生物炭对植烟土壤微生态和烤烟生理的影响
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- 英文论文题名：Effects of biochar on the micro-ecology of tobacco-planting soil and physiology of flue-cured tobacco.
- 论文作者：陈懿 ; 陈伟 ; 林叶春 ; 程建中 ; 潘文杰
- 英文论文作者：CHEN Yi ; CHEN Wei ; LIN Yechun ; CHENG Jianzhong ; PAN Wen-jie ; Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science ; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry ; Institute of Geochemistry ; Chinese A cademy of Sciences
- 年：2016
- 作者机构：贵州省烟草科学研究院;中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室;
- 论文关键词：烤烟 ; 植烟土壤 ; 生物炭 ; 微生物 ; 土壤呼吸速率
- 英文论文关键词：flue-cured tobacco ; tobacco-planting soil ; biochar ; microorganism ; soil respiration rate
- 会议召开时间：2016-12-01
- 会议录名称：中国烟草学会2016年度优秀论文汇编——烟草农业主题
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：S572
- 学会代码：ZGYG
- 学会名称：中国烟草学会
- 页数：17
- 文件大小：1392k
- 原文格式：D
摘要
生物炭是农林废弃物资源化利用的研究热点之一。通过田间试验,研究了烟杆炭不同施用量(0、1、10、50 t·hm~(-2))对植烟土壤微生态和烤烟生理特性的影响。结果表明:烤烟各时期土壤含水量均随生物炭用量增加而增加;在烤烟旺长阶段,50 t·hm~(-2)处理的土壤含水量显著高于其他处理。随着生物炭用量的增加,土壤总孔隙度和毛管孔隙度逐渐增加,细菌、放线菌、真菌数量表现为先增后减的趋势,其中生物炭用量10 t·hm~(-2)处理下数值最大。土壤早期呼吸速率随生物炭用量的增加而增大,与对照相比,生物炭处理土壤呼吸速率增幅为7.9%～36.9%,生物炭高用量(50和10 t·hm~(-2))与对照差异显著。生物炭提升了烤烟叶片水势,增加了叶片类胡萝卜素和叶绿素含量,显著增加了根系、地上部和总干质量。表明生物炭在改良植烟土壤微生态和调控烤烟生理特性等方面具有积极效应。
Biochar is one of the research hotspots in the field of the agroforestry waste utilization. A field experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of different amounts of tobacco stem biochar(0, 1, 10, 50 t·hm~(-2)) on soil micro-ecology and physiological properties of flue-cured tobacco. The results showed that soil water content(SWC) increased at all tobacco growth stages as the amounts of biochar applications increased. There were significant differences of SWC between the treatment of 50 t·hm~(-2) and other treatments at the period of tobacco vigorous growth. As the application of biochar increased, the total soil porosity and capillary porosity increased, while soil bacteria, actinomyces, fungi amount increased firstly and then decreased. The amount of soil bacteria, actinomyces, fungi reached the maximum at the treatment of 10 t·ha~(-1). Soil respiration rate(SRR) in earlier stage increased with the increase of biochar applications. Compared with the control, SSR under biochar treatments increased by 7.9%~36.9%, and there were significant differences of SRR between high biochar application treatments(50 t·hm~(-2) and 10 t·hm~(-2)) and the control. biochar improved leaf water potential, carotenoid and chlorophyll contents. Meanwhile, the dry weight of root, shoot and total dry weight under biochar application were higher than that of the control. These results indicate that the biochar played active roles in improving tobacco-planting soil micro-ecology and regulating physiological properties of flue-cured tobacco.
Biochar is one of the research hotspots in the field of the agroforestry waste utilization. A field experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of different amounts of tobacco stem biochar(0, 1, 10, 50 t·hm~(-2)) on soil micro-ecology and physiological properties of flue-cured tobacco. The results showed that soil water content(SWC) increased at all tobacco growth stages as the amounts of biochar applications increased. There were significant differences of SWC between the treatment of 50 t·hm~(-2) and other treatments at the period of tobacco vigorous growth. As the application of biochar increased, the total soil porosity and capillary porosity increased, while soil bacteria, actinomyces, fungi amount increased firstly and then decreased. The amount of soil bacteria, actinomyces, fungi reached the maximum at the treatment of 10 t·ha~(-1). Soil respiration rate(SRR) in earlier stage increased with the increase of biochar applications. Compared with the control, SSR under biochar treatments increased by 7.9%~36.9%, and there were significant differences of SRR between high biochar application treatments(50 t·hm~(-2) and 10 t·hm~(-2)) and the control. biochar improved leaf water potential, carotenoid and chlorophyll contents. Meanwhile, the dry weight of root, shoot and total dry weight under biochar application were higher than that of the control. These results indicate that the biochar played active roles in improving tobacco-planting soil micro-ecology and regulating physiological properties of flue-cured tobacco.
引文
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[9]陈心想,何绪生,耿增超,等.生物炭对不同土壤化学性质、小麦和糜子产量的影响[J].生态学报,2013,33(20):6534-6542.Chen Xinxiang,He Xusheng,Geng Zengchao,et al.Effects of biochar on selected soil chemical properties and on wheat and millet yield[J]..Acta Ecologica Sinica,2013,33(20):6534-6542
[10]刘玉学,王耀锋,吕豪豪,等.不同稻秆炭和竹炭施用水平对小青菜产量、品质以及土壤理化性质的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2013,19(6):1438-1444.LIU Yuxue,WANG Yaofeng,LüHaohao,et al.Effects of different application rates of rice straw biochar and bamboo biochar on yield and quality of greengrocery(Brassica chinensis)and soil properties[J]..Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer,2013,19(6):1438-1444.
[11]张祥,王典,姜存仓,等.生物炭对我国南方红壤和黄棕壤理化性质的影响[J].中国生态农业学报2013,21(8):979-984.ZHANG Xiang,WANG Dian,JIANG Cuncang,et al.Effect of biochar on physicochemical properties of red and yellow brown soils in the South China Region[J]..Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2013,21(8):979-984.
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[13]周志红,李心清,邢英,等.生物炭对土壤氮素淋失的抑制作用[J].地球与环境,2011,39(2):278-284.Zhou Zhi Hong,Lee Xinqing,Xing Ying,et al.Effect of biochar amendment on nitrogen leaching in soil[J].Earth and Environment,2011,39(2):278-284.
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[16]刘玉学,王耀锋,吕豪豪,等.生物质炭化还田对稻田温室气体排放及土壤理化性质的影响[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(8):2166-2172.LIU Yuxue,WANG Yaofeng,LüHaohao,et al.Effects of biochar application on greenhouse gas emission from paddy soil and its physical and chemical properties[J]..Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2013,24(8):2166-2172.
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[19]李玉宁,王关玉,李伟,等.土壤呼吸作用和全球碳循环地学前缘[J].2002,9(2):351-357.Li Yuning,Wang Guanyu,Li Wei.Soil respiration and carbon cycle[J]..Earth Science Frontiers,2002,9(2):351-357.
[20]Asai H,Samson BK,Stephan HM,et al.Biochar amendment techniques for upland rice production in northern Laos[J].Field Crops Research,2009,111:81-84.
[21]齐瑞鹏,张磊,颜永豪,等.定容重条件下生物炭对半干旱区土壤水分入渗特征的影响[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(8):2281-2288.Qi Ruipeng,Zhang Lei,Yan Yonghao,et al.Effects of biochar addition into soils in semiarid land on water infiltration under the condition of the same bulk density[J]..Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2014,25(8):2281-2288.
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