棉花抗旱相关指标综合评价及灰色关联分析
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摘要
以30份棉花资源为材料,在大田对棉花花铃期进行干旱胁迫,于胁迫第10天测定光合指标,并分别取样测定叶片丙二醛(MDA)、叶绿素(Chl a+b)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、脯氨酸(Pro)等的变化,吐絮后测定农艺性状;同时采用抗旱系数、抗旱指数、灰色关联分析等相结合的方法,对棉花的抗旱性进行综合评价。根据抗旱性度量值(D值)聚类分析结果,将30份材料聚类为4个类型,高抗旱型品种有贝尔斯诺、川98、库克C310-5100、KK1543、中R2015;中等抗旱型品种有新陆早49、新陆中8号、中R773-1等13个品种;抗旱型品种有新陆早47、辽18、富依德998等8个品种;干旱敏感型品种有军棉1号、中R2009、新陆早26、新陆中58。通过灰色关联分析,16个指标与D值的紧密程度依次为有效铃数、总铃数、有效果枝数、Gs、Tr、果枝数、MDA、叶绿素总量、Pn、叶绿素b、株高、WUE、叶绿素a、Pro、Ci、SOD。在受到干旱胁迫时,棉花农艺性状表型指标敏感,同时MDA、叶绿素总量这2个指标反应较其它生理生化指标敏感,蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)、净光合速率(Pn)相对其它光合指标较敏感。
By conducting field water stress on 30 cotton varieties during the flowering and boll stages,we determined photosynthesis indexes in the 10 th of stress and took samples to determine malondialdehyde( MDA),chlorophyll( a,b,a + b),superoxide dismutase( SOD),proline( Pro),and the major agronomic indexes. The drought tolerance of cotton was comprehensively evaluated by combining drought-tolerance indexes,drought tolerance coefficient,and grey correlation analysis. According to drought tolerance metric( D value),the 30 tested varieties were categorized as 4 groups including high drought tolerance( Beiersinuo,Chuan 98,Kuke C310-5100,KK1543,Zhong R2015),moderate drought-tolerance( 13 varieties including Xinluzao 49,Xinluzhong 8,and Zhong R773-1),low drought-tolerance( 8 varieties including Xinluzao 47,Liao 18,and Fuyide 998),and sensitive drought-tolerance( Junmian1,Zhong R2009,Xinluzao 26,and Xinluzhong 58). Through the gray relational analysis of 16 indexes and D values,correlation of the indexes to the D values were ranked as effective number of bolls>total number of bolls>effective number of boll branches >Gs>Tr> number of boll branches>MDA>total chlorophyll>Pn>chlorophyll b >plant height > WUE > chlorophyll a > Pro > Ci > SOD. Under drought stress,the cotton agronomic phenotypic indexes were very sensitive. Meanwhile,MDA and total chlorophyll both were more sensitive than other physiological and biochemical indicators and transpiration rate( Tr),stomatal conductance( Gs),and net photosynthetic rate( Pn) were more sensitive than other photosynthetic index. According to the comprehensive drought resistance index,cluster analysis,gray correlation and soon,we comprehensively evaluated the drought resistance of 30 materials.
By conducting field water stress on 30 cotton varieties during the flowering and boll stages,we determined photosynthesis indexes in the 10 th of stress and took samples to determine malondialdehyde( MDA),chlorophyll( a,b,a + b),superoxide dismutase( SOD),proline( Pro),and the major agronomic indexes. The drought tolerance of cotton was comprehensively evaluated by combining drought-tolerance indexes,drought tolerance coefficient,and grey correlation analysis. According to drought tolerance metric( D value),the 30 tested varieties were categorized as 4 groups including high drought tolerance( Beiersinuo,Chuan 98,Kuke C310-5100,KK1543,Zhong R2015),moderate drought-tolerance( 13 varieties including Xinluzao 49,Xinluzhong 8,and Zhong R773-1),low drought-tolerance( 8 varieties including Xinluzao 47,Liao 18,and Fuyide 998),and sensitive drought-tolerance( Junmian1,Zhong R2009,Xinluzao 26,and Xinluzhong 58). Through the gray relational analysis of 16 indexes and D values,correlation of the indexes to the D values were ranked as effective number of bolls>total number of bolls>effective number of boll branches >Gs>Tr> number of boll branches>MDA>total chlorophyll>Pn>chlorophyll b >plant height > WUE > chlorophyll a > Pro > Ci > SOD. Under drought stress,the cotton agronomic phenotypic indexes were very sensitive. Meanwhile,MDA and total chlorophyll both were more sensitive than other physiological and biochemical indicators and transpiration rate( Tr),stomatal conductance( Gs),and net photosynthetic rate( Pn) were more sensitive than other photosynthetic index. According to the comprehensive drought resistance index,cluster analysis,gray correlation and soon,we comprehensively evaluated the drought resistance of 30 materials.
引文
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[18]陈玉梁,石有太,罗俊杰,等.干旱胁迫对彩色棉花农艺、品质性状及水分利用效率的影响[J].作物学报,2013,39(11):2074-2082.
[19]孟庆立,关周博,冯佰利,等.谷子抗旱相关性状的主成分与模糊聚类分析[J].中国农业科学,2009,42(8):2667-2675.
[20]王树刚,王振林,王平,等.不同小麦品种对低温胁迫的反应及抗冻性评价[J].生态学报,2011,31(4):1064-1072.
[21]王军,周美学,许如根,等.大麦耐湿性鉴定指标和评价方法研究[J].中国农业科学,2007,40(10):2145-2152.
[22]相昆,张美勇,徐颖,等.不同核桃品种耐寒特性综合评价[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(9):2325-2330.
[23]王士强,胡银岗,佘奎军,等.小麦抗旱相关农艺性状和生理生化性状的灰色关联度分析[J].中国农业科学,2007,40(11):2452-2459.
[24]李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000.
[25]刘光辉,陈全家,吴鹏昊,等.棉花花铃期抗旱性综合评价及指标筛选[J].植物遗传资源学报,2016,17(1):53-62.
[26]鲁守平,孙群,洪露,等.不同种源地乌拉尔甘草发芽期抗旱性鉴定[J].植物遗传资源学报,2007,8(2):189-194.
[27]兰巨生.农作物综合抗旱性评价方法的研究[J].西北农业学报,1998,7(3):85-87.
[28]尹利,逯晓萍,傅晓峰,等.高丹草杂交种灰色关联分析与评判[J].中国草地学报,2006,28(3):21-25.
[29]周晓果,张正斌,徐萍.小麦主要育种目标的灰色系统方法探讨[J].农业系统科学与综合研究,2005,21(2):81-84.
[30]宋凤斌,徐世昌.玉米抗旱性鉴定指标的研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2004,12(1):127-129.
[31]冯方剑,宋敏,陈全家,等.棉花苗期抗旱相关指标的主成分分析及综合评价[J].新疆农业大学学报,2011,34(3):211-217.
[32]鲁雪林,王秀萍,张国新.旱稻抗旱性评价指标研究[J].中国农学通报,2006,22(1):124-126.
[2]祁旭升,王兴荣,许军,等.胡麻种质资源成株期抗旱性评价[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(15):3076-3087.
[3] Kamoshita A,Babu R C,Boopathi N M,et al. Phenotypic andgenotypic analysis of drought-resistance traits for development ofrice cultivars adapted to rainfed environments[J]. Field Crops Re-search,2008,109(1-3):1-23.
[4]武斌,李新海,肖木辑,等.53份玉米自交系的苗期耐旱性分析[J].中国农业科学,2007,40(4):665-676.
[5] Dmytro K,Barry A L,Randy D A,et al. Effect of chloroplastic o-verproduction of ascorbate peroxidase on photosynthesis and photo-protection in cotton leaves subjected to low temperature photoinhi-bition[J]. Plant Science,2003,165(5):1033-1041.
[6] Allen D J,Ort D R. Impact of chilling temperatures on photosyn-thesis in warm climate plants[J]. Trends in Plant Science,2001,6(1):36-42.
[7]梁芳,郑成淑,孙宪芝,等.低温弱光胁迫及恢复对切花菊光合作用和叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(1):29-35.
[8]郭新正.新疆北疆棉花苗期冻伤对产量的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2005,23(3):105-107.
[9] Hura T,Hura K,Grzesiak S.Physiological and biochemical parame-ters for identification of QTLs controlling the winter triticaledrought tolerance at the seedling stage[J]. Plant Physiology andBiochemistry,2009,47(3):210-214.
[10]王贺正,马均,李旭毅,等.水稻开花期一些生理生化特性与品种抗旱性的关系[J].中国农业科学,2007,40(2):399-404.
[11]俞希根,孙景生,肖俊夫,等.棉花适宜土壤水分下限和干旱指标研究[J].棉花学报,1999,11(1):35-38.
[12]南建福,刘恩科,王计平,等.苗期干旱和施肥对棉花生长发育的影响[J].棉花学报,2005,17(6):339-342.
[13] Sepakhah A R,Kanooi A,Ghasemi M M.Estimating water table-contribution to corn and sorghum water use[J].Agricultural WaterManagement,2003,58(1):67-79.
[14]杜传莉,黄国勤.棉花主要抗旱鉴定指标研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(9):17-20.
[15]赵都利,许玉璋,许萱.花铃期缺水对棉花干物质积累和用水效率的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,1992,10(3):7-10.
[16]李少昆,肖璐,黄文华.不同时期干旱胁迫对棉花生长和产量的影响Ⅱ棉花生长发育及生理特性的变化[J].石河子大学学报(自然科学版),1999,3(4):259-264.
[17]蔡红涛,汤一卒,刁品春,等.棉花花铃期土壤持续干旱胁迫对产量形成的调节效应[J].棉花学报,2008,20(4):300-305.
[18]陈玉梁,石有太,罗俊杰,等.干旱胁迫对彩色棉花农艺、品质性状及水分利用效率的影响[J].作物学报,2013,39(11):2074-2082.
[19]孟庆立,关周博,冯佰利,等.谷子抗旱相关性状的主成分与模糊聚类分析[J].中国农业科学,2009,42(8):2667-2675.
[20]王树刚,王振林,王平,等.不同小麦品种对低温胁迫的反应及抗冻性评价[J].生态学报,2011,31(4):1064-1072.
[21]王军,周美学,许如根,等.大麦耐湿性鉴定指标和评价方法研究[J].中国农业科学,2007,40(10):2145-2152.
[22]相昆,张美勇,徐颖,等.不同核桃品种耐寒特性综合评价[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(9):2325-2330.
[23]王士强,胡银岗,佘奎军,等.小麦抗旱相关农艺性状和生理生化性状的灰色关联度分析[J].中国农业科学,2007,40(11):2452-2459.
[24]李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000.
[25]刘光辉,陈全家,吴鹏昊,等.棉花花铃期抗旱性综合评价及指标筛选[J].植物遗传资源学报,2016,17(1):53-62.
[26]鲁守平,孙群,洪露,等.不同种源地乌拉尔甘草发芽期抗旱性鉴定[J].植物遗传资源学报,2007,8(2):189-194.
[27]兰巨生.农作物综合抗旱性评价方法的研究[J].西北农业学报,1998,7(3):85-87.
[28]尹利,逯晓萍,傅晓峰,等.高丹草杂交种灰色关联分析与评判[J].中国草地学报,2006,28(3):21-25.
[29]周晓果,张正斌,徐萍.小麦主要育种目标的灰色系统方法探讨[J].农业系统科学与综合研究,2005,21(2):81-84.
[30]宋凤斌,徐世昌.玉米抗旱性鉴定指标的研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2004,12(1):127-129.
[31]冯方剑,宋敏,陈全家,等.棉花苗期抗旱相关指标的主成分分析及综合评价[J].新疆农业大学学报,2011,34(3):211-217.
[32]鲁雪林,王秀萍,张国新.旱稻抗旱性评价指标研究[J].中国农学通报,2006,22(1):124-126.