端粒酶与体细胞重编程的最新研究进展
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摘要
端粒酶与体细胞重编程是当今生物界最热门的研究领域之一。研究端粒酶能揭示生物体胚胎早期发育、衰老和癌症发生的机制;细胞重编程则有望从根本上解决体细胞克隆技术问题,从而开启生命再造新时代。文章通过对端粒酶与体细胞重编程及二者互作机制的最新研究进展进行详细阐述,发现细胞重编程面临的主要问题是效率低下,其根本原因是对其作用机制尚未完全了解;而最新研究证实,生殖细胞的端粒酶活性发生时序性变化可能在胚胎发育及细胞重编程过程中发挥重要调控作用。因此,揭示细胞重编程机制是今后研究工作的重心,尤其是揭示端粒酶在胚胎发育过程的分子调控机理及端粒酶调控细胞重编程可能开启的信号通路,对提高细胞重编程效率,推进克隆动物的生产实践并开启生命再造,以及为治疗癌症等人类重大疾病具有重要意义。
Telomerase and somatic cell reprogramming have newly been the subject of extensive study in recent years. Telomerase research is expected to reveal the mechanism of early embryonic development,aging and cancer occurrence,and nuclear reprogramming is expected to fundamentally solve the problem of somatic cell cloning technology,thus opening up a new era of life reconstruction. This paper reviewed the latest research progress on the interaction mechanism between telomerase and somatic cell reprogramming. At present,the main problem of cell reprogramming is inefficiency because its mechanism is not completely understood. However,recent studies have confirmed that temporal variation of telomerase activity in germ cells might play a very important regulatory role in embryonic development and cell reprogramming. Therefore,revealing the cell reprogramming mechanism is the key in the future,especially revealing the molecular regulation mechanism of telomerase during embryonic development and the signal pathway might be opened by telomerase regulation cell reprogramming. The aim is to improve the efficiency of cell reprogramming,promote the production of cloned animals,open up life reconstruction,and treat human diseases such as cancer.
Telomerase and somatic cell reprogramming have newly been the subject of extensive study in recent years. Telomerase research is expected to reveal the mechanism of early embryonic development,aging and cancer occurrence,and nuclear reprogramming is expected to fundamentally solve the problem of somatic cell cloning technology,thus opening up a new era of life reconstruction. This paper reviewed the latest research progress on the interaction mechanism between telomerase and somatic cell reprogramming. At present,the main problem of cell reprogramming is inefficiency because its mechanism is not completely understood. However,recent studies have confirmed that temporal variation of telomerase activity in germ cells might play a very important regulatory role in embryonic development and cell reprogramming. Therefore,revealing the cell reprogramming mechanism is the key in the future,especially revealing the molecular regulation mechanism of telomerase during embryonic development and the signal pathway might be opened by telomerase regulation cell reprogramming. The aim is to improve the efficiency of cell reprogramming,promote the production of cloned animals,open up life reconstruction,and treat human diseases such as cancer.
引文
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