北京市三级甲等医院青年医护人员社会支持现状与影响因素分析
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摘要
目的分析北京市三级甲等医院青年医护人员社会支持现状及其主要影响因素,为医院管理者对青年医护人员社会支持进行有效促进和干预提供依据。方法 2016年8~10月采用多阶段分层抽样方法,随机抽取北京市5家三级甲等医院年龄<35岁的674名在职青年医护人员作为调查对象进行问卷调查,收回有效问卷663份。调查问卷由一般信息调查表(MBI-HSS)和社会支持评定量表(SSRS)组成。结果 663名在职青年医护人员社会支持的总体得分为(37.35±8.04)分,其中社会支持处于高水平、中等水平和低水平分别有135名(20.4%)、503名(75.9%)、25名(3.8%)。多元线性回归分析结果显示,婚姻、职业喜爱自评、子女、拓展培训、周工作量、住房情况是社会支持总分的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论北京市三甲医院青年医护人员社会支持相对不足,建议医院管理部门对青年医护人员采取开展职业认同教育和拓展培训等措施提升青年医护人员社会支持水平。
Objective To investigate and analyze the social support and main influence factors among young medical care personnel in tertiary grade A hospitals in Beijing, so as to provide the basis for hospital managers to effectively promote and intervene the social support of young medical care personnel. Methods Multi-stage stratified sampling method was used to randomly select 674 in-service young medical care personnel aged less than 35 years from 5 tertiary grade A hospitals in Beijing, the questionnaire survey was conducted from August to October 2016 and 663 valid questionnaires were retrieved. The questionnaire consisted of a demographic data scale, the Chinese version of Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey(MBI-HSS) and the social support rating scale(SSRS). Results The total score of social support of 663 young medical care personnel was(37.35±8.04) points, and the numbers of people were 135(20.4%), 503(75.9%) and 25(3.8%) that were classified as high, medium and low level of social support respectively. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that, marriage, self-evaluation of career preference, children, development training, weekly workload and housing were the influence factors of social support scores(P < 0.05). Conclusion The social support of young medical care personnel in tertiary grade A hospitals in Beijing is relatively inadequate. Hospital management should take the vocational identity education, expand training and other measures to raise the level of social support for young medical care personnel.
Objective To investigate and analyze the social support and main influence factors among young medical care personnel in tertiary grade A hospitals in Beijing, so as to provide the basis for hospital managers to effectively promote and intervene the social support of young medical care personnel. Methods Multi-stage stratified sampling method was used to randomly select 674 in-service young medical care personnel aged less than 35 years from 5 tertiary grade A hospitals in Beijing, the questionnaire survey was conducted from August to October 2016 and 663 valid questionnaires were retrieved. The questionnaire consisted of a demographic data scale, the Chinese version of Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey(MBI-HSS) and the social support rating scale(SSRS). Results The total score of social support of 663 young medical care personnel was(37.35±8.04) points, and the numbers of people were 135(20.4%), 503(75.9%) and 25(3.8%) that were classified as high, medium and low level of social support respectively. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that, marriage, self-evaluation of career preference, children, development training, weekly workload and housing were the influence factors of social support scores(P < 0.05). Conclusion The social support of young medical care personnel in tertiary grade A hospitals in Beijing is relatively inadequate. Hospital management should take the vocational identity education, expand training and other measures to raise the level of social support for young medical care personnel.
引文
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[2]陈曲,刘旭,孟开.北京市三级甲等医院青年医护人员职业倦怠现状及其影响因素分析[J].中国全科医学,2018,21(2):223-231.
[3]唐勤.社会支持评定量表评定住院学龄儿童身心健康的研究[J].四川医学,2007,28(10):1175-1176.
[4]Van BI,Mulder RH,Konig C,et al.Toward a mediation model for nurses'well-being and psychological distress effects of quality of leadership and social support at work[J].Medicine,2017,96(15):e6505.
[5]Aronsson G,Theorell T,Grape T,et al.A systematic review including meta-analysis of work environment and burnout symptoms[J].BMC Public Health,2017,17(1):264.
[6]陈曲,孟开,刘旭,等.基于文献计量法的我国医护人员职业倦怠研究现状分析[J].中国健康教育,2017,33(4):346-348,353.
[7]肖水源.《社会支持评定量表》的理论基础与研究应用[J].临床精神医学杂志,1994(2):98-100.
[8]余善法,张锐,马良庆,等.职业紧张测量工具研究[J].河南医学研究,2000,9(2):171-174.
[9]姜乾金.领悟社会支持量表[J].中国行为医学科学,2000,9(1):41-42.
[10]刘继文,李富业,连玉龙.社会支持评定量表的信度效度研究[J].新疆医科大学学报,2008,31(1):1-3.
[11]王志翠,刘蕾.ICU护士抑郁、社会支持现状及其相关性分析[J].沈阳医学院学报,2017,19(3):266-268,271.
[12]梁添玉,陈涵,黄艳,等.福州地区急诊科护士主观幸福感与社会支持的相关性研究[J].中华护理杂志,2015,50(8):1014-1017.
[13]汪兆平.医疗资源均衡配置VS顶尖专科排行[J].中国医院院长,2013(22):56-64.
[14]周洁.公立医院医务人员离职因素调查探析[J].现代医院,2012,12(6):133-134.
[15]方颖,王琳,张敏.护士离职意愿与其社会支持的相关性[J].解放军护理杂志,2013,30(4):20-22.
[16]杨春江,马钦海,曾先峰.从留职视角预测离职:工作嵌入研究述评[J].南开管理评论,2010,13(2):105-118,131.
[17]周妹,姬栋岩,李文娟.呼和浩特三甲医院护士社会支持现状调查分析[J].护理学杂志,2015,30(5):73-74.
[18]张红辉,刘怡素,何国平,等.长沙市省级综合三级甲等医院ICU护士职业倦怠现状及其影响因素分析[J].护理管理杂志,2013,13(4):229-231.
[19]Verweij H,Van FMMA,Van MLM,et al.The contribution of work characteristics,home characteristics and gender to burnout in medical residents[J].Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract,2017,22(4):803-818.
[20]Jesse MT,Abouljoud M,Eshelman A.Determinants of burnout among transplant surgeons:a national survey in the United States[J].Ame J Transplant,2015,15(3):772-778.