马铃薯主要病毒侵染不同品种症状及对产量的影响
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摘要
马铃薯病毒病严重影响马铃薯产量和质量,因此,在马铃薯生产中防控马铃薯病毒病尤为重要。用马铃薯A病毒(Potato virus A,PVA)、马铃薯Y病毒(Potato virus Y,PVY)、马铃薯X病毒(Potato virus X,PVX)、马铃薯M病毒(Potato virus M,PVM)、马铃薯S病毒(Potato virus S,PVS)、PVY+PVA、PVY+PVX、PVY+PVS以及PVY+类病毒(Potato spindle tuber viroid,PSTVd)共9种病毒或病毒(类病毒)组合于苗期接种黑龙江省10个马铃薯主栽品种,调查这些品种的株高、产量、大薯率和植株症状的变化。结果表明,复合侵染中PVY和PSTVd和单一侵染中PVY对马铃薯品种高度影响最大。10个供试马铃薯品种对含有PVY侵染的5个处理(PVY、PVY+PVX、PVY+PVA、PVY+PVS、PVY+PSTVd)均表现出了明显的症状。PVY+PVX和PVY+PSTVd复合侵染对10个马铃薯品种的产量和大薯率影响较大。调查了生产中常见病毒病和类病毒在黑龙江省主栽品种上造成的症状和危害,有助于在生产中对病害的识别和防控,降低病害的危害,提高马铃薯的质量和产量。
Potato viral disease seriously affects the yield and quality of potatoes. Therefore, the prevention and control of potato viral disease is particularly important in potato production. In this research, potato virus A(PVA), potato virus Y(PVY),potato virus X(PVX), potato virus M(PVM), potato virus S(PVS), PVY + PVA, PVY + PVX, PVY + PVS, and PVY + potato spindle tuber viroid(PSTVd) were inoculated at seedling stage onto ten main potato varieties in Heilongjiang Province, and plant height, tuber yield, large-sized tuber percentage and plant symptoms were investigated. Mixed infection of PVY +PSTVd, and PVY influenced the plant height most seriously. Ten potato varieties tested showed obvious symptoms in five treatments(PVY, PVY + PVX, PVY + PVA, PVY + PVS, and PVY + PSTVd) containing PVY infection. The infection of PVY +PVX and PVY + PSTVd had a great influence on the yield and large-sized tuber percentage of the ten potato varieties. This study investigated the symptoms and damages caused by common viral and viroid diseases in main varieties of Heilongjiang Province. It is helpful to identify and control viral diseases in production, reduce the damages of diseases, and improve the qualities and yields of potatoes.
Potato viral disease seriously affects the yield and quality of potatoes. Therefore, the prevention and control of potato viral disease is particularly important in potato production. In this research, potato virus A(PVA), potato virus Y(PVY),potato virus X(PVX), potato virus M(PVM), potato virus S(PVS), PVY + PVA, PVY + PVX, PVY + PVS, and PVY + potato spindle tuber viroid(PSTVd) were inoculated at seedling stage onto ten main potato varieties in Heilongjiang Province, and plant height, tuber yield, large-sized tuber percentage and plant symptoms were investigated. Mixed infection of PVY +PSTVd, and PVY influenced the plant height most seriously. Ten potato varieties tested showed obvious symptoms in five treatments(PVY, PVY + PVX, PVY + PVA, PVY + PVS, and PVY + PSTVd) containing PVY infection. The infection of PVY +PVX and PVY + PSTVd had a great influence on the yield and large-sized tuber percentage of the ten potato varieties. This study investigated the symptoms and damages caused by common viral and viroid diseases in main varieties of Heilongjiang Province. It is helpful to identify and control viral diseases in production, reduce the damages of diseases, and improve the qualities and yields of potatoes.
引文
[1]范国权,白艳菊,高艳玲,等.中国马铃薯主要病毒病发生情况调查与分析[J].东北农业大学学报, 2013, 44(7):74-79.
[2]高艳玲,张威,白艳菊,等.马铃薯主产区病毒病发生情况调查分析[J].植物保护, 2011(3):71-73.
[3]张威,白艳菊,高艳玲,等.马铃薯主产区病毒病发生情况调查[J].黑龙江农业科学, 2010(4):71-73.
[4] Salazar L F.马铃薯病毒及其防治[M].谢开云,译.北京:中国农业科技出版社, 2000:128-132.
[5]白艳菊,李学湛,吕典秋.应用DAS-ELISA法同时检测马铃薯病毒[J].中国马铃薯, 2000, 14(3):143-144.
[6]吴凌娟,张雅奎,董传民,等.马铃薯普通花叶病毒(PVX)抗血清的制备和不同酶联免疫吸附检测法的对比试验[J].中国马铃薯, 2001, 15(4):220-221.
[7]施曼玲,周雪平.植物病毒的诊断技术[J].微生物学通报, 2000,27(2):149-151.
[8]邱彩玲,吕文河,魏琪,等.马铃薯纺锤块茎类病毒检测技术比较与选择[J].中国马铃薯, 2013, 27(6):362-364.
[9]白艳菊,文景芝,杨明秀,等.西南地区与东北地区马铃薯主要病毒发生比较[J].东北农业大学学报, 2007, 38(6):33-36.
[10]管致和.蚜虫与植物病毒病[M].贵阳:贵州人民出版社, 1983:64-84.
[11]吴云峰.蚜虫传毒机制研究[J].西北农业大学学报, 1994(10):132-135.
[12]李之芳.中国马铃薯主要病毒图鉴[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2004:69-70.
[13]谢联军,林奇英.植物病毒学[M]. 2版.北京:中国农业出版社,2004:19-29.
[2]高艳玲,张威,白艳菊,等.马铃薯主产区病毒病发生情况调查分析[J].植物保护, 2011(3):71-73.
[3]张威,白艳菊,高艳玲,等.马铃薯主产区病毒病发生情况调查[J].黑龙江农业科学, 2010(4):71-73.
[4] Salazar L F.马铃薯病毒及其防治[M].谢开云,译.北京:中国农业科技出版社, 2000:128-132.
[5]白艳菊,李学湛,吕典秋.应用DAS-ELISA法同时检测马铃薯病毒[J].中国马铃薯, 2000, 14(3):143-144.
[6]吴凌娟,张雅奎,董传民,等.马铃薯普通花叶病毒(PVX)抗血清的制备和不同酶联免疫吸附检测法的对比试验[J].中国马铃薯, 2001, 15(4):220-221.
[7]施曼玲,周雪平.植物病毒的诊断技术[J].微生物学通报, 2000,27(2):149-151.
[8]邱彩玲,吕文河,魏琪,等.马铃薯纺锤块茎类病毒检测技术比较与选择[J].中国马铃薯, 2013, 27(6):362-364.
[9]白艳菊,文景芝,杨明秀,等.西南地区与东北地区马铃薯主要病毒发生比较[J].东北农业大学学报, 2007, 38(6):33-36.
[10]管致和.蚜虫与植物病毒病[M].贵阳:贵州人民出版社, 1983:64-84.
[11]吴云峰.蚜虫传毒机制研究[J].西北农业大学学报, 1994(10):132-135.
[12]李之芳.中国马铃薯主要病毒图鉴[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2004:69-70.
[13]谢联军,林奇英.植物病毒学[M]. 2版.北京:中国农业出版社,2004:19-29.