路基悬锚式挡土墙墙背土压力分布
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摘要
路基悬锚式挡土墙是一种新型的挡土墙,其墙背土压力分布与常规挡土墙墙背土压力分布规律不同,不能套用现有的公式进行计算。根据其受力特点,结合项目研究的需要和依托工程的实际情况,确定了以墙高8,9,10 m这3种工况对路基悬锚式挡土墙的墙背受力情况及土压力分布情况进行现场试验和跟踪检测。通过实体工程的实测数据及其结构特点对悬锚式挡土墙的墙背土压力进行了分析,并与墙后土压力设计值及修正后的公式计算值进行了对比。结果表明:路基悬锚式挡土墙各测试点的墙背土压力随时间逐渐增大并趋于稳定,沿墙高呈3段式非线性分布;墙背土压力近似分布图形可以参照现有锚定板挡土墙的计算方法得出,但需进行修正,土压力系数宜取1.2～1.4;为提高挡土墙墙背的受力均匀性及挡墙的整体稳定性,第1层锚杆高度与底板的距离宜为挡墙建筑高度的1/3且距离底板不宜大于2.5 m,各锚杆层间高差宜为2.5～3 m;墙背最上层锚杆位置由于受土压力较小,因此最上层锚杆布设高度宜为距墙顶1/3高处,且适宜高度为2～3 m;悬锚式挡土墙的双层锚杆与锚定板型式建筑高度宜为6～10 m,3层锚杆与锚定板型式建筑高度宜为10～12 m。
Suspension anchor retaining wall is a new type of retaining wall. Due to the distribution of soil pressure on the back of the wall is different from that on the conventional retaining wall,the existing formula cannot be used to calculate it. According to its force characteristics,combining with the needs of the project research and the actual situation of the support project,determining the working conditions of the wall height as 8,9,10 m,the field test and the tracking test on the stress and the distribution of soil pressure on the back of suspended anchor retaining wall of subgrade are carried out. The soil pressure on the back of the suspended anchor retaining wall is analyzed by the measured data and the structural characteristics of practical project,which is compared with the design value and the value calculated by the improved formula. The result shows that(1) the soil pressure of the measuring points on the back of suspended anchor retaining wall of subgrade gradually increases with time and tends to stability,it shows 3-stage nonlinear distribution along the wall height;(2) the approximate distribution figure of the soil pressure on the wall back can be obtained referring to the calculation method of existing anchor plate retaining wall,but it must be modified,and the soil pressure coefficient should be 1.2-1.4;(3) to improve the force uniformity of the back of the retaining wall and the overall stability of the retaining wall,the distance between the height of the first layer anchor and the bottom slab should be 1/3 height of the retaining wall and should not be more than 2.5 m in the distance from the bottom slab,and the height difference between each anchor rod layer is 2.5-3 m;(4) because the soil pressure on the anchor rod at the top of wall back is small,so the height of the top anchor rod should be set as the 1/3H to the wall top,and the suitable height should be 2-3 m;(5) the heights of double-layer anchor rod and anchored plate type building of the retaining wall should be 6-10 m,and the height of 3-layer anchor rod and anchored plate type building should be 10-12 m.
Suspension anchor retaining wall is a new type of retaining wall. Due to the distribution of soil pressure on the back of the wall is different from that on the conventional retaining wall,the existing formula cannot be used to calculate it. According to its force characteristics,combining with the needs of the project research and the actual situation of the support project,determining the working conditions of the wall height as 8,9,10 m,the field test and the tracking test on the stress and the distribution of soil pressure on the back of suspended anchor retaining wall of subgrade are carried out. The soil pressure on the back of the suspended anchor retaining wall is analyzed by the measured data and the structural characteristics of practical project,which is compared with the design value and the value calculated by the improved formula. The result shows that(1) the soil pressure of the measuring points on the back of suspended anchor retaining wall of subgrade gradually increases with time and tends to stability,it shows 3-stage nonlinear distribution along the wall height;(2) the approximate distribution figure of the soil pressure on the wall back can be obtained referring to the calculation method of existing anchor plate retaining wall,but it must be modified,and the soil pressure coefficient should be 1.2-1.4;(3) to improve the force uniformity of the back of the retaining wall and the overall stability of the retaining wall,the distance between the height of the first layer anchor and the bottom slab should be 1/3 height of the retaining wall and should not be more than 2.5 m in the distance from the bottom slab,and the height difference between each anchor rod layer is 2.5-3 m;(4) because the soil pressure on the anchor rod at the top of wall back is small,so the height of the top anchor rod should be set as the 1/3H to the wall top,and the suitable height should be 2-3 m;(5) the heights of double-layer anchor rod and anchored plate type building of the retaining wall should be 6-10 m,and the height of 3-layer anchor rod and anchored plate type building should be 10-12 m.
引文
[1]陈忠达,王东升,高江平,等.悬锚式挡土墙结构设计与分析[J].长安大学学报:自然科学版,2005,25(6):1-5.CHEN Zhong-da,WANG Dong-sheng,GAO Jiang-ping,et al.Structural Design and Calculation of Suspendedanchor Earth Retaining Wall[J].Journal of Chang’an University:Natural Science Edition,2005,25(6):1-5.
[2]陈忠达,王东升.悬锚式挡土墙有限元分析[J].公路交通科技,2005,22(1):38-41.CHEN Zhong-da,WANG Dong-sheng.The Finite Element Analysis of Suspended-anchor Earth Retaining Wall[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2005,22(1):38-41.
[3]杜松.路基悬锚式挡土墙设计与稳定性分析[D].西安:长安大学,2011.DU Song.Design and Stability Analysis of Subgrade Cantilever-anchor Retaining Wall[D].Xi’an:Chang’an University,2011.
[4]陈忠达.公路挡土墙设计[M].北京:人民交通出版社,1999.CHEN Zhong-da.Design of Highway Earth Retaining Wall[M].Beijing:China Communications Press,1999.
[5]杨广庆,蔡英.多级台阶式加筋土挡土墙试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2000,22(2):254-257.YANG Guang-qing,CAI Ying.Study on the Multi-steps Reinforced Earth Retaining Wall[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2000,22(2):254-257.
[6]张文涛.肖家岗高边坡预应力锚索桩基托梁挡土墙设计[J].山西建筑,2011,37(35):66-67.ZHANG Wen-tao.Design of the Supporting Structure of Pre-stressed Anchoring Cables Pile Foundation-trimmer Beam-retaining Wall for Xiaojiagang High Slope[J].Shanxi Architecture,2011,37(35):66-67.
[7]吴明,彭建兵,徐平,等.考虑土拱效应的挡墙后土压力研究[J].工程力学,2011,28(11):89-95.WU Ming,PENG Jian-bing,XU Ping,et al.Study on Earth Pressure against Rigid Retaining Walls Considering Soil Arching Effects[J].Engineering Mechanics,2011,28(11):89-95.
[8]张永兴,陈琳.挡土墙非极限状态主动土压力分布[J].土木工程学报,2011,44(4):112-118.ZHANG Yong-xing,CHEN Lin.Active Earth Pressure on Retaining Walls in Non-limit State[J].China Civil engineering Journal,2011,44(4):112-118.
[9]邓子胜,邹银生,王贻荪.考虑位移非线性影响的挡土墙土压力计算模型研究[J].中国公路学报,2004,17(2):24-27.DENG Zi-sheng,ZOU Yin-sheng,WANG Yi-sun.Study of Calculation Model of the Earth Pressure for Retaining Wall Considering the Nonlinear Influence of the Displacement[J].China Journal of High way and Transport,2004,17(2):24-27.
[10]QIU Y J,JIANG X,LUO Q,et al.Differential Deformation of Subgrade and Its Influence on Pavement Structures in Highway Widening Projects[C]//Proceedings of the Sixteenth Southeast Asian Geotechnical Conference(16 SEAGC).[S.l.]:Southeast Asian Geotechnical Society,2007:361-366.
[11]BILGIN.Numerical Studies of Anchored Sheet Pile Wall Behavior Constructed in Cut and Fill Conditions[J].Computers and Geotechnics,2010,37(3):399-407.
[12]EL SAWWAF M,NAZIR A.The Effect of Soil Reinforcement on Pullout Resistance of an Existing Vertical Anchor Plate in Sand[J].Computers and Geotechnics,2006,33(3):167-176.
[13]梁波,王家东,葛建军.青藏铁路L型挡土墙土压力的试验与分析[J].冰川冻土,2004,26(增1):241-247.LIANG Bo,WANG Jia-dong,GE Jian-jun,et al.Testing and Analysis of Earth pressure about L-type Retaining Wall in Qinghai-Tibet Railway[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2004,26(S1):241-247.
[14]NADUKURU S S,MICHALOWSKI R L.Arching in Distribution of Active Load on Retaining Walls[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2012,138(5):575-584.
[15]李永刚,白鸿莉.垂直墙背挡土墙土压力分布研究[J].水利学报,2003,34(2):102-106.LI Yong-gang,BAI Hong-li.Study of Earth Pressure Distribution on the Retaining Wall with Vertical Back[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2003,34(2):102-106.
[16]薛志超,宋修广,陈宝强,等.压力分散型挡土墙支护高填土路基施工过程的受力特征[J].公路交通科技,2013,30(4):11-16.XUE Zhi-chao,SONG Xiu-guang,CHEN Bao-qiang,et al.Stress Characteristics of Pressure Dispersive Retaining Wall for Supporting High-filling Embankment during Construction[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2013,30(4):11-16.
[17]高江平,俞茂宏,胡长顺,等.加筋土挡墙土压力及土压力系数分布规律研究[J].岩土工程学报,2003,25(5):582-584.GAO Jiang-ping,YU Mao-hong,HU Chang-shun,et al.Study on the Distributive Rule of the Earth Pressure and Its Coefficient of the Reinforced Earth Wall[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2003,25(5):582-584.
[18]王仕传,程桦.绕墙趾转动挡土墙主动土压力的确定[J].岩土力学,2011,32(7):2139-2145.WANG Shi-chuan,CHENG Hua.Determination of Active Earth Pressure behind Retaining Wall Rotating about Wall Toe[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(7):2139-2145.
[2]陈忠达,王东升.悬锚式挡土墙有限元分析[J].公路交通科技,2005,22(1):38-41.CHEN Zhong-da,WANG Dong-sheng.The Finite Element Analysis of Suspended-anchor Earth Retaining Wall[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2005,22(1):38-41.
[3]杜松.路基悬锚式挡土墙设计与稳定性分析[D].西安:长安大学,2011.DU Song.Design and Stability Analysis of Subgrade Cantilever-anchor Retaining Wall[D].Xi’an:Chang’an University,2011.
[4]陈忠达.公路挡土墙设计[M].北京:人民交通出版社,1999.CHEN Zhong-da.Design of Highway Earth Retaining Wall[M].Beijing:China Communications Press,1999.
[5]杨广庆,蔡英.多级台阶式加筋土挡土墙试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2000,22(2):254-257.YANG Guang-qing,CAI Ying.Study on the Multi-steps Reinforced Earth Retaining Wall[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2000,22(2):254-257.
[6]张文涛.肖家岗高边坡预应力锚索桩基托梁挡土墙设计[J].山西建筑,2011,37(35):66-67.ZHANG Wen-tao.Design of the Supporting Structure of Pre-stressed Anchoring Cables Pile Foundation-trimmer Beam-retaining Wall for Xiaojiagang High Slope[J].Shanxi Architecture,2011,37(35):66-67.
[7]吴明,彭建兵,徐平,等.考虑土拱效应的挡墙后土压力研究[J].工程力学,2011,28(11):89-95.WU Ming,PENG Jian-bing,XU Ping,et al.Study on Earth Pressure against Rigid Retaining Walls Considering Soil Arching Effects[J].Engineering Mechanics,2011,28(11):89-95.
[8]张永兴,陈琳.挡土墙非极限状态主动土压力分布[J].土木工程学报,2011,44(4):112-118.ZHANG Yong-xing,CHEN Lin.Active Earth Pressure on Retaining Walls in Non-limit State[J].China Civil engineering Journal,2011,44(4):112-118.
[9]邓子胜,邹银生,王贻荪.考虑位移非线性影响的挡土墙土压力计算模型研究[J].中国公路学报,2004,17(2):24-27.DENG Zi-sheng,ZOU Yin-sheng,WANG Yi-sun.Study of Calculation Model of the Earth Pressure for Retaining Wall Considering the Nonlinear Influence of the Displacement[J].China Journal of High way and Transport,2004,17(2):24-27.
[10]QIU Y J,JIANG X,LUO Q,et al.Differential Deformation of Subgrade and Its Influence on Pavement Structures in Highway Widening Projects[C]//Proceedings of the Sixteenth Southeast Asian Geotechnical Conference(16 SEAGC).[S.l.]:Southeast Asian Geotechnical Society,2007:361-366.
[11]BILGIN.Numerical Studies of Anchored Sheet Pile Wall Behavior Constructed in Cut and Fill Conditions[J].Computers and Geotechnics,2010,37(3):399-407.
[12]EL SAWWAF M,NAZIR A.The Effect of Soil Reinforcement on Pullout Resistance of an Existing Vertical Anchor Plate in Sand[J].Computers and Geotechnics,2006,33(3):167-176.
[13]梁波,王家东,葛建军.青藏铁路L型挡土墙土压力的试验与分析[J].冰川冻土,2004,26(增1):241-247.LIANG Bo,WANG Jia-dong,GE Jian-jun,et al.Testing and Analysis of Earth pressure about L-type Retaining Wall in Qinghai-Tibet Railway[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2004,26(S1):241-247.
[14]NADUKURU S S,MICHALOWSKI R L.Arching in Distribution of Active Load on Retaining Walls[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2012,138(5):575-584.
[15]李永刚,白鸿莉.垂直墙背挡土墙土压力分布研究[J].水利学报,2003,34(2):102-106.LI Yong-gang,BAI Hong-li.Study of Earth Pressure Distribution on the Retaining Wall with Vertical Back[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2003,34(2):102-106.
[16]薛志超,宋修广,陈宝强,等.压力分散型挡土墙支护高填土路基施工过程的受力特征[J].公路交通科技,2013,30(4):11-16.XUE Zhi-chao,SONG Xiu-guang,CHEN Bao-qiang,et al.Stress Characteristics of Pressure Dispersive Retaining Wall for Supporting High-filling Embankment during Construction[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2013,30(4):11-16.
[17]高江平,俞茂宏,胡长顺,等.加筋土挡墙土压力及土压力系数分布规律研究[J].岩土工程学报,2003,25(5):582-584.GAO Jiang-ping,YU Mao-hong,HU Chang-shun,et al.Study on the Distributive Rule of the Earth Pressure and Its Coefficient of the Reinforced Earth Wall[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2003,25(5):582-584.
[18]王仕传,程桦.绕墙趾转动挡土墙主动土压力的确定[J].岩土力学,2011,32(7):2139-2145.WANG Shi-chuan,CHENG Hua.Determination of Active Earth Pressure behind Retaining Wall Rotating about Wall Toe[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(7):2139-2145.
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