江西扬眉江流域重金属污染现状及治理对策
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- 英文论文题名：The Heavy Metal Pollution Situation of Yangmei River Basin in Chongyi County of Jiangxi Province and Remediation Measures
- 论文作者：林娜娜 ; 胡小贞 ; 许秋瑾 ; 贾建丽
- 英文论文作者：Lin Nana ; Hu Xiaozhen ; Xu Qiujin ; Jia Jianli ; Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences ; China University of Mining & Technology
- 年：2013
- 作者机构：中国环境科学研究院;中国矿业大学(北京);
- 论文关键词：扬眉江流域 ; 重金属 ; 沉积物 ; 内梅罗指数法 ; 生态风险 ; 修复对策
- 英文论文关键词：Yangmei river basin ; heavy metal ; sediment ; nemerow index methods ; ecological risk ; remediation measures
- 会议召开时间：2013-12-26
- 会议录名称：2013年水资源生态保护与水污染控制研讨会论文集
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：X52
- 学会代码：HJKP
- 会议名称：2013年水资源生态保护与水污染控制研讨会
- 会议地点：中国黑龙江哈尔滨
- 主办单位：中国环境科学学会、环境保护部环境规划院、哈尔滨工业大学、哈尔滨师范大学、中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所
- 学会名称：中国环境科学学会
- 页数：11
- 文件大小：1116k
- 原文格式：D
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
随着江西崇义县矿产资源的开发,扬眉江流域重金属污染日趋严重。通过现场调研和研究分析,对水体、沉积物、农田土壤和农作物中重金属的污染现状进行研究,提出了扬眉江流域重金属污染的治理对策和措施,旨在为全面开展扬眉江重金属治理提供基础数据和技术支持。研究结果表明:水体中主要的污染物为Pb,最高值为0.078mg/L;河道沉积物中主要污染物为As和Cd,最高值分别为580.71mg/kg和6.21mg/kg;农田土壤中主要污染物为Cu、Zn、As、Cd和Pb,最高值分别为302.53mg/kg、448.65mg/kg、306.46mg/kg、8.06mg/kg和365.75mg/kg;农作物中Cr、As、Cd和Pb含量较高,水稻和花生对重金属的富集系数表现为Cd>Zn>Cu>Cr>As>Pb,红薯表现为Cr>Zn>Cd>Cu>Pb>As。利用内梅罗指数法对扬眉江水质进行综合评价,水质良好和优良的取样点数分别占取样点总数的23%和77%。利用Hakanson潜在生态风险指数法对沉积物中的重金属进行潜在生态风险评价,沉积物中各重金属污染程度依次为Cd>As>Cu>Zn>Cr,整体生态风险大小表现为上游>中游>下游,具有"强"的生态风险程度。针对扬眉江重金属污染特征,提出采取污染源源头控制、河道生态修复、加强重金属监测与管理等治理措施。
As mineral resources in Chongyi county of Jiangxi province development, heavy metal pollution of Yangmei river basin in the county has become increasingly serious. Field investigation and sample analysis were conducted to understand the heavy metal pollution situation of water, sediment, farmland soil and crop.And remediation technologies for heavy metal polluted Yangmei river basin were summarized and contrasted.Results from this study are helpful to support the heavy metal pollution remediation of Yangmei river basin.The water was polluted by Pb, which highest concentrations were 0.078mg/L. The sediment was polluted by As and Cd, which highest concentrations were 580.71mg/kg and 6.21mg/kg. The farmland soil was polluted by Cu、Zn、As、Cd and Pb, which highest concentrations were 302.53mg/kg、448.65mg/kg、306.46mg/kg、8.06mg/kg and 365.75mg/kg. The crop was polluted by Cr、As、Cd and Pb. For the rice and peanut, the order of metals enrichment factors were Cd>Zn>Cu>Cr>As>Pb. For the sweet potato were Cr>Zn>Cd>Cu>Pb>As. Water quality assessment for heavy metals was carried out by using Nemerow Index Methods. The water quality in good and excellent status accounted for 23% and 77% of the total points. The potential ecological risk of the heavy metal pollution in sediment were assessed using Hakanson ecological risk index.The order of heavy metal pollution degree in sediment was Cd>As>Cu>Zn>Cr. The order of ecological risk of the heavy metal pollution was Upstream > Midstream > Downstream, which degree was "strong".Considering with heavy metal pollution characteristics of Yangmei river basin, source control, riverremediation technology and management were carried out.
As mineral resources in Chongyi county of Jiangxi province development, heavy metal pollution of Yangmei river basin in the county has become increasingly serious. Field investigation and sample analysis were conducted to understand the heavy metal pollution situation of water, sediment, farmland soil and crop.And remediation technologies for heavy metal polluted Yangmei river basin were summarized and contrasted.Results from this study are helpful to support the heavy metal pollution remediation of Yangmei river basin.The water was polluted by Pb, which highest concentrations were 0.078mg/L. The sediment was polluted by As and Cd, which highest concentrations were 580.71mg/kg and 6.21mg/kg. The farmland soil was polluted by Cu、Zn、As、Cd and Pb, which highest concentrations were 302.53mg/kg、448.65mg/kg、306.46mg/kg、8.06mg/kg and 365.75mg/kg. The crop was polluted by Cr、As、Cd and Pb. For the rice and peanut, the order of metals enrichment factors were Cd>Zn>Cu>Cr>As>Pb. For the sweet potato were Cr>Zn>Cd>Cu>Pb>As. Water quality assessment for heavy metals was carried out by using Nemerow Index Methods. The water quality in good and excellent status accounted for 23% and 77% of the total points. The potential ecological risk of the heavy metal pollution in sediment were assessed using Hakanson ecological risk index.The order of heavy metal pollution degree in sediment was Cd>As>Cu>Zn>Cr. The order of ecological risk of the heavy metal pollution was Upstream > Midstream > Downstream, which degree was "strong".Considering with heavy metal pollution characteristics of Yangmei river basin, source control, riverremediation technology and management were carried out.
引文
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[2]郑小东,荣湘民等.土壤重金属污染及修复方法研究进展[J].农学学报,2011:37-43.
[3]张振兴.北方中小河流生态修复方法及案例研究[D].东北师范大学,2012,6.
[4]黄钟霆.湘江霞湾港段底泥的镉、铅污染情况及修复对策研究[D].湖南农业大学,2009,12.
[5]王李鸿,角媛梅,明庆忠等.沘江兰坪段生态健康评价指标体系研究[J].环境科学与管理,2012,37(2):48-52.
[6]李瑞萍,王安建,曹殿华等.滇西沘江流域水体中重金属元素的地球化学特征[J].地质通报,2008,27(7):1071-1078.
[7]王李鸿,角媛梅,明庆忠等.云南省沘江流域水体重金属污染评价[J].环境科学研究,2009,22(5):595-600.
[8]耿雅妮.河流重金属污染研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(11):262-265.
[9]焦伟,卢少勇.环太湖主要进出河流重金属污染及其生态风险评价[J].应用于环境生物学报,2010,16(4):577-580.
[10]杨刚,袁大刚.微波消解-ICP-AES法测定钒钛矿区优势植物中重金属含量[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2012,5(32):1391-1393.
[11]黄晓纯,刘昌弘.ICP-MS测定蔬菜样品中重金属元素的两种微波消解前处理方法[J].岩矿测试,2013,3(32):415-419.
[12]郑方超,崔婷.植株中重金属含量测定方法的研究现状[J].湖北农业科学,2012,20(51):4449-4452.
[13]王春霖,张平等.微波消解—ICP-MS测定水稻中的微量重金属元素.中国科技论文在线.
[14]李海峰,王庆仁,朱永官.土壤重金属测定两种前处理方法的比较[J].环境化学,2006,25(1):108-109.
[15]徐冰冰,许秋瑾等.湖南郴州柿竹园矿区乡镇地下饮用水源重金属水质评价[J].环境工程技术学报,2013,3(2):113-118.
[16]曾永,樊引琴,王丽伟等.水质模糊综合评价法与单因子指数评价比较[J].人民黄河,2007,29(2):64-66.
[17]李亚松,张兆吉,费宇红等.内梅罗指数评价法的修正及其应用[J].水资源保护,2009,25(6):48-50.
[18]Hakanson L.An ecological risk index for aquatic pollution control:a sediment logical approach[J].Water Res,1980,14(8):975-1001.
[19]Seralathan K,Prabhu DB,Lee KJ.Assessment of heavy metals(Cd,Cr and Pb)in water,sediment and seaweed in the pulicat lake,southeast India[J].Chemosphere,2008,71(7):1233-1240.
[20]Sadiq R,Husain T,Bose N.Distribution of heavy metals in sediment pore water due to offshore discharges:an ecological risk assessment[J].Environ Modeling&Software,2003,18(5):451-461.
[21]Segura R,Arancibia V,Zuniga M C,et al.Distribution of copper,zinc,lead and cadimium concentrations in stream sediments from the Mapocho River in Santiago,Chile[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,2006,91(1-3):71-80.
[22]Bertin C,Bourg C M.Trends in the heavy metal content(Cd,Pb,Zn)of river sediments in the drainage basin of smelting activities[J].Water Research,1995,29(7):1729-1736.
[23]杨彦,李良忠,于云江等.基于统计分析的太湖流域某市农业活动区重金属污染特征及来源[J].环境科学研究,2012,25(12):1319-1327.
[24]李海光.污染场地周边农田土壤重金属含量的空间变异特征及其污染源识别研究[D].浙江大学,环境与资源学院,2012,5.
[25]王显伟.金矿区农田土壤重金属污染与农作物关系探讨[D].长安大学,2010,5.
[26]宋书巧,吴欢等.重金属在土壤—农作物系统中的迁移转化规律研究[J].广西师院学报,1999,16(4):87-92.
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[28]宋书巧,吴欢等.重金属在土壤一农作物系统中的迁移转化规律研究[J].广西师院学报,1999,16(4):87-92.
[29]夏立江,华珞,韦东普.部分地区蔬菜的含砷量[J].土壤,1996,28(2):105-110.
[30]SM ITH R.A critical review of the bioavailability and impacts of heavy metals in municipal solid waste composts compared to sewage sludge[J].Environment International,2009,35:142-156.
[31]雷丹.湖南重金属污染现状分析及其修复对策[J].湖南有色金属,2012,1(28):57-60.
[32]Susana O R,Daniel D L R,Lazaro L,et al.Assessment of heavy metal in Almendares River sediments-Havana City,Cuba[J].Water Research,2005,39(14):3945-3953.