不同坡位对格木生长影响与嫁接成活的相关性分析
|
摘要
格木为广西乡土珍贵树种,其天然林资源已遭受严重破坏,但对格木人工造林和野生资源保护的研究还十分有限。通过对格木试验林样地调查和嫁接试验,研究坡位对造林3年的格木生长影响和格木嫁接成活的相关性分析。结果表明:1)不同坡位格木长势存在极显著差异,其中下坡的地径、树高、冠幅长势最好,其次为中坡,上坡的长势最差;不同坡位对格木的枝条生长也有极显著的影响,一级分枝数、枝条长度、枝条粗度、枝条角度均表现为下坡>中坡>上坡;3年生格木下坡和中坡的林分开始郁闭;格木的自然整枝能力差,用材造林需要为其人工修枝。2)Pearson相关性分析表明除枝下高外,地径、树高、冠幅、一级分枝数量等生长指标之间存在显著的协同促进的作用。3)Pearson相关性分析表明格木嫁接时,(砧木粗度在11.29～50.79 mm,接穗粗度在3.84～13.00 mm,接穗长度在24.64～94.68 mm,嫁接高度在16.00～50.00 cm)选择的砧木和穗条越粗壮,成活率越高;砧木越粗,萌芽长度生长越快;接穗越长,则穗条萌芽越粗,叶子越多。而嫁接高度对嫁接成活没有影响。本研究为格木人工林营建和通过收集野生格木种质资源嫁接保存保护提供理论及实践依据。
Erythrophleum fordii is a precious native tree species in Guangxi, its natural forest resources have been seriously damaged, but the research on artificial afforestation and wild resources protection of Erythrophleum fordii is very limited. The influence of slope position to the of three-year-old Erythrophleum fordii growth and the Correlation analysis of graft survival of Erythrophleum fordii was study by sample-plot survey and grafting test. The results showed that: 1) there was very significant differences in the growth of ground diameter, tree height, and crown of Erythrophleum fordii in different slope positions, the downhill growth is the best, followed by the middle slope, and the uphill growth is the worst. Different slope positions also had significant effects on branches, the first grade branch number, branch length, branch thickness and branch angle all showed downhill > middle slope > upslope. The three-year-old Erythrophleum fordii on downhill and the middle slope began to be closed, and the natural pruning ability of the Erythrophleum fordii is poor, it needs to be artificially pruned for it; 2) Pearson correlation analysis shows that in addition to the height of branches, there was a significant synergistic effect between growth indices such as ground diameter, tree height, crown breadth and first grade branches; 3) Pearson correlation analysis shows that, when grafting of Erythrophleum fordii,(Rootstock diameter is 11.29-50.79 mm, scion diameter is 3.84-13.00 mm, scion length is 24.64-94.68 mm and grafting height is 16.00-50.00 cm) the more thicker the rootstock and spike, the higher the survival rate, the thicker the rootstock, the faster the bud growth, the longer the scion, the thicker the bud, and the more leaves. The grafting height had no effect on graft survival. This study provides theoretical and practical basis for Erythrophleum fordii plantation construction and conservation by collecting wild grid wood germplasm resources for grafting.
Erythrophleum fordii is a precious native tree species in Guangxi, its natural forest resources have been seriously damaged, but the research on artificial afforestation and wild resources protection of Erythrophleum fordii is very limited. The influence of slope position to the of three-year-old Erythrophleum fordii growth and the Correlation analysis of graft survival of Erythrophleum fordii was study by sample-plot survey and grafting test. The results showed that: 1) there was very significant differences in the growth of ground diameter, tree height, and crown of Erythrophleum fordii in different slope positions, the downhill growth is the best, followed by the middle slope, and the uphill growth is the worst. Different slope positions also had significant effects on branches, the first grade branch number, branch length, branch thickness and branch angle all showed downhill > middle slope > upslope. The three-year-old Erythrophleum fordii on downhill and the middle slope began to be closed, and the natural pruning ability of the Erythrophleum fordii is poor, it needs to be artificially pruned for it; 2) Pearson correlation analysis shows that in addition to the height of branches, there was a significant synergistic effect between growth indices such as ground diameter, tree height, crown breadth and first grade branches; 3) Pearson correlation analysis shows that, when grafting of Erythrophleum fordii,(Rootstock diameter is 11.29-50.79 mm, scion diameter is 3.84-13.00 mm, scion length is 24.64-94.68 mm and grafting height is 16.00-50.00 cm) the more thicker the rootstock and spike, the higher the survival rate, the thicker the rootstock, the faster the bud growth, the longer the scion, the thicker the bud, and the more leaves. The grafting height had no effect on graft survival. This study provides theoretical and practical basis for Erythrophleum fordii plantation construction and conservation by collecting wild grid wood germplasm resources for grafting.
引文
[1]中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会编.中国植物志(第39卷)[M].北京:科学出版社,1988:117.
[2]谭长强,唐春红,温立珑,等.格木和降香黄檀幼林表层土壤性质变化特征[J].广西林业科学,2017,46(4):422-424.
[3]易伟坚,张海东,叶绍明,等.光强对格木幼苗生长及光合特性的影响[J].南方林业科学,2018,46(1):29-32,37.
[4]赵志刚,郭俊杰,曾杰,等.广西大明山格木种群的空间分布格局与数量动态特征[J].林业科学,2014,50(10):1-7.
[5]杨保国,刘士玲,郝建,等.珍贵树种格木研究进展[J].广西林业科学,2017,46(2):165-170.
[6]汪松,解焱.中国物种红色名录:第1卷[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2002:344-344.
[7]明安刚,刘世荣,农友,等.南亚热带3种阔叶树种人工幼龄纯林及其混交林碳贮量比较[J].生态学报,2015,35(1):180-188.
[8]罗达,史作民,王卫霞,等.南亚热带格木、马尾松幼龄人工纯林及其混交林生态系统碳氮储量[J].生态学报,2015,35(18):6051-6059.
[9]明安刚,贾宏炎,田祖为,等.不同林龄格木人工林碳储量及其分配特征[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(4):940-946.
[10]王卫霞,史作民,罗达,等.我国南亚热带几种人工林生态系统碳氮储量[J].生态学报,2013,33(3):925-933.
[11]李忠华,刘庆云,许俊萍,等.施肥对格木苗木生长的影响试验[J].林业调查规划,2016,41(3):92-95.
[12]刘昆成.三种植物生长调节剂对格木幼苗生长及生理特性的影响[D].南宁:广西大学,2013.
[13]周维.氮磷钾配比施肥对格木幼苗生长及光合特性影响的研究[D].南宁:广西大学,2016.
[14]刘萍.酸铝胁迫下一氧化氮对格木幼苗生长生理的缓解作用[D].南宁:广西大学,2016.
[15]黎明,韦叶桥,蒙愈,等.不同基质和育苗容器规格对格木幼苗生长的影响[J].南方农业学报,2015,46(9):1646-1650.
[16]莫慧华.大青山珍贵树种格木、降香黄檀与巨尾桉混交效果初步评价[D].南宁:广西大学,2013.
[17]曾佩玲,何应会,蒋燚,等.珍贵树种多树种混交造林效果[J].广西林业科学,2014,43(3):285-291.
[18]董奇妤.尾巨桉与乡土树种苗木混交对光能利用的效应[D].广州:华南农业大学,2016.
[19]郝建.格木人工林修枝技术体系研究[D].北京:中国林业科学研究院,2017.
[20]蒙兰杨,邓莉明,罗筱娥,等.9种大型丛生竹枝条扦插成活率的相关分析[J].广西林业科学,2018,31(1):105-109.
[21]黄礼祥.坡位对毛竹的影响[J].广东林业科技,2005,21(1):66-69.
[22]毕凤霞.苗木大小与造林成活率的关系[J].农业科技与信息,2005,455(6):90-93.
[23]张顺平,乔杰,孙向阳,等.坡向、坡位对泡桐人工林土壤养分空间分布的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2015,35(1):109-116.
[24]薛立,薛晔,吴敏,等.不同坡位火力楠林土壤肥力变化特征[J].水土保持通报,2011,31(6):51-54.
[25]陈彬.不同坡位条件下秃杉人工林生产力和生态功能的比较研究[D].福州:福建农林大学,2017.
[26]刘帅成,李志辉,李艳,等.不同坡位对福建柏生长影响的研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2014,34(12):52-55.
[27]刘敬优.坡位和造林密度对杂种马褂木生长的影响[J].安徽农学通报,2013,19(10):87-89.
[28]廖德志,魏志恒,程勇,等.坡位对15年生樟树纯林和樟杉混交林林分生长的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2018,38(8):14-18.
[29]陈聪,李志良,罗万业,等.不同坡地条件木荷人工林的生长差异研究[J].林业资源管理,2015(5):70-75.
[2]谭长强,唐春红,温立珑,等.格木和降香黄檀幼林表层土壤性质变化特征[J].广西林业科学,2017,46(4):422-424.
[3]易伟坚,张海东,叶绍明,等.光强对格木幼苗生长及光合特性的影响[J].南方林业科学,2018,46(1):29-32,37.
[4]赵志刚,郭俊杰,曾杰,等.广西大明山格木种群的空间分布格局与数量动态特征[J].林业科学,2014,50(10):1-7.
[5]杨保国,刘士玲,郝建,等.珍贵树种格木研究进展[J].广西林业科学,2017,46(2):165-170.
[6]汪松,解焱.中国物种红色名录:第1卷[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2002:344-344.
[7]明安刚,刘世荣,农友,等.南亚热带3种阔叶树种人工幼龄纯林及其混交林碳贮量比较[J].生态学报,2015,35(1):180-188.
[8]罗达,史作民,王卫霞,等.南亚热带格木、马尾松幼龄人工纯林及其混交林生态系统碳氮储量[J].生态学报,2015,35(18):6051-6059.
[9]明安刚,贾宏炎,田祖为,等.不同林龄格木人工林碳储量及其分配特征[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(4):940-946.
[10]王卫霞,史作民,罗达,等.我国南亚热带几种人工林生态系统碳氮储量[J].生态学报,2013,33(3):925-933.
[11]李忠华,刘庆云,许俊萍,等.施肥对格木苗木生长的影响试验[J].林业调查规划,2016,41(3):92-95.
[12]刘昆成.三种植物生长调节剂对格木幼苗生长及生理特性的影响[D].南宁:广西大学,2013.
[13]周维.氮磷钾配比施肥对格木幼苗生长及光合特性影响的研究[D].南宁:广西大学,2016.
[14]刘萍.酸铝胁迫下一氧化氮对格木幼苗生长生理的缓解作用[D].南宁:广西大学,2016.
[15]黎明,韦叶桥,蒙愈,等.不同基质和育苗容器规格对格木幼苗生长的影响[J].南方农业学报,2015,46(9):1646-1650.
[16]莫慧华.大青山珍贵树种格木、降香黄檀与巨尾桉混交效果初步评价[D].南宁:广西大学,2013.
[17]曾佩玲,何应会,蒋燚,等.珍贵树种多树种混交造林效果[J].广西林业科学,2014,43(3):285-291.
[18]董奇妤.尾巨桉与乡土树种苗木混交对光能利用的效应[D].广州:华南农业大学,2016.
[19]郝建.格木人工林修枝技术体系研究[D].北京:中国林业科学研究院,2017.
[20]蒙兰杨,邓莉明,罗筱娥,等.9种大型丛生竹枝条扦插成活率的相关分析[J].广西林业科学,2018,31(1):105-109.
[21]黄礼祥.坡位对毛竹的影响[J].广东林业科技,2005,21(1):66-69.
[22]毕凤霞.苗木大小与造林成活率的关系[J].农业科技与信息,2005,455(6):90-93.
[23]张顺平,乔杰,孙向阳,等.坡向、坡位对泡桐人工林土壤养分空间分布的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2015,35(1):109-116.
[24]薛立,薛晔,吴敏,等.不同坡位火力楠林土壤肥力变化特征[J].水土保持通报,2011,31(6):51-54.
[25]陈彬.不同坡位条件下秃杉人工林生产力和生态功能的比较研究[D].福州:福建农林大学,2017.
[26]刘帅成,李志辉,李艳,等.不同坡位对福建柏生长影响的研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2014,34(12):52-55.
[27]刘敬优.坡位和造林密度对杂种马褂木生长的影响[J].安徽农学通报,2013,19(10):87-89.
[28]廖德志,魏志恒,程勇,等.坡位对15年生樟树纯林和樟杉混交林林分生长的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2018,38(8):14-18.
[29]陈聪,李志良,罗万业,等.不同坡地条件木荷人工林的生长差异研究[J].林业资源管理,2015(5):70-75.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |