广西慢病老年人健康照护需求及影响因素分析
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摘要
目的了解广西慢病老年人健康照护需求现状并分析其影响因素,为开展针对性老年人护理服务提供依据。方法采用便利抽样与配额抽样相结合的方法,抽取广西壮族自治区南宁、桂林及桂平3个城市的社区居住老年人进行健康照护需求调查。结果共有效调查1 032人,慢病老年人805人,慢病患病率为78.0%;慢病老年人健康照护需求总均分及生理、心理健康需求维度、居住环境维度得分显著高于非慢病老年人(均P<0.01);多元线性回归分析显示,慢病患病种数、月收入、自理能力是影响慢病老年人健康照护需求的主要因素(均P<0.01)。结论慢病老年人健康照护需求高且呈多样化,受多种因素影响;应结合本地实际资源和需求,开展多途径、个性化的服务,针对性改善居住环境和转变老年人健康观念,以提高老年人生活质量。
Objective To describe the level of health care needs of the elderly with chronic diseases in Guangxi and to explore the related factors,thus to provide reference for targeted intervention.Methods By using convenient sampling and quota sampling,community-dwelling elderly people were selected from Nanning,Guilin and Guiping city of Guangxi to receive questionnaire survey in terms of their health care needs.Results A total of 1 032 participants completed the survey,of whom 805 had chronic diseases,accounting for 78.0%.The total average score of health care needs and subscale scores of physical,mental and living environment in the elderly with chronic diseases were significantly higher compared to those without chronic diseases(P<0.01 for all).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the number of chronic diseases,monthly income,and ADL score were the main influencing factors of health care needs of the elderly people with chronic diseases(P<0.01 for all).Conclusion The health care needs of the elderly with chronic diseases are diversified and influenced by multiple factors.In order to meet their needs and improve their quality of life,we should consider actual resources and situations of Guangxi,provide multipath and individualized service,improve their living environment and change their attitude toward health.
Objective To describe the level of health care needs of the elderly with chronic diseases in Guangxi and to explore the related factors,thus to provide reference for targeted intervention.Methods By using convenient sampling and quota sampling,community-dwelling elderly people were selected from Nanning,Guilin and Guiping city of Guangxi to receive questionnaire survey in terms of their health care needs.Results A total of 1 032 participants completed the survey,of whom 805 had chronic diseases,accounting for 78.0%.The total average score of health care needs and subscale scores of physical,mental and living environment in the elderly with chronic diseases were significantly higher compared to those without chronic diseases(P<0.01 for all).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the number of chronic diseases,monthly income,and ADL score were the main influencing factors of health care needs of the elderly people with chronic diseases(P<0.01 for all).Conclusion The health care needs of the elderly with chronic diseases are diversified and influenced by multiple factors.In order to meet their needs and improve their quality of life,we should consider actual resources and situations of Guangxi,provide multipath and individualized service,improve their living environment and change their attitude toward health.
引文
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[9]张林,林晓明,刘堃,等.社区慢性病老年人的健康状况及居家护理需求调查[J].现代预防医学,2015,42(14):2561-2563.
[10]庄嘉元,姜小鹰,张旋,等.我国东部地区老年人护理服务需求及影响因素研究[J].中华护理杂志,2016,51(8):992-997.
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[12]Daradkeh T K,Ghubash R,Abou-Saleh M T.Al Ain community survey of psychiatric morbidity II.Sex differences in the prevalence of depressive disorders[J].J Affect Disord,2002,72(2):167-176.
[13]孔令磷,赵梦遐,鲍翠玉,等.社区老年人居家护理服务需求及影响因素分析[J].护理学杂志,2016,31(7):15-17.
[14]肖惠敏,姜小鹰,张旋,等.福州市老年慢性病患者居家护理需求的调查[J].福建医科大学学报,2008,42(1):73-75.
[15]Cho S H.Older people′s willingness to use home care nursing services[J].J Adv Nurs,2005,51(2):166-173.
[16]罗金凤,齐玉梅,王承明,等.社区老年人护理需求影响因素多重对应分析[J].护理学杂志,2015,29(11):80-82.
[17]Ahn Y H,Kim M J.Health care needs of elderly in a rural community in Korea[J].Public Health Nurs,2004,21(2):153-161.
[18]张玉晶,路雪芹,张婷.农村失能老年人护理需求调查[J].现代预防医学,2015,42(6):1026-1028.
[2]陈明华,郝国彩.中国人口老龄化地区差异分解及影响因素研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2014,24(4):136-141.
[3]赵艺璞,胡秀英.居家老年人护理需求的文献回顾与分析[J].中国社会医学杂志,2016,33(2):178-181.
[4]赵艺璞,李智,李亚琴,等.老年人健康照护需求自评问卷的信效度评价[J].中国实用护理杂志,2015,31(33):2506-2511.
[5]杨春梅,严永华,杨晓虹.社区老年人慢性病患病现状及其对家庭护理服务需求分析[J].成都医学院学报,2016,11(4):504-506.
[6]Choi J,Myung W,Chung J W,et al.Association between functional impairment,depression,and extrapyramidal signs in neuroleptic-free patients with Alzheimer disease[J].J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol,2013,26(3):144-150.
[7]Parra D C,Gomez L F,Sarmiento O L,et al.Perceived and objective neighborhood environment attributes and health related quality of life among the elderly in Bogota,Colonbia[J].Soc Sci Med,2010,70(7):1070-1076.
[8]景丽伟,王爱平,阎蕾,等.基于聚类分析的社区慢性病老年人家庭访视护理需求分类研究[J].中国医科大学学报,2015,44(8):758-760.
[9]张林,林晓明,刘堃,等.社区慢性病老年人的健康状况及居家护理需求调查[J].现代预防医学,2015,42(14):2561-2563.
[10]庄嘉元,姜小鹰,张旋,等.我国东部地区老年人护理服务需求及影响因素研究[J].中华护理杂志,2016,51(8):992-997.
[11]胡如艳,陈嘉,陈真真.中国部分省老年人居家护理服务需求的Meta分析[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(8):1464-1469.
[12]Daradkeh T K,Ghubash R,Abou-Saleh M T.Al Ain community survey of psychiatric morbidity II.Sex differences in the prevalence of depressive disorders[J].J Affect Disord,2002,72(2):167-176.
[13]孔令磷,赵梦遐,鲍翠玉,等.社区老年人居家护理服务需求及影响因素分析[J].护理学杂志,2016,31(7):15-17.
[14]肖惠敏,姜小鹰,张旋,等.福州市老年慢性病患者居家护理需求的调查[J].福建医科大学学报,2008,42(1):73-75.
[15]Cho S H.Older people′s willingness to use home care nursing services[J].J Adv Nurs,2005,51(2):166-173.
[16]罗金凤,齐玉梅,王承明,等.社区老年人护理需求影响因素多重对应分析[J].护理学杂志,2015,29(11):80-82.
[17]Ahn Y H,Kim M J.Health care needs of elderly in a rural community in Korea[J].Public Health Nurs,2004,21(2):153-161.
[18]张玉晶,路雪芹,张婷.农村失能老年人护理需求调查[J].现代预防医学,2015,42(6):1026-1028.