农村职业教育价值取向:反思、诉求与应有定位
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摘要
一直以来,农村职业教育主流价值取向包括"为农""离农"和"城乡兼顾"这三个方面,而农村职业教育的实践也是按照这这种价值取向推进的。实际上,"为农"价值取向忽视了学习者的个体发展,"离农"价值取向忽视了农村社会的发展,"城乡兼顾"价值取向本质上还是一种"离农"设计。农村职业教育价值取向应该保持一种动态的变化,按照农民个体需求和农村社会发展需求进行动态调整。随着乡村振兴战略的实施,农民个体发展、农村产业发展以及农村生态重构均需要技术技能培训和大量的人才支持。基于此,农村职业教育价值取向应该坚持生计、生活和生态取向的结合。
The mainstream value orientation of rural vocational education has always includes three aspects:"for agriculture""out of agriculture"and"urban and rural care", and the practice of rural vocational education is also promoted according to this value orientation. In fact, the value orientation of"for agriculture"neglects the individual development of learners. The value orientation of "out of agriculture"ignores the development of rural society. The value orientation of"urban and rural consideration"is essentially a kind of"out of agriculture"design. The value orientation of rural vocational education should maintain dynamic change, and adjust dynamically according to the individual needs of farmers and the needs of rural social development. With the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy, individual development of farmers, development of rural industries and reconstruction of rural ecology require technical skills training and a large number of talent support. Based on this, the value orientation of rural vocational education should adhere to the combination of livelihood, life and ecological orientation.
The mainstream value orientation of rural vocational education has always includes three aspects:"for agriculture""out of agriculture"and"urban and rural care", and the practice of rural vocational education is also promoted according to this value orientation. In fact, the value orientation of"for agriculture"neglects the individual development of learners. The value orientation of "out of agriculture"ignores the development of rural society. The value orientation of"urban and rural consideration"is essentially a kind of"out of agriculture"design. The value orientation of rural vocational education should maintain dynamic change, and adjust dynamically according to the individual needs of farmers and the needs of rural social development. With the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy, individual development of farmers, development of rural industries and reconstruction of rural ecology require technical skills training and a large number of talent support. Based on this, the value orientation of rural vocational education should adhere to the combination of livelihood, life and ecological orientation.
引文
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[16]程洁.乡村振兴战略下高职院校培育乡村工匠的路径与保障[J].中国职业技术教育,2019(3):74-78.
[17]金鑫.美丽乡村建设背景下的传统文化保护[J].重庆社会科学,2018(6):70-77.
[2]马建富.乡村振兴战略实现的职业教育机会与应对策略[J].中国职业技术教育,2018(18):6-12.
[3]曹晔.农村职业教育的价值取向:“离农”还是“为农”--基于历史变迁视角的考察[J].职教通讯,2012(1):26-32.
[4]付先全.乡村振兴战略实施与农村职业教育发展的思考[J].职业技术教育,2018(21):28-32.
[5]金军.农村职业教育“向农”与“离农”的选择悖论治理[J].教育与职业,2014(17):5-8.
[6]卢峰.城镇化进程中农村职业教育的新定位及其实施策略[J].中国职业技术教育,2018(21):53-59.
[7]黄炎培.中华职业教育社宣言·中国近代教育文选[M].北京:人民教育出版社,1983:387.
[8]梁漱溟.梁漱溟全集(第五卷)[M].济南:山东人民出版社,1992:597.
[9]马建富,郭耿玉.乡村振兴战略背景下农村职业教育培训的功能定位及支持策略[J].职教论坛,2018(10):20-26.
[10]舒尔茨.改造传统农业[M].北京:商务印书馆,1999:129.
[11]舒尔茨.论人力资本投资[M].北京:北京经济学院出版社,1990:44.
[12]门豪.中国淘宝村:实践及可能--农民组织化、就地城镇化与产业集群化[J].安徽行政学院学报,2018(2):99-104.
[13]卢海阳,李祖娴.农民工人力资本现状分析与政策建议--基于福建省1476个农民工的调查[J].中国农村观察,2018(1):111-126.
[14]黄炎培.黄炎培教育文集(第二卷)[M].北京:北京文史出版社,1994:182.
[15]陶行知.陶行知教育文集[M].成都:四川教育出版社,2005:210.
[16]程洁.乡村振兴战略下高职院校培育乡村工匠的路径与保障[J].中国职业技术教育,2019(3):74-78.
[17]金鑫.美丽乡村建设背景下的传统文化保护[J].重庆社会科学,2018(6):70-77.