叶施硼、锌对油用牡丹‘凤丹’光合特性和矿质元素含量的影响
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摘要
以油用牡丹品种‘凤丹’为试验材料,研究硼肥、锌肥作为叶面肥喷施对其光合特性、叶片矿质元素含量、叶绿素含量的影响,为合理的油用牡丹栽培施肥技术提供理论依据。结果表明,叶施硼肥和锌肥能有效的增大自然状态下‘凤丹’日平均净光合速率(Pn)和气孔导度(Gs),单施硼肥、单施锌肥和硼锌配施日平均净光合速率较对照组分别高16.46%、19.35%和37.43%,增大了光合产物的积累。通过模型对光响应曲线和CO_2响应曲线进行拟合得出喷施硼肥和锌肥能够显著增大‘凤丹’潜在光合能力Pnmax值和Amax值,最大值分别可达15.12μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1)和34.59μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1),同时对其表观量子效率(AQY)、初始羧化效率(ACE)、光饱和点(LSP)和CO_2饱和点(CSP)也有所提高,使其能够适应更宽广的光照强度和CO_2浓度范围。施用硼肥和锌肥叶片叶绿素含量(Chl)有显著提高,Chla/Chlb值增大;对叶片矿质元素氮、磷、铁、锰、硼、锌含量影响较大。所有结果均以硼肥和锌肥配合施用效果最佳。
Taking common variety of Paeonia ostii ‘Feng Dan'as material,and using foliar spray method,the effects of boron and zinc fertilizer on photosynthetic characteristics,mineral elements content and chlorophyll content in leaf were examined to provide theoretical basis for the rational cultivation and fertilization of oil tree peony.The results showed that foliar fertilization with boron and zinc could effectively increase daily average net photosynthetic rate efficiency(Pn)and stomatal conductance(Gs)of‘Feng Dan'under natural conditions.The average net photosynthetic rates of single use of boron,zinc and combined use of both elements were 16.46%,19.35% and 37.43% higher than that of the control,which increased the accumulation of photosynthetic products.Through fitting the model to the light response curve and the CO_2 response curve,it was found that spraying boron and zinc fertilizer could increase the potential photosynthetic capacity Pnmaxand Amaxof‘Feng Dan'significantly,with the maximum values of 15.12μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1) and 34.59μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1),and at the same time,its apparent quantum efficiency(AQY),initial carboxylation efficiency(ACE),light saturation point(LSP)and CO_2 saturation point(CSP)were also improved,allowing it to adapt to a broader range of light intensity and CO_2 concentration range.The chlorophyll content(Chl)increased significantly through spraying boron and zinc fertilizer,and the value of Chla/Chlb was also improved.The application of boron and zinc also affected the contents of the mineral elements in the leaves with different degrees,especially nitrogen,phosphorus,iron,manganese,boron and zinc.All results were the best in the combined application of boron and zinc fertilizer.
Taking common variety of Paeonia ostii ‘Feng Dan'as material,and using foliar spray method,the effects of boron and zinc fertilizer on photosynthetic characteristics,mineral elements content and chlorophyll content in leaf were examined to provide theoretical basis for the rational cultivation and fertilization of oil tree peony.The results showed that foliar fertilization with boron and zinc could effectively increase daily average net photosynthetic rate efficiency(Pn)and stomatal conductance(Gs)of‘Feng Dan'under natural conditions.The average net photosynthetic rates of single use of boron,zinc and combined use of both elements were 16.46%,19.35% and 37.43% higher than that of the control,which increased the accumulation of photosynthetic products.Through fitting the model to the light response curve and the CO_2 response curve,it was found that spraying boron and zinc fertilizer could increase the potential photosynthetic capacity Pnmaxand Amaxof‘Feng Dan'significantly,with the maximum values of 15.12μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1) and 34.59μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1),and at the same time,its apparent quantum efficiency(AQY),initial carboxylation efficiency(ACE),light saturation point(LSP)and CO_2 saturation point(CSP)were also improved,allowing it to adapt to a broader range of light intensity and CO_2 concentration range.The chlorophyll content(Chl)increased significantly through spraying boron and zinc fertilizer,and the value of Chla/Chlb was also improved.The application of boron and zinc also affected the contents of the mineral elements in the leaves with different degrees,especially nitrogen,phosphorus,iron,manganese,boron and zinc.All results were the best in the combined application of boron and zinc fertilizer.
引文
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[25]VELICKA R,MARCINKEVICIENE A,RIMKEVICIENEM.Photosynthetic characteristics and productivity of spring rape plants as related to crop density[J].Russian Journal of Plant Physiology,2007,54(4):545-552.
[26]许大全.光合作用效率[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,2002:163-166.
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[28]张志浩,杨玉珍,李娟,等.油用牡丹凤丹光合特性[J].江苏农业科学,2018,46(5):113-116.ZHANG Z H,YANG Y Z,LI J,et al.Photosynthetic characteristics of Paeonia ostii[J].Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences,2018,46(5):113-116.(in Chinese)
[29]宗毓铮.四种微肥喷施对紫花苜蓿光合特性与元素吸收及有机物转运的影响[D].杨陵:西北农林科技大学,2010.
[30]李敏,吉文丽,张恒,等.外源Ca2+对油用牡丹凤丹白幼苗光合特性的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2017,32(5):39-45.LI M,JI W L,ZHANG H,et al.Effects of exogenous calcuim on photosynthetic characteristics and biomass of oil Paeonia ostii‘Fengdan White'[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2017,32(5):39-45.(in Chinese)
[31]熊彩云,曾伟,肖复明,等.木荷种源间光合作用参数分析[J].生态学报,2012,32(11):3628-3634.XIONG C Y,ZENG W,XIAO F M,et al.An analysis of photosynthetic parameters among Schima superba provenances[J].ACTA Ecologica Sinica,2012,32(11):3628-3634.(in Chinese)
[32]WATLING J R,PRESS M C,QUICK W P.Elevated CO2induces biochemical and ultrastructural changes in leaves of the C-4cereal sorghum[J].Plant Physiology,2000,123(3):1143-1152.
[33]ANDRADE F H,CALVINO P,CIRILO A,et al.Yield responses to narrow rows depend on increased radiation interception[J].Agronomy Journal,2002,94(5):975-980.
[34]李贻铨,杨承栋.中国林木施肥与营养诊断研究现状[J].世界林业研究,1998(3):59-66.LI Y Q,YANG C D.status of the research in fertilization and nutrient diagnosis of forest soil in China[J].World Forestry Research,1998(3):59-66.(in Chinese)
[35]OJEDA-BARRIOS D L,PEREA-PORTILLO E,HERNAN-DEZ-RODRIGUEZ O A,et al.Foliar fertilization with Zinc in pecan trees[J].Hortscience,2014,49(5):562-566.
[36]南丽丽,师尚礼,陈建纲,等.硼锌配施对苜蓿矿质元素和碳水化合物含量的影响[J].中国草地学报,2013,35(1):23-28,54.NAN L L,SHI S L,CHEN J G,et al.Effects of B and Zn on mineral element and carbohydrate of Alfalfa[J].Chinese Journal of Grassland,2013,35(1):23-28,54.(in Chinese)
[37]MAXWELL K,JOHNSON G N.Chlorophyll fluorescence-a practical guide[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,2000,51(345):659-668.
[38]WITTMANN C,ASCHAN G,PFANZ H.Leaf and twig photosynthesis of young beech(Fagus sylvatica)and aspen(Populus tremula)trees grown under different light regime[J].Basic and Applied Ecology,2001,2(2):145-154.
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[2]周琳,王雁.我国油用牡丹开发利用现状及产业化发展对策[J].世界林业研究,2014,27(1):68-71.ZHOU L,WANG Y.Development and utilization of oilseed peony and its industrial development strategy in China[J].World Forestry Research,2014,27(1):68-71.(in Chinese)
[3]中华人民共和国卫生部公告2011年第9号[Z].中华人民共和国卫生部公报,2011(4):7.
[4]周海梅,马锦琦,苗春雨,等.牡丹籽油的理化指标和脂肪酸成分分析[J].中国油脂,2009,34(7):72-74.ZHOU H M,MA J Q,MIAO C Y,et al.Physicochemical indexes and fatty acid composition of peony seed oil[J].China Oils and Fats,2009,34(7):72-74.(in Chinese)
[5]李凯,周宁,李赫宇.牡丹花、牡丹籽成分与功能研究进展[J].食品研究与开发,2012,33(3):228-230.LI K,ZHOU N,LI H Y.Composition and function research of peony flowers and peony seeds[J].Food Research and Developent,2012,33(3):228-230.(in Chinese)
[6]史国安,焦封喜,焦元鹏,等.中国油用牡丹的发展前景及对策[J].中国粮油学报,2014,29(9):124-128.SHI G A,JIAO F X,JIAO Y P,et al.Development prospects and strategies of oil tree peony industry in China[J].Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association,2014,29(9):124-128.(in Chinese)
[7]李林昊,张延龙,牛立新,等.秦岭地区‘凤丹’牡丹居群果期相关性状的表型多样性研究[J].西北林学院学报,2015,30(4):127-131.LI L H,ZHANG Y L,NIU L X,et al.Phenotypic variations of fruiting-related traits of populations in Paeonia ostii‘Feng Dan’native to Qinling Mountains[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2015,30(4):127-131.(in Chinese)
[8]IWAI H,HOKURA A,OISHI M,et al.The gene responsible for borate cross-linking of pectin rhamnogalacturonan-II is required for plant reproductive tissue development and fertilization[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2006,103(44):11659-16592.
[9]SAADATI S,MOALLEMI N,MORTAZAVI S,et al.Effects of zinc and boron foliar application on soluble carbohydrate and oil contents of three olive cultivars during fruit ripening[J].Scientia Horticulturae,2013,164:30-34.
[10]GRAHAM R D,SENADHIRA D,ORTIZ-MONASTERIO I.A strategy for breeding staple-food crops with high micronutrient density(reprinted from plant nutrition for sustainable food production and environment,1997)[J].Soil Science and Plant Nutrition,1997,43(Supp.1):1153-1157.
[11]ALEXANDER J S.Global impacts of human mineral malnutrition[J].Plant and Soil,2010,335(1/2):133-154.
[12]KENNETH H B,RIVERA J A,BHUTTA Z,et al.International zinc nutrition consultative group(IZiNCG)technical document#1.assessment of the risk of zinc deficiency in populations and options for its control[J].Food and Nutrition Bulletin,2004,25(Supp.1):99-203.
[13]CAKMAK I,KURZ H,MARSCHNER H.Short-term effects of boron,germanium and high light-intensity on membranepermeability in boron deficient leaves of sunflower[J].Physiologia Plantarum,1995,95(1):11-18.
[14]刘美英,高炳德,吕福虎.锌肥、硼肥及其交互作用对春小麦籽粒品质的影响[J].干旱区资源与环境,2016,30(1):175-179.LIU M Y,GAO B D,LV F H.Effects of Zinc fertilizer,Boron fertilizer and their interaction on the grain quality of spring wheat[J].Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,2016,30(1):175-179.(in Chinese)
[15]王苏影,颜廷献,徐宝庆,等.配施硼、锌肥及施用方法对芝麻生长及产量的影响[J].江西农业学报,2014,26(12):35-37.WANG S Y,YAN T X,XU B Q,et al.Effects of combined application and application methods of Boron and Zinc fertilizer on growth and yield of sesame[J].ACTA Agriculturae Jiangxi,2014,26(12):35-37.(in Chinese)
[16]刘宗海,李玉平,蔡兰英.赤水紫泥泡冬田水稻施用锌、硼肥效应分析[J].耕作与栽培,2016(4):24-25,38,82.LIU Z H,LI Y P,CAI L Y.Effect of Zn,B fertilizers on rice in purple caly and soaked field of Chishui[J].Tillage and Cultivation,2016(4):24-25,38,82.(in Chinese)
[17]ZHANG Y Q,SHI R L,REZAUL K M,et al.Iron and Zinc concentrations in grain and flour of winter wheat as affected by foliar application[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2010,58(23):11227-12268.
[18]刘铮.中国土壤微量元素[M].南京:江苏科学技术出版社,1979:92-130.
[19]YE Z P.A new model for relationship between irradiance and the rate of photosynthesis in Oryza sativa[J].Photosynthetica,2007,45(4):637-640.
[20]YE Z P,YU Q.A coupled model of stomatal conductance and photosynthesis for winter wheat[J].Photosynthetica,2008,46(4):637-640.
[21]叶子飘,于强.光合作用对胞间和大气CO2响应曲线的比较[J].生态学杂志,2009,28(11):2233-2238.YE Z P,YU Q.A comparison of response curves of winter wheat photosynthesis to flag leaf intercellular and air CO2concentrations[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2009,28(11):2233-2238.(in Chinese)
[22]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2000:325-328.
[23]PORRA R J.The chequered history of the development and use of simultaneous equations for the accurate determination of chlorophylls a and b[J].Photosynthesis Research,2002,73(1-3):149-156.
[24]潘瑞炽,王小菁,李娘辉.植物生理学[M].4版.北京:高等教育出版社,2001:55-98.
[25]VELICKA R,MARCINKEVICIENE A,RIMKEVICIENEM.Photosynthetic characteristics and productivity of spring rape plants as related to crop density[J].Russian Journal of Plant Physiology,2007,54(4):545-552.
[26]许大全.光合作用效率[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,2002:163-166.
[27]HETHERINGTON A M,WOODWARD F I.The role of stomata in sensing and driving environmental change[J].Nature,2003,424(6951):901-908.
[28]张志浩,杨玉珍,李娟,等.油用牡丹凤丹光合特性[J].江苏农业科学,2018,46(5):113-116.ZHANG Z H,YANG Y Z,LI J,et al.Photosynthetic characteristics of Paeonia ostii[J].Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences,2018,46(5):113-116.(in Chinese)
[29]宗毓铮.四种微肥喷施对紫花苜蓿光合特性与元素吸收及有机物转运的影响[D].杨陵:西北农林科技大学,2010.
[30]李敏,吉文丽,张恒,等.外源Ca2+对油用牡丹凤丹白幼苗光合特性的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2017,32(5):39-45.LI M,JI W L,ZHANG H,et al.Effects of exogenous calcuim on photosynthetic characteristics and biomass of oil Paeonia ostii‘Fengdan White'[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2017,32(5):39-45.(in Chinese)
[31]熊彩云,曾伟,肖复明,等.木荷种源间光合作用参数分析[J].生态学报,2012,32(11):3628-3634.XIONG C Y,ZENG W,XIAO F M,et al.An analysis of photosynthetic parameters among Schima superba provenances[J].ACTA Ecologica Sinica,2012,32(11):3628-3634.(in Chinese)
[32]WATLING J R,PRESS M C,QUICK W P.Elevated CO2induces biochemical and ultrastructural changes in leaves of the C-4cereal sorghum[J].Plant Physiology,2000,123(3):1143-1152.
[33]ANDRADE F H,CALVINO P,CIRILO A,et al.Yield responses to narrow rows depend on increased radiation interception[J].Agronomy Journal,2002,94(5):975-980.
[34]李贻铨,杨承栋.中国林木施肥与营养诊断研究现状[J].世界林业研究,1998(3):59-66.LI Y Q,YANG C D.status of the research in fertilization and nutrient diagnosis of forest soil in China[J].World Forestry Research,1998(3):59-66.(in Chinese)
[35]OJEDA-BARRIOS D L,PEREA-PORTILLO E,HERNAN-DEZ-RODRIGUEZ O A,et al.Foliar fertilization with Zinc in pecan trees[J].Hortscience,2014,49(5):562-566.
[36]南丽丽,师尚礼,陈建纲,等.硼锌配施对苜蓿矿质元素和碳水化合物含量的影响[J].中国草地学报,2013,35(1):23-28,54.NAN L L,SHI S L,CHEN J G,et al.Effects of B and Zn on mineral element and carbohydrate of Alfalfa[J].Chinese Journal of Grassland,2013,35(1):23-28,54.(in Chinese)
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