碳酸钙含量对钙质砂性质影响的室内试验研究
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摘要
通过室内试验的方法,研究了碳酸钙(CaCO3)含量变化对钙质砂的颗粒破碎和宏观力学特性的影响。试验结果表明:取自南海海域的钙质砂样碳酸钙含量为95.8%,并表现出高孔隙、棱角明显等特征。钙质砂颗粒破碎本质上是颗粒间应力集中的表现,随着碳酸钙含量的增加、粒径的增大,钙质砂的内摩擦角和相对破碎率明显增加;颗粒破碎导致级配曲线向良好的方向发展,同时,引起较高应力条件下的强度包线具有非线性的特征。相对破碎率随正应力和碳酸钙含量的变化规律可用一组二元双曲线函数关系式表示。
The influence of calcium carbonate content on particle breakage and macroscopic mechanical properties of calcareous sand was systematically studied by indoor experiment.Experimental results show that the calcium carbonate content of the calcareous sand taken from the South China Sea is95.8%and the calcareous sand is characterized by the angularity,and high void ratio.The breakage of calcareous sand is essentially result from stress concentration between particles;with the increase of calcium carbonate content and particle size,the friction angles and relative breakage index of calcareous sand increase significantly.Particle breakage not only leads to the particle size distribution into good gradation,but also caused the shear strength envelope expressed nonlinear characteristic under higher normal stress;and with the change of the normal stress and the calcium carbonate content,a set of two variables hyperbola function can be used to describe the change rule of relative breakage index.
The influence of calcium carbonate content on particle breakage and macroscopic mechanical properties of calcareous sand was systematically studied by indoor experiment.Experimental results show that the calcium carbonate content of the calcareous sand taken from the South China Sea is95.8%and the calcareous sand is characterized by the angularity,and high void ratio.The breakage of calcareous sand is essentially result from stress concentration between particles;with the increase of calcium carbonate content and particle size,the friction angles and relative breakage index of calcareous sand increase significantly.Particle breakage not only leads to the particle size distribution into good gradation,but also caused the shear strength envelope expressed nonlinear characteristic under higher normal stress;and with the change of the normal stress and the calcium carbonate content,a set of two variables hyperbola function can be used to describe the change rule of relative breakage index.
引文
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[8]马林.钙质土的剪切特性试验研究[J].岩土力学,2016(s1):309-316(MA Lin.Experimental study of shear characteristics of calcareous gravelly soil[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2016(s1):309-316(in Chinese))
[9] Valdes J R,Leleu S L.Influence of mineral composition on the simple shear response of sands:experimental study[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2008,134(12):1820-1824.
[10]王新志,汪稔,孟庆山,等.钙质砂室内载荷试验研究[J].岩土力学,2009,30(1):147-156(WANG Xinzhi,WANG Ren,MENG Qingshan,et al.Study of plate load test of calcareous sand[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(1):147-156(in Chinese))
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[14] Agarwal S L,Malhotra A K,Banerjee R L.Engineering properties of calcareous soils affecting the design of deep penetration piles for offshore structures[C]//Offshore Technology Conference,1977.
[15]吴梦喜,楼志刚.钙质砂与钢板接触面力学特性试验研究[J].岩土力学,2003,24(3):369-371(WU Mengxi,LOU Zhigang.Experimental study on mechanical behavior of calcareous sand-steel interfaces[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2003,24(3):369-371(in Chinese))
[16]佘殷鹏,吕亚茹,李峰,等.珊瑚砂剪切特性试验分析[J].解放军理工大学学报:自然科学版,2017,18(1):29-35(SHE Yinpeng,LV Yaru,LI Feng,et al.Experimental analysis of shearing mechanism of coral sand[J].Journal of PLA University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2017,18(1):29-35(in Chinese))
[17]王丽,鲁晓兵,王淑云,等.钙质砂的胶结性及对力学性质影响的实验研究[J].实验力学,2009,24(2):133-143(WANG Li,LU Xiaobing,WANG Shuyun,et al.Experimental investigation on cementation of calcareous sand and its basic mechanical characteristics[J].Journal of Experimental Mechanics,2009,24(2):133-143(in Chinese))
[18]朱长歧,周斌,刘海峰.天然胶结钙质土强度及微观结构研究[J].岩土力学,2014,35(6):1655-1663(ZHU Changqi,ZHOU Bin,LIU Haifeng.Investigation on strength and microstructure of naturally cemented calcareous soil[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,35(6):1655-1663(in Chinese))
[19]张兰兰,陈木宏,陈忠,等.南海表层沉积物中的碳酸钙含量分布及其影响因素[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2010,35(6):891-898(ZHANG Lanlan,CHEN Muhong,CHEN Zhong,et al.Distribution of calcium carbonate and its controlling factors in surface sediments of the South China Sea[J].Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences,2010,35(6):891-898(in Chinese))
[20]中华人民共和国国家标准编写组.土工试验方法标准(GB/T50123-1999)[S].北京:中国计划出版社,1999.
[21] Hardin B O.Crushing of soil particles[J].Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1985,111(10):1177-1192.
[22] Hull T S.The static behavior of various calcareous sediments[C]//Proc.of the Int.Conf.on Calcareous Sediments,Perth.1988:87-96.
[23] Brandes H G,Khadge N H,Nakayama D D.Consolidation and strength properties of calcareous sediments from Kaneohe and Kailua Bays,Hawaii[C]//The Tenth International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference.International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers,2000.
[24] Mitchell J K,Soga K.Fundamentals of soil behavior[M].Hoboken:Wiley,2005:577.
[2]吴京平,褚瑶,楼志刚.颗粒破碎对钙质砂变形及强度特性的影响[J].岩土工程学报,1997,19(5):49-55(WU Jingping,ZHU Yao,LOU Zhigang.Influence of particle breakage on deformation and strength properties of calcareous soils[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1997,19(5):49-55(in Chinese))
[3]刘崇权,汪稔.钙质砂在三轴剪切中颗粒存在评价及其能量公式[J].工程地质学报,1999,7(4):366-371(LIU Chongquan,WANG Ren.Evaluation of calcareous sand grains crushing and it′s energy equation[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,1999,7(4):366-371(in Chinese))
[4]胡波.三轴条件下钙质砂颗粒破碎力学性质与本构模型研究[D].武汉:中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所,2008(HU Bo.Research on the particle breakage mechanical characteristics and constitutive model of calcareous sand under triaxial condition[D].Wuhan:Institute of Rock&Soil Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences,2008(in Chinese))
[5]张家铭,汪稔,石祥锋,等.侧限条件下钙质砂压缩和破碎特性试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(18):3327-3331(ZHANG Jiaming,WANG Ren,SHI Xiangfeng,et al.Compression and crushing behavior or calcareous sand under confined compression[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(18):3327-3331(in Chinese))
[6]张家铭,张凌,刘慧,等.钙质砂剪切特性试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(s1):3010-3015(ZHANG Jiaming,ZHNAG Ling,LIU Hui,et al.Experimental research on shear behavior of calcareous sand[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(s1):3010-3015(in Chinese))
[7] Coop M R,Sorensen K K,Bodas Freitas T,et al.Particle breakage during shearing of a carbonate sand[J].Géotechnique,2004,54(3):157-163.
[8]马林.钙质土的剪切特性试验研究[J].岩土力学,2016(s1):309-316(MA Lin.Experimental study of shear characteristics of calcareous gravelly soil[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2016(s1):309-316(in Chinese))
[9] Valdes J R,Leleu S L.Influence of mineral composition on the simple shear response of sands:experimental study[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2008,134(12):1820-1824.
[10]王新志,汪稔,孟庆山,等.钙质砂室内载荷试验研究[J].岩土力学,2009,30(1):147-156(WANG Xinzhi,WANG Ren,MENG Qingshan,et al.Study of plate load test of calcareous sand[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(1):147-156(in Chinese))
[11] Yue Q,Qingshan M,Ren W,et al.Model experimental research on uplift single pile in calcareous sand of South China Sea[J].Marine Georesources&Geotechnology,2017,35(5):653-660.
[12]江浩,汪稔,吕颖慧,等.钙质砂中群桩模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(s1):3023-3028(JIANG Hao,WANG Ren,LV Yinghui,et al.Model tests of pile groups in calcareous sands[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(s1):3023-3028(in Chinese))
[13]江浩,汪稔,吕颖慧,等.钙质砂中模型桩的试验研究[J].岩土力学,2010,31(3):780-784(JIANG Hao,WANG Ren,LV Yinghui,et al.Test study of model pile in calcareous sands[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(3):780-784(in Chinese))
[14] Agarwal S L,Malhotra A K,Banerjee R L.Engineering properties of calcareous soils affecting the design of deep penetration piles for offshore structures[C]//Offshore Technology Conference,1977.
[15]吴梦喜,楼志刚.钙质砂与钢板接触面力学特性试验研究[J].岩土力学,2003,24(3):369-371(WU Mengxi,LOU Zhigang.Experimental study on mechanical behavior of calcareous sand-steel interfaces[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2003,24(3):369-371(in Chinese))
[16]佘殷鹏,吕亚茹,李峰,等.珊瑚砂剪切特性试验分析[J].解放军理工大学学报:自然科学版,2017,18(1):29-35(SHE Yinpeng,LV Yaru,LI Feng,et al.Experimental analysis of shearing mechanism of coral sand[J].Journal of PLA University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2017,18(1):29-35(in Chinese))
[17]王丽,鲁晓兵,王淑云,等.钙质砂的胶结性及对力学性质影响的实验研究[J].实验力学,2009,24(2):133-143(WANG Li,LU Xiaobing,WANG Shuyun,et al.Experimental investigation on cementation of calcareous sand and its basic mechanical characteristics[J].Journal of Experimental Mechanics,2009,24(2):133-143(in Chinese))
[18]朱长歧,周斌,刘海峰.天然胶结钙质土强度及微观结构研究[J].岩土力学,2014,35(6):1655-1663(ZHU Changqi,ZHOU Bin,LIU Haifeng.Investigation on strength and microstructure of naturally cemented calcareous soil[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,35(6):1655-1663(in Chinese))
[19]张兰兰,陈木宏,陈忠,等.南海表层沉积物中的碳酸钙含量分布及其影响因素[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2010,35(6):891-898(ZHANG Lanlan,CHEN Muhong,CHEN Zhong,et al.Distribution of calcium carbonate and its controlling factors in surface sediments of the South China Sea[J].Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences,2010,35(6):891-898(in Chinese))
[20]中华人民共和国国家标准编写组.土工试验方法标准(GB/T50123-1999)[S].北京:中国计划出版社,1999.
[21] Hardin B O.Crushing of soil particles[J].Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1985,111(10):1177-1192.
[22] Hull T S.The static behavior of various calcareous sediments[C]//Proc.of the Int.Conf.on Calcareous Sediments,Perth.1988:87-96.
[23] Brandes H G,Khadge N H,Nakayama D D.Consolidation and strength properties of calcareous sediments from Kaneohe and Kailua Bays,Hawaii[C]//The Tenth International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference.International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers,2000.
[24] Mitchell J K,Soga K.Fundamentals of soil behavior[M].Hoboken:Wiley,2005:577.
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