分布式水文模型在不同地形条件下的应用研究
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摘要
本文旨在开发不同地形及水文地质条件下的具有结构上通用性和核心模块具有易调节性功能的分布式水文模型。基于GIS利用运动波理论基础方程式,结合不同流域的地形(水文地质条件),分别构建了黄土高原北部沟壑区的六道沟流域、位于平原区流经内蒙古东部和黑龙江西部的阿伦河流域,以及山地流域-Bukoro河流域(日本)的分布式水文模型,并利用对观测流量的数值模拟分别检验模型在各流域的实用性。结果表明:针对不同地形条件构建的分布式水文模型在对流域降雨-径流过程的模拟,取得了较好的效果,模拟精度在误差判断基准允许的范围之内(误差<0.03),分析了在不同地形条件下构建分布式水文模型时模型结构上的通用性和核心模块的易调节性。本成果可以为不同地形的流域构建分布式水文模型提供参考和借鉴。
The objective of this study is to develop a distributed hydrology model which has structural commonality and adjustable core module for different topographical and hydro-geological conditions.Based on the GIS and basic equations of kinematic wave theory,and combine with different topographical and hydro-geological conditions of each basin. The paper set up the distributed hydrology model for the Liudaogou basin which is located at hilly-gully region of the northern Loess Plateau,the Alunhe Basin which flows through the eastern Inner Mongolia and western Heilongjiang Province,and Bukuro River Basin( in Japan),respectively. The practicability of model was validated through numerical simulation of the observed flow-discharge for each basin. The results indicated that the preferable simulation results for rainfall-runoff process was achieved under different topographical and hydro-geological conditions of each basin. The calculation accuracy is at the allowable range by error criterion( error < 0. 03). The structural commonality and adjustability of core module of the model for model application at different topographical and hydro-geological conditions was also analyzed. The results can provide reference for the construction of distributed hydrology model at different topographical and hydro-geological conditions.
The objective of this study is to develop a distributed hydrology model which has structural commonality and adjustable core module for different topographical and hydro-geological conditions.Based on the GIS and basic equations of kinematic wave theory,and combine with different topographical and hydro-geological conditions of each basin. The paper set up the distributed hydrology model for the Liudaogou basin which is located at hilly-gully region of the northern Loess Plateau,the Alunhe Basin which flows through the eastern Inner Mongolia and western Heilongjiang Province,and Bukuro River Basin( in Japan),respectively. The practicability of model was validated through numerical simulation of the observed flow-discharge for each basin. The results indicated that the preferable simulation results for rainfall-runoff process was achieved under different topographical and hydro-geological conditions of each basin. The calculation accuracy is at the allowable range by error criterion( error < 0. 03). The structural commonality and adjustability of core module of the model for model application at different topographical and hydro-geological conditions was also analyzed. The results can provide reference for the construction of distributed hydrology model at different topographical and hydro-geological conditions.
引文
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[2]金鑫,郝振纯,张金良.水文模型研究进展及发展方向[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(4):197-199+202.
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[14]Jain M K,Kothyari U C,Raju K G R.A GIS based distributed rainfall-runoff model[J].Journal of Hydrology,2004,299(1-2):107-135.
[15]Karvonen T,Koivusal H,Jauhiaine M,et al.A hydrological model for predicting runoff from different land use areas[J].Journal of Hydrology,1999,217(3):253-265.
[16]Bergstrom S,Graham L P.On the scale problem in hydrological modeling[J].Journal of Hydrology,1998,211(1):253-265.
[17]Cammeraat E L H.Scale dependent thresholds in hydrological and erosion response of a semi-arid catchment in southeast Spain[J].Agriculture,Ecosystems and Environment,2004,104(2):317-332.
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[19]Tanaka G,Fujita M,Kudo M.Comparison between the kinematic wave model and the storage routing function runoff model frequency characteristic and stochastic characteristic[J].Journal of Hydraulic,Coastal and Environmental Engineering,1999,614(Ⅱ-46):21-36.
[20]Cabral M C,Garrote L,Bras R,et al.A kinematic model of infiltration and runoff generation in layered and sloped soils[J].Advances in Water Resources,1992,15(5):311-324.
[21]Yomoto A,Islam M N.Kinematic analysis of flood runoff for a small-scale upland field[J].Journal of Hydrology,1992,137(1-4):311-326.
[22]Chua L H C,Wong T S W,Sriramula L K.Comparison between kinematic wave and artificial neural network models in event based runoff simulation for an overland plane[J].Journal of Hydrology,2008,357(3-4):337-348.
[23]The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineerings.Fundamentals of computational fluid dynamics[M].Tokyo:Corona Publishing Co.,Ltd,1998:52-56.
[24]Huang Jinbai,Hinokidan O,Yasuda H,et al.Effects of the check dam system on water redistribution in the Chinese Loess Plateau[J].Journal of Hydrologic Engineering,2013,18(8):929-940.
[25]Tan Lu,Wang Zhongbo,Huang Jinbai,et al.Seasonal variation of moisture availability at the water-wind erosion crisscross region on the northern Loess Plateau,China[J].Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English edition),2013,20(4):72-77.
[26]黄金柏,王斌,桧谷治,等.耦合融雪的分布式流域“降雨-径流”数值模型[J].水科学进展,2012,23(2):194-199.
[27]Japanese River Society.River erosion control technical criterion 699 of MLIT(Ministry of Land,Infrastructure,Transport and Tourism)[M].Tokyo:Sankaido publishing Co,Ltd,1997:85-87.
[2]金鑫,郝振纯,张金良.水文模型研究进展及发展方向[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(4):197-199+202.
[3]Freeze R A,Harlan R L.Blueprint for a physically-based digitally-simulated hydrologic response model[J].Journal of Hydrology,1969,9(3):237-258.
[4]闫红飞,王船海,文鹏.分布式水文模型研究综述[J].水电能源科学,2008,26(6):1-4.
[5]刘昌明,郑红星,王中根,等.流域水循环分布式模拟[M].郑州:黄河水利出版社,2006.
[6]Abbott M B,Refsgaard J C.Distributed Hydrological Modelling[M].Kluwer Academic Publishers,1996.
[7]任立良.流域数字水文模型研究[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2004,28(4):1-7.
[8]王中根,刘昌明,吴险峰.基于DEM的分布式水文模型研究综述[J].自然资源学报,2003,18(2):168-173.
[9]沈晓东,王腊春,谢顺平.基于栅格数据的流域降雨径流模型[J].地理学报,1995,50(3):264-271.
[10]郭生练,熊立华,杨井,等.基于DEM的分布式流域水文物理模型[J].武汉水利电力大学学报,2000,33(6):1-5.
[11]徐宗学.水文模型:回顾与展望[J].北京师范大学学报(自然科学版),2010,46(3):278-289.
[12]Gupta V K,Waymire E.Multiscaling properties of spatial:Atmospheres(1984-2012)rainfall and river flow distribution[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1990,95(D3):1999-2009.
[13]高超,金高洁.SWIM水文模型的DEM尺度效应[J].地理研究,2013,31(3):399-408.
[14]Jain M K,Kothyari U C,Raju K G R.A GIS based distributed rainfall-runoff model[J].Journal of Hydrology,2004,299(1-2):107-135.
[15]Karvonen T,Koivusal H,Jauhiaine M,et al.A hydrological model for predicting runoff from different land use areas[J].Journal of Hydrology,1999,217(3):253-265.
[16]Bergstrom S,Graham L P.On the scale problem in hydrological modeling[J].Journal of Hydrology,1998,211(1):253-265.
[17]Cammeraat E L H.Scale dependent thresholds in hydrological and erosion response of a semi-arid catchment in southeast Spain[J].Agriculture,Ecosystems and Environment,2004,104(2):317-332.
[18]Tanaka G.Stochastic response characteristics of kinematic wave model[J].Annual Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,JSCE,2003,47:229-234.
[19]Tanaka G,Fujita M,Kudo M.Comparison between the kinematic wave model and the storage routing function runoff model frequency characteristic and stochastic characteristic[J].Journal of Hydraulic,Coastal and Environmental Engineering,1999,614(Ⅱ-46):21-36.
[20]Cabral M C,Garrote L,Bras R,et al.A kinematic model of infiltration and runoff generation in layered and sloped soils[J].Advances in Water Resources,1992,15(5):311-324.
[21]Yomoto A,Islam M N.Kinematic analysis of flood runoff for a small-scale upland field[J].Journal of Hydrology,1992,137(1-4):311-326.
[22]Chua L H C,Wong T S W,Sriramula L K.Comparison between kinematic wave and artificial neural network models in event based runoff simulation for an overland plane[J].Journal of Hydrology,2008,357(3-4):337-348.
[23]The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineerings.Fundamentals of computational fluid dynamics[M].Tokyo:Corona Publishing Co.,Ltd,1998:52-56.
[24]Huang Jinbai,Hinokidan O,Yasuda H,et al.Effects of the check dam system on water redistribution in the Chinese Loess Plateau[J].Journal of Hydrologic Engineering,2013,18(8):929-940.
[25]Tan Lu,Wang Zhongbo,Huang Jinbai,et al.Seasonal variation of moisture availability at the water-wind erosion crisscross region on the northern Loess Plateau,China[J].Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English edition),2013,20(4):72-77.
[26]黄金柏,王斌,桧谷治,等.耦合融雪的分布式流域“降雨-径流”数值模型[J].水科学进展,2012,23(2):194-199.
[27]Japanese River Society.River erosion control technical criterion 699 of MLIT(Ministry of Land,Infrastructure,Transport and Tourism)[M].Tokyo:Sankaido publishing Co,Ltd,1997:85-87.