阻燃剂对不饱和聚酯的性能影响研究
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摘要
不饱和聚酯(UPR)是迄今为止热固性树脂中用量最大的材料。其发展与应用也越来越广泛,在诸多领域上都要求了其需要有较高的阻燃性,因此,本实验就其阻燃性问题进行了研究,研究了阻燃剂对其阻燃性的提高与对其力学性能的影响。实验过程是以顺丁烯二酸酐、邻苯二甲酸酐、乙二醇合成不饱和聚酯,对其进行力学性能(拉伸强度、弯曲强度)和阻燃性的研究,然后再在不饱和聚酯中加入四溴苯酐或聚磷酸铵,研究其对不饱和聚酯的阻燃性与力学性能(拉伸强度、弯曲强度)影响,并进行对比。研究表明,加入反应型阻燃剂四溴苯酐或聚磷酸铵都能提高不饱和聚酯的阻燃性,对于不饱和聚酯的力学性能来说,加入反应型阻燃剂四溴苯酐的不饱和聚酯的力学性能要高于加入聚磷酸铵的力学性能。
Unsaturated polyester(UPR) is the largest amount of material in thermosetting resin up to now.The development and application of UPR are more and more extensive.In many fields,UPR is required to have high flame retardancy.Therefore,the flame retardancy of UPR is studied in this experiment,and the effect of flame retardant on its flame retardancy and mechanical properties is also studied.UPR is synthesized from maleic anhydride,phthalic anhydride and ethylene glycol.The mechanical properties(tensile strength,flexural strength) and flame retardancy of UPR are studied.Then tetrabromophthalic anhydride or ammonium polyphosphate are added into UPR to study the effect of them on the flame retardancy and mechanical properties(tensile strength,flexural strength) of UPR,and compared.The results show that tetrabromophthalic anhydride or ammonium polyphosphate can improve the flame retardancy of UPR.For the mechanical properties of UPR,the mechanical properties of UPR with reactive flame retardant tetrabromophthalic anhydride are higher than those with ammonium polyphosphate.
Unsaturated polyester(UPR) is the largest amount of material in thermosetting resin up to now.The development and application of UPR are more and more extensive.In many fields,UPR is required to have high flame retardancy.Therefore,the flame retardancy of UPR is studied in this experiment,and the effect of flame retardant on its flame retardancy and mechanical properties is also studied.UPR is synthesized from maleic anhydride,phthalic anhydride and ethylene glycol.The mechanical properties(tensile strength,flexural strength) and flame retardancy of UPR are studied.Then tetrabromophthalic anhydride or ammonium polyphosphate are added into UPR to study the effect of them on the flame retardancy and mechanical properties(tensile strength,flexural strength) of UPR,and compared.The results show that tetrabromophthalic anhydride or ammonium polyphosphate can improve the flame retardancy of UPR.For the mechanical properties of UPR,the mechanical properties of UPR with reactive flame retardant tetrabromophthalic anhydride are higher than those with ammonium polyphosphate.
引文
[1]韩秀萍,蒋欣,李玉录,等.不饱和聚酯树脂的合成研究进展[J].广东化工,2004,9(10):26~28.
[2]黄发荣,郑安呐.塑料工业手册一不饱和聚酯树脂[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2001.
[3]张小苹.不饱和聚酯树脂及其新发展[J].玻璃钢,2008,(2):23-30.
[4]陈红,侯运城,邹林,等.2006~2007年国内外不饱和聚酯树脂工业进展[J].热固性树脂,2008,23(3):44~51.
[5]齐双春.反应型阻燃不饱和聚酯树脂品种研究进展[J].沧州师范学院学报,2011,27(2):118~120.
[6]Galip H,Hasipoglu H,Gunduz G.Flame-retardant polyester[J].J Appl Polym Sci 1999,74(12):2 906~2 910.
[7]Imamoglu T,Yagci Y.Photocuring of acrylate oligomers containing pentabromo benzylacrylate as flame-retarding monomer and properties of cured films[J].J Appl Polym Sci,2002,83(6):1 181~1 193.
[8]陈红,侯运城,邹林,等.2006~2007年国内外不饱和聚酯树脂工业进展[J].热固性树脂,2008,23(5):44~50.
[9]魏正英.阻燃剂在聚烯烃中的应用进展[J].现代塑料加工应用,2002,14(1):38~41.
[10]Wang YZ,Chen XT,Tang XD.A new approach for the simultaneous improvement of fire retardancy,tensile strength and melt dripping of poly(-ethylene terephthalate)[J].J Mater Chem 2003,13(6):1 248~1259.
[11]周菊兴,董永棋.不饱和聚酯树脂一生产及应用[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2001.
[12]唐皓,郭金龙.氢氧化镁与氢氧化铝阻燃剂对不饱和聚酯树脂阻燃性能影响的研究[J].消防技术与产品信息,2009,(9):49~51.
[13]李鑫,叶俊伟,丰世凤,等.水镁石粉体超细改性一体化处理及其阻燃应用研究[J].过程工程学报,2009,9(2):89~92.
[14]汪关才,卢忠远,胡晓平.水镁石/ATH/APP复合阻燃剂对UPR的阻燃抑烟性能的影响[J].中国塑料,2006,20(11):86~90.
[15]Fischer O,Pospiech D,Korwitz A,Sahre K,H?u?ler L,Friedel P,et al.Synthesis and properties of phosphorus polyesters with systematically altered phosphorus environment[J].Polym Degrad Stab,2011,96(12):2198~208.
[16]Chang Y L,Wang Y Z,Ban DM,Yang B,Zhao GM.A novel phosphoruscontaining polymer as a highly effective flame retardant[J].Macromol Mater Eng,2004,289(8):703~707.
[17]虞振飞,刘吉平,郭春花,等.新型磷系阻燃剂的合成与表征及其阻燃性能初探[J].化工新型材料,2005,33(12):39~41.
[18]马娟,刘一臣,曹晓光.无卤阻燃剂研究进展[J].化学工程师,2005,36(8):15~17.
[19]贡长生,朱丽君.磷系阻燃剂的合成和应用[J].化工技术经济,2002,32(2):9~12.
[20]FAWN M UHL,YAO QIANG,CHARLES A Wilkie.Formation of nanocomposites of styrene and its copolymers using graphite as the nanomaterial[J].Polymers for Advanced Technologies,2005,16(7):533~540.
[21]SHIH YENGHONG.Expandable graphite systems for phosphpruscontaining unsaturated polyester:kinetic study of degradation process[J].Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics,2005,206(3):383~392.
[22]高宗永.塑料无卤技术研究[J].精细石油化工进展,2003,4(3):34~37.
[23]蔡天聪,张萌,房晓敏,等.膨胀型阻燃剂的制备及应用[J].河南化工,2007,24(7):12~20.
[24]汪东才,卢忠远,胡小平,等.矿物/IFR复合阻燃剂对UPR抑烟、阻燃性能影响[J].阻燃材料与技术,2008,23(2):4~8.
[25]汪东才,卢忠远,胡小平,等.膨胀性阻燃UPR复合材料的阻燃及抑烟性能[J].功能高分子学报,2007,19/20(2):148~154.
[26]冯健中.不饱和聚酯/可膨胀石墨无卤阻燃体系的研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2007.
[27]李慧玲.含N、P、Cl反应型阻燃剂的合成与应用[J].胶体与聚合物,2000,18(4):39~41.
[2]黄发荣,郑安呐.塑料工业手册一不饱和聚酯树脂[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2001.
[3]张小苹.不饱和聚酯树脂及其新发展[J].玻璃钢,2008,(2):23-30.
[4]陈红,侯运城,邹林,等.2006~2007年国内外不饱和聚酯树脂工业进展[J].热固性树脂,2008,23(3):44~51.
[5]齐双春.反应型阻燃不饱和聚酯树脂品种研究进展[J].沧州师范学院学报,2011,27(2):118~120.
[6]Galip H,Hasipoglu H,Gunduz G.Flame-retardant polyester[J].J Appl Polym Sci 1999,74(12):2 906~2 910.
[7]Imamoglu T,Yagci Y.Photocuring of acrylate oligomers containing pentabromo benzylacrylate as flame-retarding monomer and properties of cured films[J].J Appl Polym Sci,2002,83(6):1 181~1 193.
[8]陈红,侯运城,邹林,等.2006~2007年国内外不饱和聚酯树脂工业进展[J].热固性树脂,2008,23(5):44~50.
[9]魏正英.阻燃剂在聚烯烃中的应用进展[J].现代塑料加工应用,2002,14(1):38~41.
[10]Wang YZ,Chen XT,Tang XD.A new approach for the simultaneous improvement of fire retardancy,tensile strength and melt dripping of poly(-ethylene terephthalate)[J].J Mater Chem 2003,13(6):1 248~1259.
[11]周菊兴,董永棋.不饱和聚酯树脂一生产及应用[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2001.
[12]唐皓,郭金龙.氢氧化镁与氢氧化铝阻燃剂对不饱和聚酯树脂阻燃性能影响的研究[J].消防技术与产品信息,2009,(9):49~51.
[13]李鑫,叶俊伟,丰世凤,等.水镁石粉体超细改性一体化处理及其阻燃应用研究[J].过程工程学报,2009,9(2):89~92.
[14]汪关才,卢忠远,胡晓平.水镁石/ATH/APP复合阻燃剂对UPR的阻燃抑烟性能的影响[J].中国塑料,2006,20(11):86~90.
[15]Fischer O,Pospiech D,Korwitz A,Sahre K,H?u?ler L,Friedel P,et al.Synthesis and properties of phosphorus polyesters with systematically altered phosphorus environment[J].Polym Degrad Stab,2011,96(12):2198~208.
[16]Chang Y L,Wang Y Z,Ban DM,Yang B,Zhao GM.A novel phosphoruscontaining polymer as a highly effective flame retardant[J].Macromol Mater Eng,2004,289(8):703~707.
[17]虞振飞,刘吉平,郭春花,等.新型磷系阻燃剂的合成与表征及其阻燃性能初探[J].化工新型材料,2005,33(12):39~41.
[18]马娟,刘一臣,曹晓光.无卤阻燃剂研究进展[J].化学工程师,2005,36(8):15~17.
[19]贡长生,朱丽君.磷系阻燃剂的合成和应用[J].化工技术经济,2002,32(2):9~12.
[20]FAWN M UHL,YAO QIANG,CHARLES A Wilkie.Formation of nanocomposites of styrene and its copolymers using graphite as the nanomaterial[J].Polymers for Advanced Technologies,2005,16(7):533~540.
[21]SHIH YENGHONG.Expandable graphite systems for phosphpruscontaining unsaturated polyester:kinetic study of degradation process[J].Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics,2005,206(3):383~392.
[22]高宗永.塑料无卤技术研究[J].精细石油化工进展,2003,4(3):34~37.
[23]蔡天聪,张萌,房晓敏,等.膨胀型阻燃剂的制备及应用[J].河南化工,2007,24(7):12~20.
[24]汪东才,卢忠远,胡小平,等.矿物/IFR复合阻燃剂对UPR抑烟、阻燃性能影响[J].阻燃材料与技术,2008,23(2):4~8.
[25]汪东才,卢忠远,胡小平,等.膨胀性阻燃UPR复合材料的阻燃及抑烟性能[J].功能高分子学报,2007,19/20(2):148~154.
[26]冯健中.不饱和聚酯/可膨胀石墨无卤阻燃体系的研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2007.
[27]李慧玲.含N、P、Cl反应型阻燃剂的合成与应用[J].胶体与聚合物,2000,18(4):39~41.