恩施玉露滚筒式整形上光机的研制与试验
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摘要
针对恩施玉露机械做形时存在的色泽差、断碎多、条不直等问题,该文设计一种适用于恩施玉露整形上光的滚筒式整形上光机。它主要由机架、电机、斜度调节装置、整形上光装置、传动装置、行走组件等零部件组成,其中整形上光装置能仿手工恩施玉露整形上光工艺完成整形上光机械作业,茶叶投入量为3～5kg/次。以龙井43#茶树品种为原料,使用样机进行成条率、碎茶率试验。试验结果表明:该机在茶叶含水量为28%～30%,炒制温度为100℃,外滚筒转速为8r/min,内滚筒转速为12r/min,作业时间为40 min的条件下,不同投叶量的成条率平均为89.9%,碎茶率平均为5.4%,能满足恩施玉露机械化整形上光的需要。
Aiming at the problems of poor color,broken pieces and uneven strip in the mechanical shaping for Enshi Yulu,this paper designs a drum shaping and glazing machine suitable for the shaping and glazing of Enshi Yulu.It is mainly composed of frame,motor,slope adjustment device,plastic glazing device,transmission device,walking components and other parts.Plastic glazing device can complete mechanical operation of plastic glazing by imitating the manual shaping and glazing technology of Enshi Yulu,input of tea is 3～5kg/time.Taking longjing 43#tea tree variety as the raw material,the sample machine was used to test the rolled twig rate and broken tea rate.When the moisture content of tea is 28%～30%,the stir-frying temperature is 100℃,the rotating speed of outer drum is 8r/min,the rotating speed of inner drum is 12r/min and the operating time is 40 min,The average rolled twig rate is89.9%,and the average broken tea rate is 5.4%.Which can meet the needs of mechanized shaping and polishing of Enshi Yulu.
Aiming at the problems of poor color,broken pieces and uneven strip in the mechanical shaping for Enshi Yulu,this paper designs a drum shaping and glazing machine suitable for the shaping and glazing of Enshi Yulu.It is mainly composed of frame,motor,slope adjustment device,plastic glazing device,transmission device,walking components and other parts.Plastic glazing device can complete mechanical operation of plastic glazing by imitating the manual shaping and glazing technology of Enshi Yulu,input of tea is 3～5kg/time.Taking longjing 43#tea tree variety as the raw material,the sample machine was used to test the rolled twig rate and broken tea rate.When the moisture content of tea is 28%～30%,the stir-frying temperature is 100℃,the rotating speed of outer drum is 8r/min,the rotating speed of inner drum is 12r/min and the operating time is 40 min,The average rolled twig rate is89.9%,and the average broken tea rate is 5.4%.Which can meet the needs of mechanized shaping and polishing of Enshi Yulu.
引文
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[2]张强,侯伟华,梁金波,等.60K-S精揉机在恩施玉露加工中的应用技术研究[J].福建茶叶,2010(9):26-28.
[3]田波平,孙秋梅,廖庆喜,等.6CZZ-600型针形名优茶做形机及成型工艺优化[J].农业工程学报,2015,21(4):65-68.Tian Boping,Sun Qiumei,Liao Qingxi,et al.6CZZ-600shaper and its optimized technology for famous needle-type tea[J].Transactions of the CSAE,2005,21(4):65-68.
[4]侯伟华,张强,崔清梅,等.针形绿茶做形机械研究进展[J].茶叶,2010,36(2):67-70.
[5]赵瑶,封雯,贺勇,等.针形名优绿茶固形机的研制与固形工艺优化[J].华中农业大学学报,2014,33(2):116-122.Zhao Yao,Feng Wen,He Yong,et al.Development of shape-fixing machine and optimization for shape fixation of needle-shaped famous green tea[J].Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University,2014,33(2):116-122.
[6]侯伟华,张强,崔清梅,等.恩施玉露整形上光机的设计概念[J].茶叶,2011,37(3):166-169.Hou Weihua,Zhang Qiang,Cui Qingmei,et al.Conceptual design of shape-polished machine for Enshi Yulu processing[J].Journal of Tea,2011,37(3):166-169.
[7]胡光华,李浩权,赵超艺,等.红条茶清洁化连续加工生产线研究与应用[J].中国农机化学报,2013,34(2):109-112,138.Hu Guanghua,Li Haoquan,Zhao Chaoyi,et al.Development and application of clean production line for congou black tea[J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2013,34(2):109-112,138.
[8]成大先.机械设计手册[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2004.
[9]濮良贵,纪名刚.机械设计[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2005.
[10]刘平凡.变频器与外围设备的选择[J].电机与控制应用,2012,39(5):55-58.
[11]葛芸萍.电机调速应用技术及实训[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2010.
[12]肖宏儒,钟成义,宋卫东,等.新型茶叶理条机的研究与开发[J].中国农机化,2007,28(4):65-69.Xiao Hongru,Zhong Chengyi,Song Weidong,et al.The design and research of swing tea carding machine[J].Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2007,28(4):65-69.
[13]王鹏,郑博闻,秦付军,等.电锅炉智能控制系统及其FPGA实现[J].中国农机化学报,2014,35(5):224-227,250.Wang Peng,Zheng Bowen,Qin Fujun,et al.Electric boiler intelligent control system and its FPGA implementation[J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2014,35(5):224-227,250.
[14]王金双,熊永森,陈霓,等.双滚筒轴向脱粒装置研制与试验[J].中国农机化学报,2014,35(3):10-14,18.Wang Jinshuang,Xiong Yongsen,Chen Ni,et al.Design and test on axial threshing double-rotor[J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2014,35(3):10-14,18.
[15]郭俊先,张学军,靳伟.曲轴滚筒式捡膜机构的设计与运动特性分析[J].中国农机化学报,2016,37(5):23-26,18.Guo Junxian,Zhang Xuejun,Jin Wei.Analysis on motion characteristics and design on roller mechanism equipped with fixed crankshaft for collecting residual film[J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2016,37(5):23-26,18.