大连市公共交通信息服务研究
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摘要
大连作为环渤海经济区的中心,是东北地区的交通枢纽和现代化中心城市。近年来,大连市的机动车增长速度很快,私家车飞速增长,带来了交通拥堵、环境污染、交通安全等诸多问题,道路及交叉路口开始出现交通拥堵,导致公交汽车正点率下降,行驶速度下降,公交服务水准整体下降,公交汽车的主导地位受到一定的影响。
另一方面,伴随着城市居民生活水平的提高,城市居民出行时对公共交通信息的需求日益增长。公共交通信息包括公共交通路线选择、公共汽车时刻表、公共汽车到站实时时间、公共汽车换乘信息等。目前大连市公共交通系统信息化与智能化水平不高,公共交通企业无法依据客流的变化,动态实时地进行智能化的调度管理,而公交车的动态运能也未得到充分的发挥,同时缺乏相关公共交通出行信息。
本文通过调查问卷的方式考察大连市民的公共交通信息需求。对调查问卷结果进行统计分析,从年龄段、性别、职业、职业类型、使用互联网程度、使用手机程度七个角度考察不同类型市民的公共交通信息需求和获取公共交通信息媒体的偏好,得出媒体偏好与公共交通信息需求之间的关系。
根据分析结果,本文提出大连深度发展公共交通信息化建设的具体建议,即合理利用有影响力的媒体向市民发布公共交通信息,鼓励市民以公共交通方式出行,同时以信息化手段加强道路交通服务信息系统建设,提高交通行业为全社会服务水平。在发展中突出公共交通的主导地位,从本质上提升大连市公共交通的层次,促进各种运输方式的有机衔接,积极推动城市综合运输发展,更好地满足和适应大连市经济的发展。
Dalian as area of economy of annulus Bohai center, is the northeastern region of the transport hub and a modern center city. In recent years, Dalian City motor vehicle grows very fast, the rapid growth of private cars, brought traffic congestion, environmental pollution, traffic safety and many other issues, leading to the bus punctuality rate, speed decreased, the decline in the overall bus public transport service level, the dominant position of influence.
On the other hand, accompanied by city residents living standards improve, city resident trip time on public traffic information demand. Public traffic information including public transportation route selection, bus schedules, bus arrival time, bus transfer information. The Dalian city public transportation information system and intelligent level is not high, public transport enterprise not based on passenger flow changes, dynamic real-time intelligent dispatching management, but the bus dynamic capacity has not been brought into full play, and lack of public transport travel information.
In this paper, by means of the questionnaire investigation of Dalian public traffic information demand. The questionnaire results were statistically analyzed, from age, sex, occupation, type of occupation, use of the Internet, the use of mobile phone of degree seven degree angle examines different types of public traffic information needs and access to public transportation information media preferences, the preference of media and public transportation information demand and the relationship between.
According to the analysis results, this paper puts forward Dalian depth development public traffic informatization construction suggestions, namely reasonable use influential media to the public public transportation information, encourage the public to public traffic model, at the same time information means to strengthen the road traffic information service system construction, improve the transportation industry for the social service level. In the development of public traffic dominant position, actively promote the city comprehensive transportation development, in order to meet the economic development of Dalian city.
另一方面,伴随着城市居民生活水平的提高,城市居民出行时对公共交通信息的需求日益增长。公共交通信息包括公共交通路线选择、公共汽车时刻表、公共汽车到站实时时间、公共汽车换乘信息等。目前大连市公共交通系统信息化与智能化水平不高,公共交通企业无法依据客流的变化,动态实时地进行智能化的调度管理,而公交车的动态运能也未得到充分的发挥,同时缺乏相关公共交通出行信息。
本文通过调查问卷的方式考察大连市民的公共交通信息需求。对调查问卷结果进行统计分析,从年龄段、性别、职业、职业类型、使用互联网程度、使用手机程度七个角度考察不同类型市民的公共交通信息需求和获取公共交通信息媒体的偏好,得出媒体偏好与公共交通信息需求之间的关系。
根据分析结果,本文提出大连深度发展公共交通信息化建设的具体建议,即合理利用有影响力的媒体向市民发布公共交通信息,鼓励市民以公共交通方式出行,同时以信息化手段加强道路交通服务信息系统建设,提高交通行业为全社会服务水平。在发展中突出公共交通的主导地位,从本质上提升大连市公共交通的层次,促进各种运输方式的有机衔接,积极推动城市综合运输发展,更好地满足和适应大连市经济的发展。
Dalian as area of economy of annulus Bohai center, is the northeastern region of the transport hub and a modern center city. In recent years, Dalian City motor vehicle grows very fast, the rapid growth of private cars, brought traffic congestion, environmental pollution, traffic safety and many other issues, leading to the bus punctuality rate, speed decreased, the decline in the overall bus public transport service level, the dominant position of influence.
On the other hand, accompanied by city residents living standards improve, city resident trip time on public traffic information demand. Public traffic information including public transportation route selection, bus schedules, bus arrival time, bus transfer information. The Dalian city public transportation information system and intelligent level is not high, public transport enterprise not based on passenger flow changes, dynamic real-time intelligent dispatching management, but the bus dynamic capacity has not been brought into full play, and lack of public transport travel information.
In this paper, by means of the questionnaire investigation of Dalian public traffic information demand. The questionnaire results were statistically analyzed, from age, sex, occupation, type of occupation, use of the Internet, the use of mobile phone of degree seven degree angle examines different types of public traffic information needs and access to public transportation information media preferences, the preference of media and public transportation information demand and the relationship between.
According to the analysis results, this paper puts forward Dalian depth development public traffic informatization construction suggestions, namely reasonable use influential media to the public public transportation information, encourage the public to public traffic model, at the same time information means to strengthen the road traffic information service system construction, improve the transportation industry for the social service level. In the development of public traffic dominant position, actively promote the city comprehensive transportation development, in order to meet the economic development of Dalian city.
引文
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[4]李河.大连道路交通信息化管理研究.大连理工大学,2006.
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[21]吕佩德,化启庄等,大连市志·公用事业志,大连：大连出版社,2000年
[22]纪春林等.智能化交通管理系统的体系结构、马振川等编.第七届多国城市交通学术会议论文集,中国北京,2001.北京：团结出版社：45-47
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[27]大连市史志办公室.大连市志·交通志.沈阳：辽宁民族出版社,2004
[28]大连市交通口岸管理局.坚持以人为本加快推进交通智能化和信息化建设.全国中心城市交通改革与发展研讨会第21次会议论文汇编.成都,2004：5-8
[29]大连市交通局.全面提高运政部门行业监管能力努力促进交通运输事业和谐发展.全国中心城市交通改革与发展研讨会第22次会议论文集.沈阳,2005：34-40.
[30]辽宁省交通厅.辽宁省交通信息化发展规划(2005—2010).2004.
[31]陈立潮,刘玉树,张永梅,潘广贞.城市交通智能咨询系统的设计与实现.计算机工程,2003,(01).
[32]汪诗锋,杨崇俊,刘冬林,芮小平.基于PDA的公共交通系统设计与实现.计算机应用研究,2007,(01).
[33]陈宽民.城市交通系统理论分析与应用.长安大学,2003.
[34]陆建.城市交通系统可持续发展规划理论与方法.东南大学,2003.
[35]李臻.城市公交车辆智能调度优化研究.山东科技大学,2010.
[36]任少飞,王宁.现代化视角的城市道路交通策略.中国环境科学学会2009年学术年会论文集(第三卷),2009.
[37]马荣国.城市公共交通系统发展问题研究.长安大学,2003.
[38]王有为.城市公共交通枢纽规划研究.西安建筑科技大学,2001.
[39]林生存.广州市智能交通管理指挥系统项目绩效评价实证研究.华南理工大学,2010.
[40]马骥,裴玉龙.智能交通系统(ITS)信息采集技术评述.哈尔滨工业大学学报,2003,(01).
[2]许阳阳.北京市智能交通管理地理信息系统的研究与实现.国防科学技术大学,2002.
[3]王岷竹.大连城市道路交通智能化管理研究.大连理工大学,2003.
[4]李河.大连道路交通信息化管理研究.大连理工大学,2006.
[5]梁丹.沈阳城市道路交通信息化发展研究.东北大学,2008.
[6]姜廷顺.大连市交通指挥控制系统鉴定验收文件.朱朝晖等编.大连市交通指挥控制系统鉴定会,大连,1997.大连：大连市公安局交警支队：28-35
[7]赵宁.换乘优惠与公交票制改革,中国道路运输,2010(02)
[8]娄镜明.全面贯彻实施“公交优先”战略促进城市公交快速发展,辽宁道路运输,2010(02)
[9]陈立友,道路运输企业的四个现代化,辽宁道路运输,2010(01)
[10]宋玺州,大连城市交通驶向新辉煌,辽宁道路运输,2010(02)
[11]朱劲松.发展我国智能交通系统的思考.科技创业月刊,2005,(07).
[12]Courtney, R.L.;, "A broad view of ITS standards in the US," Intelligent Transportation System, 1997. ITSC'97., IEEE Conference on, vol., no., pp.529-536,9-12 Nov 1997
[13]Ailing Huang; Jinsheng Shen; Wei Guan;, "ITS planning methodology for Chinese cities and its evaluation model," Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference,2006. ITSC'06. IEEE, vol., no., pp.1125-1130,17-20 Sept.2006
[14]Kompfner, Paul, et al, ITS City Pioneers project report, European Commission TEN-T Programme, ITS Planning Handbook, Brussels,Belgium,1998.
[15]W.G. Wang, Corpus of Application and Research of Intelligent Transportation Technology in Shenzhen, People Traffic Publishing House. Mar.2001
[16]Z.Y. Huang, W.C. Xu, X.G. "Yang, Discuss on the Effect of ITS to Urban Transport Planning," City Planning Review, Jun.1999.
[17]Q.X. Shi, M.W. Hu, "The Urgent Tasks Faced in the ITS Development of China-ITS Evaluation Methods Studies," Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, Feb 2001
[18]Z.Y. Huang, W.C. Xu, X.G. "Yang, Discuss on the Effect of ITS to Urban Transport Planning," City Planning Review, Jun.1999.
[19]Chinese National Intelligent Transportation System Architecture. Chinese ITS Experts Committee.2001
[20]陈书民,道路交通管理信息化建设存在的问题及对策分析,交通世界,2010年(05)
[21]吕佩德,化启庄等,大连市志·公用事业志,大连：大连出版社,2000年
[22]纪春林等.智能化交通管理系统的体系结构、马振川等编.第七届多国城市交通学术会议论文集,中国北京,2001.北京：团结出版社：45-47
[23]卫小伟.智能化交通系统的发展现状及未来.现代电子技术,2005,(13).
[24]谢振东,徐建闽著,ITS共用信息平台研究,电子技术工程,2002,(8)
[25]丁古旺.我国道路客运信息化发展模式研究：(硕士学位论文).西安：长安大学,2003.
[26]张量.大连市道路货运行业信息化建设研究：(硕士学位论文).大连：大连理工大学,2002.
[27]大连市史志办公室.大连市志·交通志.沈阳：辽宁民族出版社,2004
[28]大连市交通口岸管理局.坚持以人为本加快推进交通智能化和信息化建设.全国中心城市交通改革与发展研讨会第21次会议论文汇编.成都,2004：5-8
[29]大连市交通局.全面提高运政部门行业监管能力努力促进交通运输事业和谐发展.全国中心城市交通改革与发展研讨会第22次会议论文集.沈阳,2005：34-40.
[30]辽宁省交通厅.辽宁省交通信息化发展规划(2005—2010).2004.
[31]陈立潮,刘玉树,张永梅,潘广贞.城市交通智能咨询系统的设计与实现.计算机工程,2003,(01).
[32]汪诗锋,杨崇俊,刘冬林,芮小平.基于PDA的公共交通系统设计与实现.计算机应用研究,2007,(01).
[33]陈宽民.城市交通系统理论分析与应用.长安大学,2003.
[34]陆建.城市交通系统可持续发展规划理论与方法.东南大学,2003.
[35]李臻.城市公交车辆智能调度优化研究.山东科技大学,2010.
[36]任少飞,王宁.现代化视角的城市道路交通策略.中国环境科学学会2009年学术年会论文集(第三卷),2009.
[37]马荣国.城市公共交通系统发展问题研究.长安大学,2003.
[38]王有为.城市公共交通枢纽规划研究.西安建筑科技大学,2001.
[39]林生存.广州市智能交通管理指挥系统项目绩效评价实证研究.华南理工大学,2010.
[40]马骥,裴玉龙.智能交通系统(ITS)信息采集技术评述.哈尔滨工业大学学报,2003,(01).