Determination of seepage velocity in streambed using temperature record of Russian River, USA
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摘要
The vertical seepage velocity is an important parameter in the groundwater-surface water (GW-SW) exchange process. It is reported that the periodical fluctuated temperature record of the streambed can be used to determine the seepage velocity. Based on a 1-D flow and heat transport model with a sinusoidal temperature oscillation at the upstream boundary, a new analytical model is built. This analytical model can be used to determine the seepage velocity from the amplitude ratio of the deep and shallow test points. The process of calculation is discussed. The field data are superimposed by multi-periods, so the spectrum analysis and the data filtering are desirable. For the typical seepage medium, the analytical model is effective to compute the seepage velocity between -2 m/d and 6 m/d by using the record of the daily period fluctuation. The temperature time-series analytical model is used to determine the upwards seepage under the condition that the spacing of test points is small (less than 0.2 m). Lastly, a case study for the Russian River shows that this model is very convenient to determine the temporal changes of the GW-SW exchange.
The vertical seepage velocity is an important parameter in the groundwater-surface water (GW-SW) exchange process. It is reported that the periodical fluctuated temperature record of the streambed can be used to determine the seepage velocity. Based on a 1-D flow and heat transport model with a sinusoidal temperature oscillation at the upstream boundary, a new analytical model is built. This analytical model can be used to determine the seepage velocity from the amplitude ratio of the deep and shallow test points. The process of calculation is discussed. The field data are superimposed by multi-periods, so the spectrum analysis and the data filtering are desirable. For the typical seepage medium, the analytical model is effective to compute the seepage velocity between –2 m/d and 6 m/d by using the record of the daily period fluctuation. The temperature time-series analytical model is used to determine the upwards seepage under the condition that the spacing of test points is small (less than 0.2 m). Lastly, a case study for the Russian River shows that this model is very convenient to determine the temporal changes of the GW-SW exchange.
The vertical seepage velocity is an important parameter in the groundwater-surface water (GW-SW) exchange process. It is reported that the periodical fluctuated temperature record of the streambed can be used to determine the seepage velocity. Based on a 1-D flow and heat transport model with a sinusoidal temperature oscillation at the upstream boundary, a new analytical model is built. This analytical model can be used to determine the seepage velocity from the amplitude ratio of the deep and shallow test points. The process of calculation is discussed. The field data are superimposed by multi-periods, so the spectrum analysis and the data filtering are desirable. For the typical seepage medium, the analytical model is effective to compute the seepage velocity between –2 m/d and 6 m/d by using the record of the daily period fluctuation. The temperature time-series analytical model is used to determine the upwards seepage under the condition that the spacing of test points is small (less than 0.2 m). Lastly, a case study for the Russian River shows that this model is very convenient to determine the temporal changes of the GW-SW exchange.
引文
[1] GRINSVEN M. V., MAYER A. and HUCKINS C. Es- timation of streambed groundwater fluxes associated with coaster brook trout spawning habitat[J]. Ground Water, 2012, 50(3): 432-441.
[2] LUO Zhu-jiang, WANG Yan. 3-D variable parameter numerical model for evaluation of he planned exploi- table groundwater resource in regional unconsolidated dediments[J]. Journal of Hydrodynamics, 2012, 24(6): 959-968.
[3] ANDERSON M. P. Heat as a ground water tracer[J]. Ground Water, 2005, 43(6): 951-968.
[4] CONSTANTZ J. Heat as a tracer to determine stream- bed water exchanges[J]. Water Resources Research, 2008, 44(4): W00D10.
[5] NISWONGER R. G., PRUDIC D. E. and FOGG G. E. et al. Method for estimating spatially variable seepage loss and hydraulic conductivity in intermittent and ephemeral streams[J]. Water Resources Research, 2008, 44(5): W05418.
[6] ESSAID H., ZAMORA C. M. and MCCARTHY K. A. et al. Using heat to characterize streambed water flux variability in four stream reaches[J]. Journal of En- vironmental Quality. 2008. 37(3): 1010-1023.
[7] BREWSTER C. J. Delineating and quantifying ground- water discharge zones using streambed temperatures[J]. Ground Water, 2004, 42(2): 243-257.
[8] CHRISTIAN A., KERST B. and RONNY V. et al. A simple thermal mapping method for seasonal spatial patterns of groundwater-surface water interaction[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2011, 397(1-2): 93-104.
[9] WU Zhi-wei, SONG Han-zhou. Temperature as a groundwater tracer: Advances in theory and methodo- logy[J]. Advances in Water Science, 2011, 22(5): 733- 740(in Chinese).
[10] HATCH C. E., FISHER A. T. and REVENAUGH J. S. et al. Quantifying surface water–groundwater intera- ctions using time series analysis of streambed thermal records: Method development[J]. Water Resources Research, 2006, 42(10): W10410.
[11] KEERY J., BINLEY A. and CROOK N. et al. Temporal and spatial variability of groundwater-surface water fluxes: Development and application of an analytical method using temperature time series[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2007, 336(1-2): 1-16.
[12] LOPEZ C. D., MEIXNER T. and FERRE T. P. A. Effe- cts of measurement resolution on the analysis of tempe- rature time series for stream-aquifer flux estimation[J]. Water Resources Research, 2011, 47(12): W12602.
[13] SHANAFIELD M., HATCH C. E. and POHLL G. Un- certainty in thermal time series analysis estimates of streambed water flux[J]. Water Resources Research, 2011, 47(3): W035504.
[14] MUNZ M., OSWALD S. E. and SCHMIDT C. Sand box experiments to evaluate the influence of subsurface temperature probe design on temperature based water flux calculation[J]. Hydrology and Earth System Scie- nces, 2011, 15(11): 6155-6197.
[15] CARDENAS M. B. Thermal skin effect of pipes in streambeds and its implications on groundwater flux estimation using diurnal temperature signals[J]. Water Resources Research, 2010, 46(3): W03536.
[16] HATCH C. E., FISHER A. T. and RUEHL C. R. et al. Spatial and temporal variations in streambed hydraulic conductivity quantified with time-series thermal methods[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2010, 389(3-4): 276-288.
[17] GORDON R. P., LAUTZ L. K. and BRIGGS M. A. et al. Automated calculation of vertical pore-water flux from field temperature time series using the VFLUX method and computer program[J]. Journal of Hydro- logy, 2012, (420-421): 142-158.
[18] LAUTZ L. K. Observing temporal patterns of vertical flux through streambed sediments using time-series analysis of temperature records[J]. Journal of Hydro- logy, 2012, (464-465): 199-215.
[19] LAURA K. L. Impacts of non-ideal field conditions on vertical water velocity estimates from streambed tempe- rature time series[J]. Water Resources Research, 2010, 46(1): W01509.
[20] SU G. W., JASPERSE J. and SEYMOUR D. et al. Esti- mation of hydraulic conductivity in an alluvial system using temperatures[J]. Ground Water, 2004, 42(6): 890-901.
[2] LUO Zhu-jiang, WANG Yan. 3-D variable parameter numerical model for evaluation of he planned exploi- table groundwater resource in regional unconsolidated dediments[J]. Journal of Hydrodynamics, 2012, 24(6): 959-968.
[3] ANDERSON M. P. Heat as a ground water tracer[J]. Ground Water, 2005, 43(6): 951-968.
[4] CONSTANTZ J. Heat as a tracer to determine stream- bed water exchanges[J]. Water Resources Research, 2008, 44(4): W00D10.
[5] NISWONGER R. G., PRUDIC D. E. and FOGG G. E. et al. Method for estimating spatially variable seepage loss and hydraulic conductivity in intermittent and ephemeral streams[J]. Water Resources Research, 2008, 44(5): W05418.
[6] ESSAID H., ZAMORA C. M. and MCCARTHY K. A. et al. Using heat to characterize streambed water flux variability in four stream reaches[J]. Journal of En- vironmental Quality. 2008. 37(3): 1010-1023.
[7] BREWSTER C. J. Delineating and quantifying ground- water discharge zones using streambed temperatures[J]. Ground Water, 2004, 42(2): 243-257.
[8] CHRISTIAN A., KERST B. and RONNY V. et al. A simple thermal mapping method for seasonal spatial patterns of groundwater-surface water interaction[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2011, 397(1-2): 93-104.
[9] WU Zhi-wei, SONG Han-zhou. Temperature as a groundwater tracer: Advances in theory and methodo- logy[J]. Advances in Water Science, 2011, 22(5): 733- 740(in Chinese).
[10] HATCH C. E., FISHER A. T. and REVENAUGH J. S. et al. Quantifying surface water–groundwater intera- ctions using time series analysis of streambed thermal records: Method development[J]. Water Resources Research, 2006, 42(10): W10410.
[11] KEERY J., BINLEY A. and CROOK N. et al. Temporal and spatial variability of groundwater-surface water fluxes: Development and application of an analytical method using temperature time series[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2007, 336(1-2): 1-16.
[12] LOPEZ C. D., MEIXNER T. and FERRE T. P. A. Effe- cts of measurement resolution on the analysis of tempe- rature time series for stream-aquifer flux estimation[J]. Water Resources Research, 2011, 47(12): W12602.
[13] SHANAFIELD M., HATCH C. E. and POHLL G. Un- certainty in thermal time series analysis estimates of streambed water flux[J]. Water Resources Research, 2011, 47(3): W035504.
[14] MUNZ M., OSWALD S. E. and SCHMIDT C. Sand box experiments to evaluate the influence of subsurface temperature probe design on temperature based water flux calculation[J]. Hydrology and Earth System Scie- nces, 2011, 15(11): 6155-6197.
[15] CARDENAS M. B. Thermal skin effect of pipes in streambeds and its implications on groundwater flux estimation using diurnal temperature signals[J]. Water Resources Research, 2010, 46(3): W03536.
[16] HATCH C. E., FISHER A. T. and RUEHL C. R. et al. Spatial and temporal variations in streambed hydraulic conductivity quantified with time-series thermal methods[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2010, 389(3-4): 276-288.
[17] GORDON R. P., LAUTZ L. K. and BRIGGS M. A. et al. Automated calculation of vertical pore-water flux from field temperature time series using the VFLUX method and computer program[J]. Journal of Hydro- logy, 2012, (420-421): 142-158.
[18] LAUTZ L. K. Observing temporal patterns of vertical flux through streambed sediments using time-series analysis of temperature records[J]. Journal of Hydro- logy, 2012, (464-465): 199-215.
[19] LAURA K. L. Impacts of non-ideal field conditions on vertical water velocity estimates from streambed tempe- rature time series[J]. Water Resources Research, 2010, 46(1): W01509.
[20] SU G. W., JASPERSE J. and SEYMOUR D. et al. Esti- mation of hydraulic conductivity in an alluvial system using temperatures[J]. Ground Water, 2004, 42(6): 890-901.