过分自信对坚持行为的影响:可行性而不是吸引力的中介作用
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- 英文论文题名：The effect of overconfidence on persistent behavior:The mediation effect of “I think I can do it” rather than “I'm attracted to it”
- 论文作者：党清秀 ; 毕研玲
- 英文论文作者：Qingxiu Dang ; Yanling Bi ; School of Psychology ; Shaanxi Normal University
- 年：2015
- 作者机构：陕西师范大学心理学院;
- 论文关键词：同伴比较过分自信 ; 可行性 ; 吸引力 ; 反馈
- 英文论文关键词：peer comparison overconfidence ; feasibility ; desirability ; feedback
- 会议召开时间：2015-10-16
- 会议录名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议摘要集——心理学与社会发展
- 英文会议录名称：Proceedings of the 18th National Academic Congress of Psychology
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：B848
- 学会代码：ZGXG
- 会议名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议
- 会议地点：中国天津
- 主办单位：中国心理学会
- 学会名称：中国心理学会
- 页数：2
- 文件大小：760k
- 原文格式：D
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
过分自信作为一种稳定的特质的心理品质,对个体行为有积极或消极的影响。以往研究更多的通过横断研究方法探索特质过分自信对个体行为的积极影响,然而很难获得过分自信对行为影响的直接证据。因此,通过实验引起被试的状态过分自信研究过分自信对个体行为的影响是必要的。基于以往研究,本研究的主要研究目的包括以下两点:(1)探讨过分自信对坚持行为的影响;(2)探讨任务的可行性和吸引力在过分自信和坚持行为之间关系中所起的作用。以63名大学生为被试,通过随机的积极(n=32)或消极(n=31)的虚假反馈引起被试的状态过分自信,从而将被试分为高水平过分自信组和低水平自信组。本研究采用同伴比较问题测量被试的过分自信,以及Brandst?tter和Frank(2002)编制的量表测量被试对任务的可行性和吸引力的评价。被试在整个任务以及在第一个项目上所花费的时间作为坚持行为的指标。本研究的结果表明收到积极虚假反馈的被试表现出高水平的过分自信,而收到消极虚假反馈的被试表现出低水平的自信。并且有高水平过分自信的被试相比于低水平自信的被试在第一个项目以及整个任务中花费更多的时间,有更多的坚持行为。过分自信能够分别正向预测被试对于任务可行性和吸引力的评价,进一步的中介作用分析发现任务的可行性对状态过分自信和坚持行为之间存在中介作用,而任务的吸引力不存在中介作用。这些结果进一步支持了自我辩护假设并且解决了过分自信的起源问题。
The overconfidence as one of stable and trait personality has positive and negative effect on individuals' explicit behavior. Previous researches paid more attention to the positive effect of the overconfidence as one of stable and trait personality on the general behavior, and tended to adopt crossed-sectional study. It is difficult to obtain the direct evidence of the effect of the trait overconfidence on the individuals' behavior by the cross- sectional design. Therefore, it's necessary to explore the effect of the overconfidence on the individuals' behavior through experimental method to induce individuals' state overconfidence. Based on previous studies, the main purposes of this study include the following aspects:(1) to explore the effect of overconfidence on persistent behavior;(2) to explore the role of feasibility and desirability of task on the relation between overconfidence and persistence behavior. Taking 63 undergraduate students as participants, the present study separated participants into overconfidence and underconfidence groups based on random positive or negative bogus feedback. The present research adopted peer-comparison question to measure participants' overconfidence and used the scales developed by Brandst?tter and Frank(2002)to measure the participants' evaluation of the task of feasibility and desirability. The time that the participant spent on the numerical reasoning task, as well as the total amount of time spent on the first item before advancing to the second item were taken as the indicators of persistent behaviors. Results showed that the overconfidence of the participants in the positive feedback group was higher than of the participants in the negative feedback group, and participants with higher levels of overconfidence were more persistent in resolving problems than were those with lower levels of confidence. The feasibility and desirability could be predicted by overconfidence separately. Further mediation analyses revealed that the rating of the feasibility rather than the desirability of the task mediated the influence of state overconfidence on persistent behaviors. These findings provided future support for the self-justification hypothesis, and addressed arguments regarding the origins of overconfidence.
The overconfidence as one of stable and trait personality has positive and negative effect on individuals' explicit behavior. Previous researches paid more attention to the positive effect of the overconfidence as one of stable and trait personality on the general behavior, and tended to adopt crossed-sectional study. It is difficult to obtain the direct evidence of the effect of the trait overconfidence on the individuals' behavior by the cross- sectional design. Therefore, it's necessary to explore the effect of the overconfidence on the individuals' behavior through experimental method to induce individuals' state overconfidence. Based on previous studies, the main purposes of this study include the following aspects:(1) to explore the effect of overconfidence on persistent behavior;(2) to explore the role of feasibility and desirability of task on the relation between overconfidence and persistence behavior. Taking 63 undergraduate students as participants, the present study separated participants into overconfidence and underconfidence groups based on random positive or negative bogus feedback. The present research adopted peer-comparison question to measure participants' overconfidence and used the scales developed by Brandst?tter and Frank(2002)to measure the participants' evaluation of the task of feasibility and desirability. The time that the participant spent on the numerical reasoning task, as well as the total amount of time spent on the first item before advancing to the second item were taken as the indicators of persistent behaviors. Results showed that the overconfidence of the participants in the positive feedback group was higher than of the participants in the negative feedback group, and participants with higher levels of overconfidence were more persistent in resolving problems than were those with lower levels of confidence. The feasibility and desirability could be predicted by overconfidence separately. Further mediation analyses revealed that the rating of the feasibility rather than the desirability of the task mediated the influence of state overconfidence on persistent behaviors. These findings provided future support for the self-justification hypothesis, and addressed arguments regarding the origins of overconfidence.
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