特殊润湿性油水分离材料的开发与研究
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摘要
随着工业的发展,油水污染日渐严重,特别是石油的泄露、有机化学品的排放对生态环境造成了难以挽救的损害。因此,开发新型高效的油水分离材料与技术是一个极为重要的任务。特殊润湿性油水分离材料的出现,为科研人员指明了道路。本文以用于油水分离的特殊润湿性材料为研究体系;首先,对具有特殊润湿性油水分离材料的基本理论和设计理念进行分析;然后介绍了通过调控材料表面的微观结构和表面化学组成制备特殊润湿性材料实现不同的油水分离效果的研究进展,并且尝试从微纳米尺度上揭示特殊润湿性材料的特征,形成从微纳米尺度上揭示油水分离用材料化学品结构特征的技术基础。最后指出了目前在油水分离用功能材料化学品这一领域存在的一些问题,并对这一领域的发展趋势进行展望。
Oil/water separation is a signification field as it has direct practical influence for resolving the problem of industrial oily wastewater and other oil/water pollution. Thus,it is imperative to develop oil/water separation materials. In this article,the basic theory of special wettability and design concept for oil-water separation materials are introduced to understand the physical mechanisms that occur during the oil/water separation process. Then,we summarize the new development of fabricating special wettability materials which are adjusted the surface microstructure and surface chemical composition to satisfy different oil-water separation effect. M oreover,characteristics of special wettability material are revealed from the micro/nano scale,aiming to provide a roadmap and technical base for the oriented design and control of functional material chemicals.Finally,some challenges are discussed and the outlook in this field is proposed.
Oil/water separation is a signification field as it has direct practical influence for resolving the problem of industrial oily wastewater and other oil/water pollution. Thus,it is imperative to develop oil/water separation materials. In this article,the basic theory of special wettability and design concept for oil-water separation materials are introduced to understand the physical mechanisms that occur during the oil/water separation process. Then,we summarize the new development of fabricating special wettability materials which are adjusted the surface microstructure and surface chemical composition to satisfy different oil-water separation effect. M oreover,characteristics of special wettability material are revealed from the micro/nano scale,aiming to provide a roadmap and technical base for the oriented design and control of functional material chemicals.Finally,some challenges are discussed and the outlook in this field is proposed.
引文
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