Hybrid Precoder and Combiner Design with Finite Resolution PSs for mmWave MIMO Systems
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摘要
Hybrid precoding and combining have been considered as a promising technology, which can provide a compromise between hardware complexity and system performance in millimeter wave multiple-input multiple-output systems. However, most existing hybrid precoder and combiner designs generally assume that infinite resolution phase shifters(PSs) are used to produce the analog beamformers. In a practical scene, the design with accurate PSs can lead to high hardware cost and power consumption. In this paper, we investigate the hybrid precoder and combiner design with finite resolution PSs in millimeter wave systems. We employ alternate optimization as the main strategy to jointly design analog precoder and combiner. In addition, we propose a low complexity algorithm, where the analog beamformers are implemented only by finite resolution PSs to maximize spectral efficiency. Then, the digital precoder and combiner are designed based on the obtained analog beamformers to improve the spectral efficiency. Finally, simulation results and mathematical analysis show that the proposed algorithm with low-resolution PSs can achieve near-optimal performance and have low complexity.
Hybrid precoding and combining have been considered as a promising technology, which can provide a compromise between hardware complexity and system performance in millimeter wave multiple-input multiple-output systems. However, most existing hybrid precoder and combiner designs generally assume that infinite resolution phase shifters(PSs) are used to produce the analog beamformers. In a practical scene, the design with accurate PSs can lead to high hardware cost and power consumption. In this paper, we investigate the hybrid precoder and combiner design with finite resolution PSs in millimeter wave systems. We employ alternate optimization as the main strategy to jointly design analog precoder and combiner. In addition, we propose a low complexity algorithm, where the analog beamformers are implemented only by finite resolution PSs to maximize spectral efficiency. Then, the digital precoder and combiner are designed based on the obtained analog beamformers to improve the spectral efficiency. Finally, simulation results and mathematical analysis show that the proposed algorithm with low-resolution PSs can achieve near-optimal performance and have low complexity.
Hybrid precoding and combining have been considered as a promising technology, which can provide a compromise between hardware complexity and system performance in millimeter wave multiple-input multiple-output systems. However, most existing hybrid precoder and combiner designs generally assume that infinite resolution phase shifters(PSs) are used to produce the analog beamformers. In a practical scene, the design with accurate PSs can lead to high hardware cost and power consumption. In this paper, we investigate the hybrid precoder and combiner design with finite resolution PSs in millimeter wave systems. We employ alternate optimization as the main strategy to jointly design analog precoder and combiner. In addition, we propose a low complexity algorithm, where the analog beamformers are implemented only by finite resolution PSs to maximize spectral efficiency. Then, the digital precoder and combiner are designed based on the obtained analog beamformers to improve the spectral efficiency. Finally, simulation results and mathematical analysis show that the proposed algorithm with low-resolution PSs can achieve near-optimal performance and have low complexity.
引文
[1]Z.Pi and F.Khan,“An introduction to millimeter-wave mobile broadband systems,”IEEECommunications Magazine,vol.49,no.6,pp.101-107,June 2011.
[2]T.S.Rappaport,S.Sun,R.Mayzus,H.Zhao,Y.Azar,K.Wang,G.N.Wong,J.K.Schulz,M.Samimi,and F.Gutierrez,“Millimeter wave mobile communications for 5g cellular:It will work!”IEEE Access,vol.1,pp.335-349,2013.
[3]Jianhua Zhang,Pan Tang,Lei Tian,Zixue Hu,Tan Wang,Wang Haiming,“6-100 GHz Research Progress and Challenges for Fifth Generation(5G)and Future Wireless Communication from Channel Perspective”,Science China Information Sciences,vol.60,no.8,pp.1-16,Aug.2017.
[4]T.Xie,L.Dai,X.Gao,M.Z.Shakir and J.Li,“Geometric mean decomposition based hybrid precoding for millimeter-wave massive MIMO,”in China Communications,vol.15,no.5,pp.229-238,May 2018.
[5]O.E.Ayach,R.W.Heath,S.Abu-Surra,S.Rajagopal,and Z.Pi,“Low complexity precoding for large millimeter wave mimo systems,”in 2012IEEE International Conference on Communications(ICC),June 2012,pp.3724-3729.
[6]Y.Y.Lee,C.H.Wang,and Y.H.Huang,“A hybrid rf/baseband precoding processor based on parallel-index-selection matrix-inversion-bypass simultaneous orthogonal matching pursuit for millimeter wave mimo systems,”IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,vol.63,no.2,pp.305-317,Jan 2015.
[7]C.C.Yeh,K.N.Hsu,and Y.H.Huang,“Alow-complexity partially updated beam tracking algorithm for mmwave mimo systems,”in2016 IEEE Global Conference on Signal and Information Processing(GlobalSIP),Dec 2016,pp.748-752.
[8]W.Ni,X.Dong,and W.S.Lu,“Near-optimal hybrid processing for massive mimo systems via matrix decomposition,”IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,vol.65,no.15,pp.3922-3933,Aug 2017.
[9]O.E.Ayach,S.Rajagopal,S.Abu-Surra,Z.Pi,and R.W.Heath,“Spatially sparse precoding in millimeter wave mimo systems,”IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications,vol.13,no.3,pp.1499-1513,March 2014.
[10]W.L.Hung,C.H.Chen,C.C.Liao,C.R.Tsai,and A.Y.A.Wu,“Low-complexity hybrid precoding algorithm based on orthogonal beamforming codebook,”in 2015 IEEE Workshop on Signal Processing Systems(SiPS),Oct 2015,pp.1-5.
[11]H.Seleem,A.I.Sulyman,and A.Alsanie,“Hybrid precoding beamforming design with hadamard rf codebook for mmwave largescale mimo systems,”IEEE Access,vol.5,pp.6813-6823,2017.
[12]F.Sohrabi and W.Yu,“Hybrid digital and analog beamforming design for large-scale antenna arrays,”IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing,vol.10,no.3,pp.501-513,April2016.
[13]X.Yu,J.C.Shen,J.Zhang,and K.B.Letaief,“Alternating minimization algorithms for hybrid precoding in millimeter wave mimo systems,”IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing,vol.10,no.3,pp.485-500,April 2016.
[14]S.Montori,C.Fritzsch,L.Marcaccioli,R.V.Gatti,R.Jakoby,and R.Sorrentino,“Design and measurements of a 1-bit reconfigurable elementary cell for large electronic steerable reflectarrays,”in The 40th European Microwave Conference,Sept 2010,pp.918-921.
[15]J.D.Krieger,C.Yeang,and G.W.Wornell,“Dense delta-sigma phased arrays,”IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,vol.61,no.4,pp.1825-1837,April 2013.
[16]F.Sohrabi and W.Yu,“Hybrid beamforming with finite-resolution phase shifters for large-scale mimo systems,”in 2015 IEEE 16th International Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications(SPAWC),June 2015,pp.136-140.
[17]S.Payami,M.Ghoraishi,and M.Dianati,“Hybrid beamforming for large antenna arrays with phase shifter selection,”IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications,vol.15,no.11,pp.7258-7271,Nov 2016.
[18]Z.Wang,M.Li,Q.Liu,and A.L.Swindlehurst,“Hybrid precoder and combiner design with low-resolution phase shifters in mmwave mimo systems,”IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing,vol.12,no.2,pp.256-269,May2018.
[19]J.C.Chen,“Hybrid beamforming with discrete phase shifters for millimeter-wave massive mimo systems,”IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology,vol.66,no.8,pp.7604-7608,Aug2017.
[20]P.F.M.Smulders and L.M.Correia,“Characterisation of propagation in 60 ghz radio channels,”Electronics Communication Engineering Journal,vol.9,no.2,pp.73-80,April 1997.
[21]H.Xu,V.Kukshya,and T.S.Rappaport,“Spatial and temporal characteristics of 60-ghz indoor channels,”IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications,vol.20,no.3,pp.620-630,April 2002.
[22]X.Wu,N.C.Beaulieu,and D.Liu,“On favorable propagation in massive mimo systems and different antenna configurations,”IEEE Access,vol.5,pp.5578-5593,2017.
[2]T.S.Rappaport,S.Sun,R.Mayzus,H.Zhao,Y.Azar,K.Wang,G.N.Wong,J.K.Schulz,M.Samimi,and F.Gutierrez,“Millimeter wave mobile communications for 5g cellular:It will work!”IEEE Access,vol.1,pp.335-349,2013.
[3]Jianhua Zhang,Pan Tang,Lei Tian,Zixue Hu,Tan Wang,Wang Haiming,“6-100 GHz Research Progress and Challenges for Fifth Generation(5G)and Future Wireless Communication from Channel Perspective”,Science China Information Sciences,vol.60,no.8,pp.1-16,Aug.2017.
[4]T.Xie,L.Dai,X.Gao,M.Z.Shakir and J.Li,“Geometric mean decomposition based hybrid precoding for millimeter-wave massive MIMO,”in China Communications,vol.15,no.5,pp.229-238,May 2018.
[5]O.E.Ayach,R.W.Heath,S.Abu-Surra,S.Rajagopal,and Z.Pi,“Low complexity precoding for large millimeter wave mimo systems,”in 2012IEEE International Conference on Communications(ICC),June 2012,pp.3724-3729.
[6]Y.Y.Lee,C.H.Wang,and Y.H.Huang,“A hybrid rf/baseband precoding processor based on parallel-index-selection matrix-inversion-bypass simultaneous orthogonal matching pursuit for millimeter wave mimo systems,”IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,vol.63,no.2,pp.305-317,Jan 2015.
[7]C.C.Yeh,K.N.Hsu,and Y.H.Huang,“Alow-complexity partially updated beam tracking algorithm for mmwave mimo systems,”in2016 IEEE Global Conference on Signal and Information Processing(GlobalSIP),Dec 2016,pp.748-752.
[8]W.Ni,X.Dong,and W.S.Lu,“Near-optimal hybrid processing for massive mimo systems via matrix decomposition,”IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,vol.65,no.15,pp.3922-3933,Aug 2017.
[9]O.E.Ayach,S.Rajagopal,S.Abu-Surra,Z.Pi,and R.W.Heath,“Spatially sparse precoding in millimeter wave mimo systems,”IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications,vol.13,no.3,pp.1499-1513,March 2014.
[10]W.L.Hung,C.H.Chen,C.C.Liao,C.R.Tsai,and A.Y.A.Wu,“Low-complexity hybrid precoding algorithm based on orthogonal beamforming codebook,”in 2015 IEEE Workshop on Signal Processing Systems(SiPS),Oct 2015,pp.1-5.
[11]H.Seleem,A.I.Sulyman,and A.Alsanie,“Hybrid precoding beamforming design with hadamard rf codebook for mmwave largescale mimo systems,”IEEE Access,vol.5,pp.6813-6823,2017.
[12]F.Sohrabi and W.Yu,“Hybrid digital and analog beamforming design for large-scale antenna arrays,”IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing,vol.10,no.3,pp.501-513,April2016.
[13]X.Yu,J.C.Shen,J.Zhang,and K.B.Letaief,“Alternating minimization algorithms for hybrid precoding in millimeter wave mimo systems,”IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing,vol.10,no.3,pp.485-500,April 2016.
[14]S.Montori,C.Fritzsch,L.Marcaccioli,R.V.Gatti,R.Jakoby,and R.Sorrentino,“Design and measurements of a 1-bit reconfigurable elementary cell for large electronic steerable reflectarrays,”in The 40th European Microwave Conference,Sept 2010,pp.918-921.
[15]J.D.Krieger,C.Yeang,and G.W.Wornell,“Dense delta-sigma phased arrays,”IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,vol.61,no.4,pp.1825-1837,April 2013.
[16]F.Sohrabi and W.Yu,“Hybrid beamforming with finite-resolution phase shifters for large-scale mimo systems,”in 2015 IEEE 16th International Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications(SPAWC),June 2015,pp.136-140.
[17]S.Payami,M.Ghoraishi,and M.Dianati,“Hybrid beamforming for large antenna arrays with phase shifter selection,”IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications,vol.15,no.11,pp.7258-7271,Nov 2016.
[18]Z.Wang,M.Li,Q.Liu,and A.L.Swindlehurst,“Hybrid precoder and combiner design with low-resolution phase shifters in mmwave mimo systems,”IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing,vol.12,no.2,pp.256-269,May2018.
[19]J.C.Chen,“Hybrid beamforming with discrete phase shifters for millimeter-wave massive mimo systems,”IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology,vol.66,no.8,pp.7604-7608,Aug2017.
[20]P.F.M.Smulders and L.M.Correia,“Characterisation of propagation in 60 ghz radio channels,”Electronics Communication Engineering Journal,vol.9,no.2,pp.73-80,April 1997.
[21]H.Xu,V.Kukshya,and T.S.Rappaport,“Spatial and temporal characteristics of 60-ghz indoor channels,”IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications,vol.20,no.3,pp.620-630,April 2002.
[22]X.Wu,N.C.Beaulieu,and D.Liu,“On favorable propagation in massive mimo systems and different antenna configurations,”IEEE Access,vol.5,pp.5578-5593,2017.
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