油过氧化值对肉仔鸡生长和屠宰性能、脏器指数及血浆抗氧化、免疫、抗体指标的影响。选择108只1日龄健康爱拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡,随机分为6组,每组3个重复,每个重复6只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,鸭油组分别在基础饲粮中添加3%过氧化值为3.8、17.0、30.0、43.0和56.0 meq/kg的鸭油。预试期7 d,正试期28 d。结果表明:1) 30.0、43.0和56.0 meq/kg鸭油组的平均日增重显著低于对照组(P<0.05),56.0 meq/kg鸭油组的料重比显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。2) 30.0、43.0和56.0 meq/kg鸭油组的脾脏、胸腺指数显著低于对照组(P<0.05),43.0和56.0 meq/kg鸭油组的肾脏指数和各段小肠厚度显著低于对照组(P<0.05),56.0 meq/kg鸭油组的肌胃指数指数显著低于对照组(P <0. 05)。3) 15和35日龄时,30.0、43.0和56.0 meq/kg鸭油组的血浆过氧化氢酶、羟自由基活性和总抗氧化能力显著低于对照组(P<0.05),血浆丙二醛含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05); 43.0和56.0 meq/kg鸭油组的血浆超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。4) 15日龄时,30.0、43.0和56.0 meq/kg鸭油组的血浆白细胞介素(IL)-4、IL-6、免疫球蛋白(Ig) A、IgG含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),43.0和56.0 meq/kg鸭油组的血浆干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)、IL-2、IgM含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。35日龄时,30.0、43.0和56.0 meq/kg鸭油组的血浆IL-2、IL-4、IL-6、IgA、IgG、IgM含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),43.0和56.0 meq/kg鸭油组的血浆IFN-γ含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。5) 15日龄时,30.0、43.0和56.0 meq/kg鸭油组的血浆传染性法氏囊病毒抗体(IBDV-Ab)、新城疫病毒抗体(NDV-Ab)水平显著低于对照组(P <0. 05),43. 0和56.0 meq/kg鸭油组的血浆H_9N_1禽流感病毒抗体(H_9N_1-Ab)水平显著低于对照组(P <0. 05)。35日龄时,43. 0和56. 0 meq/kg鸭油组的血浆IBDV-Ab、H_9N_1-Ab水平显著低于对照组(P <0.05),56.0 meq/kg鸭油组的血浆NDV-Ab水平显著低于对照组(P <0.05)。由此可见,高过氧化值鸭油能降低肉仔鸡的生长性能、抗氧化功能和免疫功能;饲粮中鸭油过氧化值应低于17.0 meq/kg。
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of peroxide value of duck oil on growth and slaughter performance,organ index and plasma antioxidant,immune,antibody index of broilers. A total of108 healthy one-day-old Arbor Acres (AA) broilers were randomly divided into 6 groups with 3 replicates per group and 6 broilers per replicate. Broilers in the control group were fed a basal diet,and others in duck oil groups were fed basal diets supplemented with 3% duck oil with 3.8,17.0,30.0,43.0 and 56.0 meq/kg peroxide values,respectively. The pre-experimental period lasted for 7 days,and the experimental period lasted for 28 days. The results showed as follows: 1) the average daily gain of 30.0,43.0 and 56.0 meq/kg duck oil groups was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05),the feed to gain ratio of 56.0 meq/kg duck oil groups was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). 2) The indexes of spleen,thymus of 30.0,43.0 and 56.0 meq/kg duck oil groups were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05),the kidney index and small intestine thickness of 43.0 and 56.0 meq/kg duck oil groups were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05),the gizzard index of 56.0 meq/kg duck oil group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). 3) On 15 and 35 days of age,the catalase,hydroxyl radicals activities and total antioxidant capacity in plasma of 30. 0,43. 0 and 56. 0 meq/kg duck oil groups were significantly lower than those of the control group (P < 0. 05),and the plasma malondialdehyde content was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05); the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in plasma of 43. 0 and 56. 0 meq/kg duck oil groups were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). 4) On 15 days of age,the contents of interleukin (IL)-4,IL-6,immunoglobulin (Ig) A and IgG in plasma of 30.0,43.0 and 56.0 meq/kg duck oil groups were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05),and the contents of interferon-γ (IFN-γ),IL-2 and IgM in plasma of 43.0 and 56.0 meq/kg duck oil groups were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05).On 35 days of age,the contents of IL-2,IL-4,IL-6,IgA,IgG and IgM in plasma of 30. 0,43. 0 and56.0 meq/kg duck oil groups were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05),and the plasma IFN-γ content of 43. 0 and 56. 0 meq/kg duck oil groups was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). 5) On 15 days of age,the levels of infectious bursal disease virus antibody (IBDV-Ab) and newcastle disease virus antibody (NDV-Ab) in plasma of 30.0,43.0 and 56.0 meq/kg duck oil groups were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05),and the plasma H_9N_1 avian influenza virus antibody (H_9N_1-Ab) level of 43.0 and 56.0 meq/kg duck oil groups was significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0. 05). On 35 days of age,the levels of IBDV-Ab and H_9N_1-Ab in plasma of 43. 0 and 56.0 meq/kg duck oil groups were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05),and the plasma NDV-Ab level of 56.0 meq/kg duck oil group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P <0.05). It is concluded that high peroxide value of duck oil can decrease the growth performance,antioxidant function and immune function of broilers. The peroxide value of duck oil in diet should not be higher than 17.0 meq/kg.
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of peroxide value of duck oil on growth and slaughter performance,organ index and plasma antioxidant,immune,antibody index of broilers. A total of108 healthy one-day-old Arbor Acres (AA) broilers were randomly divided into 6 groups with 3 replicates per group and 6 broilers per replicate. Broilers in the control group were fed a basal diet,and others in duck oil groups were fed basal diets supplemented with 3% duck oil with 3.8,17.0,30.0,43.0 and 56.0 meq/kg peroxide values,respectively. The pre-experimental period lasted for 7 days,and the experimental period lasted for 28 days. The results showed as follows: 1) the average daily gain of 30.0,43.0 and 56.0 meq/kg duck oil groups was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05),the feed to gain ratio of 56.0 meq/kg duck oil groups was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). 2) The indexes of spleen,thymus of 30.0,43.0 and 56.0 meq/kg duck oil groups were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05),the kidney index and small intestine thickness of 43.0 and 56.0 meq/kg duck oil groups were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05),the gizzard index of 56.0 meq/kg duck oil group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). 3) On 15 and 35 days of age,the catalase,hydroxyl radicals activities and total antioxidant capacity in plasma of 30. 0,43. 0 and 56. 0 meq/kg duck oil groups were significantly lower than those of the control group (P < 0. 05),and the plasma malondialdehyde content was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05); the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in plasma of 43. 0 and 56. 0 meq/kg duck oil groups were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). 4) On 15 days of age,the contents of interleukin (IL)-4,IL-6,immunoglobulin (Ig) A and IgG in plasma of 30.0,43.0 and 56.0 meq/kg duck oil groups were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05),and the contents of interferon-γ (IFN-γ),IL-2 and IgM in plasma of 43.0 and 56.0 meq/kg duck oil groups were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05).On 35 days of age,the contents of IL-2,IL-4,IL-6,IgA,IgG and IgM in plasma of 30. 0,43. 0 and56.0 meq/kg duck oil groups were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05),and the plasma IFN-γ content of 43. 0 and 56. 0 meq/kg duck oil groups was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). 5) On 15 days of age,the levels of infectious bursal disease virus antibody (IBDV-Ab) and newcastle disease virus antibody (NDV-Ab) in plasma of 30.0,43.0 and 56.0 meq/kg duck oil groups were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05),and the plasma H_9N_1 avian influenza virus antibody (H_9N_1-Ab) level of 43.0 and 56.0 meq/kg duck oil groups was significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0. 05). On 35 days of age,the levels of IBDV-Ab and H_9N_1-Ab in plasma of 43. 0 and 56.0 meq/kg duck oil groups were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05),and the plasma NDV-Ab level of 56.0 meq/kg duck oil group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P <0.05). It is concluded that high peroxide value of duck oil can decrease the growth performance,antioxidant function and immune function of broilers. The peroxide value of duck oil in diet should not be higher than 17.0 meq/kg.
引文
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[3]李珂,王晓晓,万乃宝,等.肉仔鸡饲用猪油、豆油和鸭油的营养价值评定[C]//中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会全国动物营养学术研讨会.北京:中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会,2012.
[4]朱立,陈代文,余冰,等.鸭油对生长肥育猪生产性能、胴体性状和肉品质的影响[C]//中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会中国饲料营养学术研讨会.北京:中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会,2014.
[5]赵剑,孙得发,边四辈,等.轻度氧化油脂对肉仔鸡生长性能、脏器指数和肠道形态的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2018,54(2):76-79.
[6]SU G Q,ZHAO J M,LUO G B,et al.Effects of oil quality and antioxidant supplementation on sow performance,milk composition and oxidative status in serum and placenta[J].Lipids in Health and Disease,2017,16(1):107.
[7]LIANG F F,JIANG S Q,MO Y,et al.Consumption of oxidized soybean oil increased intestinal oxidative stress and affected intestinal immune variables in yellow-feathered broilers[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2015,28(8):1194-1201.
[8]任泽林,陈义林,霍启光.氧化鱼油对鲤鱼(Cyprinus carpio)肉质的影响[J].饲料广角,2004(19):37-40.
[9]卓丽欣,赵红霞,黄燕华,等.氧化鱼油对黄颡鱼生长性能和抗氧化指标的影响及精氨酸的干预作用[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(1):147-157.
[10]林秀秀,叶元土,蔡春芳,等.饲料氧化鱼油对草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)肠道谷胱甘肽/谷胱甘肽转移酶通路基因表达活性的影响[J].中国粮油学报,2016,31(9):106-112,125.
[2]张红娟,刘玉梅,刘海燕,等.油脂氧化对水产动物的危害及其预防对策[J].饲料研究,2013(7):68-71.
[3]李珂,王晓晓,万乃宝,等.肉仔鸡饲用猪油、豆油和鸭油的营养价值评定[C]//中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会全国动物营养学术研讨会.北京:中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会,2012.
[4]朱立,陈代文,余冰,等.鸭油对生长肥育猪生产性能、胴体性状和肉品质的影响[C]//中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会中国饲料营养学术研讨会.北京:中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会,2014.
[5]赵剑,孙得发,边四辈,等.轻度氧化油脂对肉仔鸡生长性能、脏器指数和肠道形态的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2018,54(2):76-79.
[6]SU G Q,ZHAO J M,LUO G B,et al.Effects of oil quality and antioxidant supplementation on sow performance,milk composition and oxidative status in serum and placenta[J].Lipids in Health and Disease,2017,16(1):107.
[7]LIANG F F,JIANG S Q,MO Y,et al.Consumption of oxidized soybean oil increased intestinal oxidative stress and affected intestinal immune variables in yellow-feathered broilers[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2015,28(8):1194-1201.
[8]任泽林,陈义林,霍启光.氧化鱼油对鲤鱼(Cyprinus carpio)肉质的影响[J].饲料广角,2004(19):37-40.
[9]卓丽欣,赵红霞,黄燕华,等.氧化鱼油对黄颡鱼生长性能和抗氧化指标的影响及精氨酸的干预作用[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(1):147-157.
[10]林秀秀,叶元土,蔡春芳,等.饲料氧化鱼油对草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)肠道谷胱甘肽/谷胱甘肽转移酶通路基因表达活性的影响[J].中国粮油学报,2016,31(9):106-112,125.