人工智能生成物的著作权保护可行性研究
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摘要
以数据信息的发展和应用为主要特点的大数据时代,人工智能技术进步日新月异。人工智能生成物作为人工智能与大数据结合的产物,其产生过程依赖于自身的自主决策且经济价值和社会影响巨大。本文从赋予人工智能生成物著作权保护的角度,对其存在的主体非法定、独创性标准认定不明以及容易导致"反公地悲剧"等问题进行分析;进而从劳动价值论和功利主义论以及我国现行的《著作权法》规定等视角,论证其享有排他性著作权保护的正当性和合理性;最终为人工智能生成物的充分保护和有效利用提供理论依据。
The era of big data, which is characterized by the development and application of data and information, has made progress in artificial intelligence technology with each passing day. The artificial intelligence products are the products of the combination of artificial intelligence and big data. Their production process depends on their own autonomous decisions, which have great enormous economic value and social impact. From the perspective of granting copyright protection to artificial intelligence products, this article starts from analyzing the risks of illegality and originality standards of the existence over the subjects under the Copyright Law, then explaining the risks of "tragedy of the common land". Secondly, it is trying to justify that the artificial intelligence products enjoy the protection of exclusive copyright,under the support of labor theory of value and utilitarianism and the provisions of China's current Copyright Law. Finally, a feasibility system based on "artificial intelligence user" was established to provide a theoretical basis for the full protection and effective use of artificial intelligence products.
The era of big data, which is characterized by the development and application of data and information, has made progress in artificial intelligence technology with each passing day. The artificial intelligence products are the products of the combination of artificial intelligence and big data. Their production process depends on their own autonomous decisions, which have great enormous economic value and social impact. From the perspective of granting copyright protection to artificial intelligence products, this article starts from analyzing the risks of illegality and originality standards of the existence over the subjects under the Copyright Law, then explaining the risks of "tragedy of the common land". Secondly, it is trying to justify that the artificial intelligence products enjoy the protection of exclusive copyright,under the support of labor theory of value and utilitarianism and the provisions of China's current Copyright Law. Finally, a feasibility system based on "artificial intelligence user" was established to provide a theoretical basis for the full protection and effective use of artificial intelligence products.
引文
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[15]何哲.通向人工智能时代:兼论美国人工智能战略方向及对中国人工智能战略的借鉴[J].电子政务,2016(12):2-10
[16]冯晓青.知识产权侵权归责原则之探讨[J].江淮论坛,2011(2):87-94+193
[2]Russell S,Norvig P.Artificial Intelligence.A modern approach,3rded(Pearson 2014),at 1-2
[3]Ricketson S.“People or Machines”.16 Columbia VLA Journal of Law&the Arts 1991-1992;11:21-22
[4]Quaedvlieg A.“Authorship and Ownership:Authors,Entrepreneurs and Rights”,in T.E.Synodinou(ed.),Codification of European Copyright Law.Challenges and Perspectives(Kluwer Law International,2012),197-239at 207
[5]范长军译.德国著作权法(德国著作权与邻接权法)[M].北京:知识产权出版社,2013:8
[6]百度百科.“反公地悲剧”[OL].[2018-10-10].https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E5%8F%8D%E5%85%AC%E5%9C%B0%E6%82%B2%E5%89%A7/596451?fr=aladdin.
[7]作为传媒人,不能不知道的行业巨变|传媒机器人[OL].[2018-01-23].http://www.sohu.com/a/212653394_99906153
[8]新浪新闻中心.“人工智能创作文章遭擅用惹纠纷,AI文章著作权归谁”[OL].[2018-02-06].http://news.sina.com.cn/s/2018-12-05/doc-ihmutuec6268830.shtml
[9]洛克著;叶启芳,瞿菊农译.政府论(下篇)[M].北京:商务印书馆,1964:19
[10]朱谢群.知识产权的法理基础[J].知识产权,2004(5):3-8
[11]理查德·A·波斯纳著;蒋兆康译.法律的经济分析(上)[M].北京:中国大百科全书出版社,1997:40-41
[12]王泽鉴.人格权法[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2013:35
[13]马晓晴,黄小妹.“机器人‘薇薇’可作诗25首,水平未能超越人类”[OL].[2018-09-05].http://cul.china.com.cn/2016-03/23/content_8658055.htm
[14]王凤娟,刘振.著作权法中思想与表达二分法之合并原则及其适用[J].知识产权,2017(1):87-92
[15]何哲.通向人工智能时代:兼论美国人工智能战略方向及对中国人工智能战略的借鉴[J].电子政务,2016(12):2-10
[16]冯晓青.知识产权侵权归责原则之探讨[J].江淮论坛,2011(2):87-94+193