潮汐海域电厂不同取排水布置方式环境影响分析
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摘要
为对比分析取排水工程不同布置方式对环境影响的程度,本文通过自主开发的潮汐海域水动力水质模型研究了潮汐水域不同排水布置方式(管道深水区排水和半淹没式明渠排水)的流场变化和温排水影响。考虑管道和明渠排水方式和表面散热特征的不同,自主开发了潮汐海域水动力水质模型,并用于研究潮汐水域不同排水布置方式(管道深水区排水和半淹没式明渠排水)的流场变化和温排水影响。研究结果表明:明渠和管道排水对周围流场的影响仅限于工程附近局部区域。半淹没式明渠浅水区排水对周围流场的影响要大于管道排水,温水影响范围较大,主要集中于近岸区域。管道深水区排水,温水团距离岸线较远,呈条带状分布,温水影响范围相对较小。若管道排水口和取水口处于同一流路上,管道排水对取水口的影响较大。电厂取排水工程采用深水区差位式布置既可减少电厂温排水影响范围,又能有效降低温排水对取水口的影响程度,研究成果可为类似电厂取排水工程设计提供参考。
Different arrangements and structures of water intake and drainage project in a power plant have different effects on the surrounding environment. Considering the difference of drainage mode and surface heat dissipation characteristics between pipeline and open channel,the hydrodynamic water quality model of tidal sea area is developed independently and used to study the flow field change and the influence of temperature drainage on different drainage arrangements( pipeline deep water drainage and semi-submerged open channel drainage) in tidal waters. Based on an independently developed hydrodynamic water model in tidal regions,the flow field changes and the effect of thermal discharge under different intake and drainage arrangements were simulated in tidal regions. The results illustrate that the influence of drainage of open channels and pipelines on the surrounding flow field is limited to the local area near the project. Semi-submerged open channel discharge in shallow water has more impact on the flow field than pipeline drainage. The influence area of the thermal water is relatively large and mainly concentrated in the offshore area. Pipeline drainage in deep water has a relatively small impact on the thermal discharge because the thermal water group is far from the coast line and exhibits ribbon-like distribution. If the drainage exit and intake are arranged in the same fluid passage,the drainage will have significant influence on the intake. Adopting different arrangements of water intake and drainage project in deep water area can not only reduce the influence area of the thermal discharge but also decrease the level of thermal discharge influence on the intake. The research results provide a reference for similar water intake and drainage projects of power plant.
Different arrangements and structures of water intake and drainage project in a power plant have different effects on the surrounding environment. Considering the difference of drainage mode and surface heat dissipation characteristics between pipeline and open channel,the hydrodynamic water quality model of tidal sea area is developed independently and used to study the flow field change and the influence of temperature drainage on different drainage arrangements( pipeline deep water drainage and semi-submerged open channel drainage) in tidal waters. Based on an independently developed hydrodynamic water model in tidal regions,the flow field changes and the effect of thermal discharge under different intake and drainage arrangements were simulated in tidal regions. The results illustrate that the influence of drainage of open channels and pipelines on the surrounding flow field is limited to the local area near the project. Semi-submerged open channel discharge in shallow water has more impact on the flow field than pipeline drainage. The influence area of the thermal water is relatively large and mainly concentrated in the offshore area. Pipeline drainage in deep water has a relatively small impact on the thermal discharge because the thermal water group is far from the coast line and exhibits ribbon-like distribution. If the drainage exit and intake are arranged in the same fluid passage,the drainage will have significant influence on the intake. Adopting different arrangements of water intake and drainage project in deep water area can not only reduce the influence area of the thermal discharge but also decrease the level of thermal discharge influence on the intake. The research results provide a reference for similar water intake and drainage projects of power plant.
引文
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[10]赵晓冬,陈慧锋,毛佩郁.宁德核电温排水扩散试验研究[C]//第十三届中国海洋(岸)工程学术讨论会论文集.北京:海洋出版社,2011.ZHAO Xiaodong,CHEN Huifeng,MAO Peiyu.Experimental study on thermal discharge of Ningde nuclear power plant[C]//Proceedings of the 13th China Marine(Offshore)engineering Symposium.Beijing:Ocean Press,2011.
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[12]黄晓琛,陈雪初,彭欣,等.滨海电厂温排水对海洋环境的影响研究进展[J].海洋环境科学,2014,33(6):972-976.HUANG Xiaochen,CHEN Xuechu,PENG Xin,et al.The research progress of the impact of thermal discharge from coastal power plants onmarine environment[J].Marine environmental science,2014,33(6):972-976.
[13]MAKAROV I I,ZISMAN S L.On the peculiarities of water supply to thermal and nuclear power plants from stratified streams and reservoirs[C]//International Symposium on Stratified Flows.New York,USA,1972.
[14]JIRKA G H,JOHNSON R P.Radial source-sink flow in stratified ocean[J].Journal hydraulic division,1981,107(12):1631-1650.
[15]岳钧堂.差位式理论及工程应用---感潮水域冷却水运动及工程布置研究[J].水利学报,1993(12):10-17.YUE Juntang.Theory and engineering application of“outlet-in/outside-intake”works[J].Shuili xuebao,1993(12):10-17.
[16]倪浩清,王能家,周力行.应力代数及低雷诺数的湍流数学模型在重叠式排取水口工程中的模拟计算[J].水动力学研究与进展,1990,5(4):42-52.NI Haoqing,WANG Nengjia,ZHOU Lixing.Numerical simulation of algebraic stress and low-Reynolds-number turbulent model for an intake-under-outlet system[J].Journal of hydrodynamics,1990,5(4):42-52.
[17]陈惠泉.沿海水域火/核电厂冷却水水工布置的优化原则和实践[J].海洋技术,1999,18(4):82-87.CHEN Huiquan.The optimization principle and practice of thermal/nuclear power station's cooling water hydraulic arrangement in coastal area[J].Ocean technology,1999,18(4):82-87.
[18]CHENG Youliang,YING Bofen.Numerical simulation and comparison of water intake-outlet methods in power plants[J].Journal of hydrodynamics,ser.B,2007,19(5):623-629.
[19]曹旭超.浅水恒定流中侧向单孔口热水排放的水力热力特性模拟研究[D].石家庄:河北工程大学,2013.CAO Xuchao.The study on characteristics of thermal discharge at lateral in adlittoral invariablenes flows[D].Shijiazhuang:Hebei University of Engineering,2013.
[20]武凯.不同布置方式下温排水对水域环境生态影响研究[D].北京:华北电力大学,2016.WU Kai.Study on the influence of thermal discharge on the water ecology and environment in different layouts[D].Beijing:North China Electric Power University,2016.
[2]LUTTERSCHMIDT W I,HUTCHISON V H.The critical thermal maximum:data to support the onset of spasms as the definitive end point[J].Canadian journal of zoology,1997,75(10):1553-1560.
[3]ROMERO C E,SHAN Jiefeng.Development of an artificial neural network-based software for prediction of power plant canal water discharge temperature[J].Expert systems with applications,2005,29(4):831-838.
[4]KOPERSKI P.Diversity of freshwater macrobenthos and its use in biological assessment:a critical review of current applications[J].Environmental reviews,2011,19:16-31.
[5]邹志军,倪浩清,周力行.有蒸发的气-水二维湍流流动的数值模拟[J].水利学报,1994(2):9-17.ZOU Zhijun,NI Haoqing,ZHOU Lixing.Numerical modeling of two-dimensional gas-water turbulent flows with evaporation[J].Shuili xuebao,1994(2):9-17.
[6]颜钰,邵冬冬,顾卫,等.鲅鱼圈热电厂温排水的现场观测和三维数值模拟[J].海洋环境科学,2016,35(4):571-579.YAN Yu,SHAO Dongdong,GU Wei,et al.In-situ observation and three-dimensional numerical simulation of cooling water discharge from Bayuquan thermal power plant[J].Marine environmental science,2016,35(4):571-579.
[7]张沈裕,朱建荣.长江河口石洞口水域电厂温排水输运扩散观测和分析[J].华东师范大学学报(自然科学版),2016(2):101-111.ZHANG Shenyu,ZHU Jianrong.Observation and analyses of transport and diffusion of warm discharge water from the power plants near Shidongkou in the Changjiang estuary[J].Journal of East China Normal University(natural science),2016(2):101-111.
[8]朱子晨.基于FVCOM的湄洲湾温排水海区三维海水温度场数值研究与观测对照分析[D].青岛:国家海洋局第一海洋研究所,2014.ZHU Zichen.Numerical simulation of three-dimensional seawater temperature field in Meizhou bay based on FVCOMand Controlled analysis with observational material[D].Qingdao:The First Institute of Oceanography(FIO),State Oceanic Administration(SOA)of China,2014.
[9]张贝贝,周静,纪平.滨海电厂温排水数值模拟研究现状[J].中国水利水电科学研究院学报,2014,12(4):402-409.ZHANG Beibei,ZHOU Jing,JI Ping.Status of numerical simulation research on thermal discharge of coastal power plant[J].Journal of China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,2014,12(4):402-409.
[10]赵晓冬,陈慧锋,毛佩郁.宁德核电温排水扩散试验研究[C]//第十三届中国海洋(岸)工程学术讨论会论文集.北京:海洋出版社,2011.ZHAO Xiaodong,CHEN Huifeng,MAO Peiyu.Experimental study on thermal discharge of Ningde nuclear power plant[C]//Proceedings of the 13th China Marine(Offshore)engineering Symposium.Beijing:Ocean Press,2011.
[11]余明辉,余飞,刘智,等.襄樊电厂二期工程温排水物理模型试验研究[J].水动力学研究与进展,2006,21(1):46-52.YU Minghui,YU Fei,LIU Zhi,et al.Experimental investigation on cooling water of Xiangfan power plant by physical model[J].Journal of hydrodynamics,2006,21(1):46-52.
[12]黄晓琛,陈雪初,彭欣,等.滨海电厂温排水对海洋环境的影响研究进展[J].海洋环境科学,2014,33(6):972-976.HUANG Xiaochen,CHEN Xuechu,PENG Xin,et al.The research progress of the impact of thermal discharge from coastal power plants onmarine environment[J].Marine environmental science,2014,33(6):972-976.
[13]MAKAROV I I,ZISMAN S L.On the peculiarities of water supply to thermal and nuclear power plants from stratified streams and reservoirs[C]//International Symposium on Stratified Flows.New York,USA,1972.
[14]JIRKA G H,JOHNSON R P.Radial source-sink flow in stratified ocean[J].Journal hydraulic division,1981,107(12):1631-1650.
[15]岳钧堂.差位式理论及工程应用---感潮水域冷却水运动及工程布置研究[J].水利学报,1993(12):10-17.YUE Juntang.Theory and engineering application of“outlet-in/outside-intake”works[J].Shuili xuebao,1993(12):10-17.
[16]倪浩清,王能家,周力行.应力代数及低雷诺数的湍流数学模型在重叠式排取水口工程中的模拟计算[J].水动力学研究与进展,1990,5(4):42-52.NI Haoqing,WANG Nengjia,ZHOU Lixing.Numerical simulation of algebraic stress and low-Reynolds-number turbulent model for an intake-under-outlet system[J].Journal of hydrodynamics,1990,5(4):42-52.
[17]陈惠泉.沿海水域火/核电厂冷却水水工布置的优化原则和实践[J].海洋技术,1999,18(4):82-87.CHEN Huiquan.The optimization principle and practice of thermal/nuclear power station's cooling water hydraulic arrangement in coastal area[J].Ocean technology,1999,18(4):82-87.
[18]CHENG Youliang,YING Bofen.Numerical simulation and comparison of water intake-outlet methods in power plants[J].Journal of hydrodynamics,ser.B,2007,19(5):623-629.
[19]曹旭超.浅水恒定流中侧向单孔口热水排放的水力热力特性模拟研究[D].石家庄:河北工程大学,2013.CAO Xuchao.The study on characteristics of thermal discharge at lateral in adlittoral invariablenes flows[D].Shijiazhuang:Hebei University of Engineering,2013.
[20]武凯.不同布置方式下温排水对水域环境生态影响研究[D].北京:华北电力大学,2016.WU Kai.Study on the influence of thermal discharge on the water ecology and environment in different layouts[D].Beijing:North China Electric Power University,2016.