钦州湾海域不同季节尿素与浮游植物脲酶活性分布特征
|
摘要
2015年至2016年间,对钦州湾海域开展了四个航次调查研究,结合其它理化环境因子,对该海域尿素含量和浮游植物脲酶活性季节分布特征及影响因素以及尿素的来源和生物可利用性进行了初步探讨。结果表明,钦州湾表层水体中尿素分布呈现明显的由内湾向外湾递减的趋势,含量范围为0.24～5.14μmol N/L,平均值夏季>春季>冬季>秋季,其中夏季尿素平均值为3.30±1.14μmol N/L。浮游植物脲酶活性为0.15～2.60μmol N/(L·h),冬季浮游植物脲酶活性最高,平均为0.91±0.55μmol N/(L·h),其次是秋季和夏季,春季脲酶活性最低。不同季节尿素含量均≥1.00μmol N/L,占溶解态有机氮(DON)的1.2%～63.0%,平均值为(15.6±14.2)%,表明尿素是钦州湾海域的重要氮源。钦州湾尿素含量和分布主要决定于陆源输入,尿素是DON的重要组成部分,故钦州湾DON具有较高的生物可利用性,为该海域浮游植物生长提供重要的氮源。
To study distributing characteristic and influencing factors of urea concentration and urease activities in different seasons in Qinzhou bay,four field cruises were carried out in in 2015～2016,base on the data the source and bioavailability of urea for phytoplankton were discussed together with other environmental parameters.Results showed that urea distribution in surface waters of Qinzhou bay presented obvious decreasing from the inner bay to the outer bay,the concentration of urea ranged from 0.24 to 5.14 μmol N/L,arranged in order of its average is summer>spring>winter>autumn,its average was 3.30 ± 1.14 μmol N/L in the summer.The urease activitie of plankton ranged from 0.15～2.60 μmol N/(L·h) with the maximum average(0.91 ± 0.55 μmol N/(L·h)) in the winter and the minimum in the spring,while summer and autumn were in the middle.The concentration of urea in all seasons was equal or greater than 1.00 μmol N/Land accounted for 1.2% ～ 63.0% of dissolved organic nitrogen(DON),with a mean of(15.6 ± 14.2)%,which suggested that urea was an important nitrogen source in Qinzhou bay.In conclusion,the distribution of urea in Qinzhou bay mainly depends on the river input,and urea constituted a significant component of DON,so DON may have high biological availability for the phytoplankton growth as an important source of nitrogen.
To study distributing characteristic and influencing factors of urea concentration and urease activities in different seasons in Qinzhou bay,four field cruises were carried out in in 2015～2016,base on the data the source and bioavailability of urea for phytoplankton were discussed together with other environmental parameters.Results showed that urea distribution in surface waters of Qinzhou bay presented obvious decreasing from the inner bay to the outer bay,the concentration of urea ranged from 0.24 to 5.14 μmol N/L,arranged in order of its average is summer>spring>winter>autumn,its average was 3.30 ± 1.14 μmol N/L in the summer.The urease activitie of plankton ranged from 0.15～2.60 μmol N/(L·h) with the maximum average(0.91 ± 0.55 μmol N/(L·h)) in the winter and the minimum in the spring,while summer and autumn were in the middle.The concentration of urea in all seasons was equal or greater than 1.00 μmol N/Land accounted for 1.2% ～ 63.0% of dissolved organic nitrogen(DON),with a mean of(15.6 ± 14.2)%,which suggested that urea was an important nitrogen source in Qinzhou bay.In conclusion,the distribution of urea in Qinzhou bay mainly depends on the river input,and urea constituted a significant component of DON,so DON may have high biological availability for the phytoplankton growth as an important source of nitrogen.
引文
[1] 石强,陈江麟,李崇德.渤海无机氮年际变化分析[J].海洋通报,2002,21(2):22-29.
[2] GLIBERT P M,HARRISON J,HEI C,et al.Escalating worldwide use of urea-a global change contributing to coastal eutrophication[J].Biogeochemistry,2006,77(3):441-463.
[3] FAN C L,GLIBERT P M,BURKHOLDE J M.Characterization of the affinity for nitrogen,uptake kinetics,and environmental relationships for Prorocentrum minimum in natural blooms and laboratory cultures[J].Harmful Algae,2003,2(4):283-299.
[4] SOLOMON C M,ALEXANDER J A,GLIBERT P M.Measuring urease activity in aquatic environmental samples[J].Limnology and Oceanography:Methods,2007,5(9):280-288.
[5] GLIBERT P M,MAGNIEN R,LOMAS M W,et al.Harmful algal blooms in the Chesapeake and coastal bays of Maryland,USA:comparison of 1997,1998,and 1999 events[J].Estuaries,2001,24(6):875-883.
[6] 陈春福.海南省海岸带和海洋资源与环境问题及对策研究[J].海洋通报,2002,21(2):62-67.
[7] 潘英姿,宋福,高吉喜,等.海南省近岸海域水生生态污染研究[J].环境科学研究,2007,20(1):58-63.
[8] SOLOMON C M,GLIBERT P M.Urease activity in five phytoplankton species[J].Aquatic Microbial Ecology,2008,52(2):149-157.
[9] HAN T T,QI Z H,HUANG H H,et al.Biochemical and uptake responses of the macroalga Gracilaria lemaneiformis under urea enrichment conditions[J].Aquatic Botany,2017,136:197-204.
[10] REVILLA M,ALEXANDER J,GLIBERT P M.Urea analysis in coastal waters:comparison of enzymatic and direct methods[J].Limnology and Oceanography:Methods,2005,3(7):290-299.
[11] GOEYENS L,KINDERMANS N,YUSUF M A,et al.A room temperature procedure for the manual determination of urea in seawater[J].Estuarine,Coastal and Shelf Science,1998,47(4):415-418.
[12] 覃仙玲,陈宪云,赖俊翔,等.钦州湾表层海水中总溶解态氮磷分布特征及季节变化[J].海洋环境科学,2017,36(3):349-353.
[13] 吴敏兰.北部湾北部海域营养盐的分布特征及其对生态系统的影响研究[D].厦门:厦门大学.2014.
[14] 姜聪聪,杨南南,王伟,等.胶州湾不同季节尿素分布特征和来源探讨[J].环境化学,2014,33(12):2162-2168.
[15] 张云,黄凯旋,欧林坚,等.大亚湾海域尿素与浮游生物脲酶活性研究[J].2014,33(1):90-96.
[16] 黄凯旋,张云,欧林坚,等.春季海南岛近岸海域尿素与浮游生物的脲酶活性[J].生态学报,2013,33(15):4575-4582.
[17] 李志林,石晓勇,张传松.春季黄渤海海水中尿素分布特征及溶解态氮的组成[J].环境科学,2015,36(11):3999-4004.
[18] 王雪景,石晓勇,赵玉庭,等.2011年春季东海赤潮高发区尿素分布特征及影响因素[J].海洋学报,2015,37(2):65-74.
[19] 韩婷婷,齐占会,戴明,等.大鹏澳不同区域尿素浓度与浮游植物脲酶活性的研究[J].南方水产科学,2016,12(2):7-12.
[20] 徐宁,孙树刚,段舜山,等.海洋微藻脲酶活性测定方法的实验研究[J].中国环境科学,2010,30(5):689-693.
[21] 陈园,徐宁,段舜山.有机氮比例和光强对赤潮藻球形棕囊藻生长和光合作用的影响[J].生态环境学报,2011,20(3):499-504.
[2] GLIBERT P M,HARRISON J,HEI C,et al.Escalating worldwide use of urea-a global change contributing to coastal eutrophication[J].Biogeochemistry,2006,77(3):441-463.
[3] FAN C L,GLIBERT P M,BURKHOLDE J M.Characterization of the affinity for nitrogen,uptake kinetics,and environmental relationships for Prorocentrum minimum in natural blooms and laboratory cultures[J].Harmful Algae,2003,2(4):283-299.
[4] SOLOMON C M,ALEXANDER J A,GLIBERT P M.Measuring urease activity in aquatic environmental samples[J].Limnology and Oceanography:Methods,2007,5(9):280-288.
[5] GLIBERT P M,MAGNIEN R,LOMAS M W,et al.Harmful algal blooms in the Chesapeake and coastal bays of Maryland,USA:comparison of 1997,1998,and 1999 events[J].Estuaries,2001,24(6):875-883.
[6] 陈春福.海南省海岸带和海洋资源与环境问题及对策研究[J].海洋通报,2002,21(2):62-67.
[7] 潘英姿,宋福,高吉喜,等.海南省近岸海域水生生态污染研究[J].环境科学研究,2007,20(1):58-63.
[8] SOLOMON C M,GLIBERT P M.Urease activity in five phytoplankton species[J].Aquatic Microbial Ecology,2008,52(2):149-157.
[9] HAN T T,QI Z H,HUANG H H,et al.Biochemical and uptake responses of the macroalga Gracilaria lemaneiformis under urea enrichment conditions[J].Aquatic Botany,2017,136:197-204.
[10] REVILLA M,ALEXANDER J,GLIBERT P M.Urea analysis in coastal waters:comparison of enzymatic and direct methods[J].Limnology and Oceanography:Methods,2005,3(7):290-299.
[11] GOEYENS L,KINDERMANS N,YUSUF M A,et al.A room temperature procedure for the manual determination of urea in seawater[J].Estuarine,Coastal and Shelf Science,1998,47(4):415-418.
[12] 覃仙玲,陈宪云,赖俊翔,等.钦州湾表层海水中总溶解态氮磷分布特征及季节变化[J].海洋环境科学,2017,36(3):349-353.
[13] 吴敏兰.北部湾北部海域营养盐的分布特征及其对生态系统的影响研究[D].厦门:厦门大学.2014.
[14] 姜聪聪,杨南南,王伟,等.胶州湾不同季节尿素分布特征和来源探讨[J].环境化学,2014,33(12):2162-2168.
[15] 张云,黄凯旋,欧林坚,等.大亚湾海域尿素与浮游生物脲酶活性研究[J].2014,33(1):90-96.
[16] 黄凯旋,张云,欧林坚,等.春季海南岛近岸海域尿素与浮游生物的脲酶活性[J].生态学报,2013,33(15):4575-4582.
[17] 李志林,石晓勇,张传松.春季黄渤海海水中尿素分布特征及溶解态氮的组成[J].环境科学,2015,36(11):3999-4004.
[18] 王雪景,石晓勇,赵玉庭,等.2011年春季东海赤潮高发区尿素分布特征及影响因素[J].海洋学报,2015,37(2):65-74.
[19] 韩婷婷,齐占会,戴明,等.大鹏澳不同区域尿素浓度与浮游植物脲酶活性的研究[J].南方水产科学,2016,12(2):7-12.
[20] 徐宁,孙树刚,段舜山,等.海洋微藻脲酶活性测定方法的实验研究[J].中国环境科学,2010,30(5):689-693.
[21] 陈园,徐宁,段舜山.有机氮比例和光强对赤潮藻球形棕囊藻生长和光合作用的影响[J].生态环境学报,2011,20(3):499-504.