面孔性取向信息对面孔记忆的调节作用

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• 英文论文题名：The Modulation Effect of Sexual Orientation on Memory of Faces
• 论文作者：刘媛媛 ; 杨宇翔 ; 胡传鹏 ; 彭凯平
• 英文论文作者：Yuanyuan Liu ; Yuxiang Yang ; Chuanpeng Hu ; Kaiping Peng ; Department of psychology ; school of education ; Hubei University ; Department of psychology ; school of social science ; Tsinghua University
• 年：2015
• 作者机构：湖北大学教育学院心理学系;清华大学社会科学学院心理学系;
• 论文关键词：同性恋 ; 面孔 ; 性取向 ; 记忆 ; 再认正确率
• 英文论文关键词：homosexual ; faces ; sexual orientation ; memory ; recognition accuracy
• 会议召开时间：2015-10-16
• 会议录名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议摘要集——心理学与社会发展
• 英文会议录名称：Proceedings of the 18th National Academic Congress of Psychology
• 语种：中文
• 分类号：B842.3
• 学会代码：ZGXG
• 会议名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议
• 会议地点：中国天津
• 主办单位：中国心理学会
• 学会名称：中国心理学会
• 页数：2
• 文件大小：751k
• 原文格式：D
• 会议级别：全国

摘要

大量的心理学研究表明,人们对同性恋存在着刻板印象,且这种刻板印象会影响人们对同性恋的态度和决策。但目前仍不清楚的是,性取向信息是否是一种突显信息,影响对他人面孔的认知加工深度。为了探索性取向信息对面孔加工深度的影响,本研究采用学习-再认范式,研究了面孔性取向信息对面孔记忆的调节作用。本实验的材料为72张在吸引力、可信任程度和男性化程度上均无显著差异的男性面孔,29名大学生参与了本次实验(女性14名,平均年龄为20.79±1)。被试首先学习36张陌生的面孔以及其行为描述(行为描述中可以明显的推断出该面孔的性取向为同性恋、异性恋或无关信息)。在短暂的数字计算干扰任务之后,被试对面孔进行新旧再认,并且对旧面孔的性取向做出判断。对再认正确率的分析表明,当面孔与同性恋行为描述联系在一起时,被试对其的再认正确率(62.64%±19.03%)高于异性恋行为(60.92%±20.77%)或者无关行为(56.61%±23.41%),但无显著差异。本研究的结果表明,同性恋面孔与异性恋的记忆无显著差异。与预期不同的是,我们未发现性取向信息对面孔记忆的调节作用,这种阴性的结果有多种可能的解释。一种可能性是性取向信息确实不会影响到人们对面孔的记忆,说明人们对同性恋和异性恋面孔在信息加工上并无差异。另一种可能性是性取向信息对面孔记忆的调节作用受到个体差异的影响,而本实验未考虑到个体差异的影响。此外,本研究仅对再认正确率进行了分析,未对源记忆方面进行分析,而在源记忆方面可能存在差异。总之,本研究结果未发现性取向信息对面孔记忆的调节作用,尚需要进一步研究来验证该效应。
Previous Studies have shown that people have stereotype to homosexual, and it may change their attitude and decision making toward homosexuals. However, whether sexual orientation information is salient enough to influence our information processing of face remains unknown. To investigate the influence of sexual orientation information on depth of faces processing, the current study used "study-test" paradigm to investigate the modulation effect of sexual orientation. We used 72 male photographs as stimuli, which have been balanced on attractiveness, trustworthiness and masculinity. 29 college students(14 women, mean age is 20.79±1) participated in our experiment. Participants first learned 36 faces, each was followed by a sentence describing their behavior, then they were asked to doing arithmetic problems, and then participants were required to judge whether the photo was studied one or not. If they recognized a face as old, then they have to further judge the sexual orientation of the face. The recognition accuracy showed that when faces were associated with homosexual behavioral description, the recognition accuracy was higher than the conditions in which the faces were associated with irrelevant or heterosexual behavioral descriptions. However, the difference was not significant. The result of our research suggested that sexual orientation does not modulate our memory of faces. These results have several explanations. One possibility is that people treat the homosexual and heterosexual the same, and homosexual is not salient stimuli. Another possibility is that the modulation effect of sexual information on faces was different across individuals, therefore we cannot detect this effect. Also, the modulation effect of sexual orientation information may play a role in source memory but not in recognition accuracy. In sum, our results failed to find modulation effect of sexual orientation on face memory, and further studies are needed.

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