预应力锚固研究与工程应用
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摘要
随着我国经济建设的快速发展,城市化进程的不断加快,我国的基础设施建设正处于一个蓬勃发展的时期,在诸如水电、交通、能源等各种基础设施建设中产生了大量的高边坡和基坑工程。预应力锚索锚固系统能够有效的激发岩土体潜在承载能力,充分发挥岩土体自身强度,提高岩土体的自身稳定性,且其施工工程量小、安全性高、工期快、消耗小,具有极高的投入产出比。该锚固技术自诞生以来就颇受工程设计者及施工人员的青睐,在诸如水利、公路、铁路等各种工程的滑坡治理、高边坡支护工程中广泛应用。
本文针对预应力锚索的荷载传递机理、预应力锚索的应力亏损机理及预应力锚索长期性能进行系统研究。结合实际高边坡预应力锚索加固工程提出边坡变形机制分析方法及边坡稳定性分析方法,并基于发明专利“压力分散型锚索的内锚固承载体”进行预应力锚索的设计,同时对预应力锚索施工过程进行探讨研究。在预应力锚索监测方面,文章分析了基十磁通量传感器的检测系统,并主要对光纤光栅的检测手段进行研究。
本文具体研究内容包括以下几个方面：
(1)对预应力锚索锚固段荷载传递解析进行探索,基于弹性力学凯尔文(kelvin)问题弹性解推导预应力锚索内锚固段应力分布弹性解。根据压力型锚索的主要失效模式从理论上分析了压力型锚索荷载传递机制。在考虑灌浆体三向受力状态的前提下,选择合适的荷载传递模型建立反映压力型锚索灌浆体与岩体粘接界面相互作用规律的基本方程,求解界面剪应力分布规律以及灌浆体中轴向应力应变分布规律。同时,分析了不同岩体、锚固体材料参数对应力分布的影响。理论上解释了压力型预应力锚索的荷载传递特点及主要影响因素。基于明德林解,采用积分法分析压力型岩锚锚固段周围岩体中的应力分布情况
(2)从预应力锚索锚固材料性质、被锚固介质力学性质、施工工艺及运行管理水平等多方面对预应力锚索预应力亏损进行分析研究。对锚墩基础沉降量引起的预应力亏损进行研究,考虑了预应力锚墩下土体在三向应力作用下的变形影响,引入土体弹塑性本构关系来阐述土体的变形特性,进而研究锚墩基础沉降引起的锚索预应力亏损。
(3)针对预应力锚索锚固的预应力亏损,讨论预应力锚索长期性能的综合控制措施,为工程设计及施工提供一定的参考依据。
(4)结合实际工程,对高边坡进行预应力锚固设计,在地质分析的基础上,选择典型剖面计算不同工作状态下的应力、应变,总结出边坡破坏模式,利用反演法推导力学参数计算边坡稳定加固荷载。基于发明专利“压力分散型锚索的内锚固承载体”进行预应力锚索的设计,同时对预应力锚索施工技术要领进行分析研究。
(5)对预应力锚索的监测进行研究,包括监测内容、项目、监测的基本要求等方面,研究基于磁通量的预应力锚索监测系统,主要对光纤光栅的检测手段进行研究,改进现有预应力锚索钢绞线形成基于光纤光栅传感器的智能钢绞线,对智能钢绞线的应力传感性能、温度传感性能等方面进行试验,证明智能钢绞线完全能满足用于拉索测量的基本条件。
With the rapid development of our country's economic construction and the continuing acceleration of urbanization, our country's construction of infrastructure is in a period of vigorous development,In areas such as water conservancy, transportation, energy and other infrastructure producing a large number of high-slope and foundation engineering. Prestressed anchor rope stabilization can fully play the self-supporting's potentiality, adjust and improve the soil's strength and self-stability, reduce the weight of the supporting structure, save engineering materials, and ensure the security and stability of the construction, which has significant economic and social benefits. Therefore, prestressed anchorage technology are widely used in highway, railway, and water conservancy projects such as landslide, high slope supportPotential for its advantages of small perturbations of geotechnical, fast construction, economy security and so on.
This article will focus on the load transfer mechanism of prestressed anchor, the stress prestressed loss mechanism and the long-term performance of prestressed anchor to conduct a systematical research. Proposing analytical and slope stability analysis methods according to the actual high-slope prestressed anchor reinforcement engineering Resigning prestressed anchor based on the patent "inner pressure dispersion-type anchor anchor carrier",while exploring and researching the construction process of prestressed anchor at the same time. In the aspect of monitoring prestressed anchor, this article analyzes the detection system based on the flux sensor and mainly studies the means of detection of FBG.
The specific studying context includes the following aspects:
(1)Explore the load transfer method about the anchorage section of pre-stressed anchorage cable. Based on elasticity Kelvin (kelvin) problem prestressed elastic solution derived anchor rope, elastic stress distribution solution. According to the main pressure type cable failure mode, we analyze the pressure type cable load transfer mechanism theoretically. In considering three-dimensional stress of grouted body, select the appropriate load transfer model to establish the basic equation reflects pressure type cable grout bonding interface with rock interaction law and solve the distribution of interfacial shear stress and grouted body axial stress. At the same time, analysis different rocks and anchoring material parameters'impact on the stress distribution. Theoretically, Explains the characteristics of pressure-type Prestressed load transfer and main influencing factors. Based on Mindlin Solution, using integral method to analysis the distribution of pressure-type rock bolt anchorage segment surrounding rock stress.
(2)From the material properties of pre-stressed anchor cable and anchorage, mechanical properties of anchored media, construction technology and management level and other aspects, we will analysis the prestressing loss of anchor cable. Also we will conduct a research concerning prestressing loss which is caused by the foundation settlement of anchorage pier, and take into account the deformation influence of the soil in three-dimensional stress under the prestressed anchor pier, introducing the constitutive relation of elastoplasticity to illustrate the deformation characteristics of the soil, and thus carry on a research about the prestressing loss of anchor cable, which is caused by the foundation settlement of anchorage pier.
(3) Discussing the long-term integrated control measures of prestressing anchor, in connection with prepressing losses of anchorage, to provide certain reference for engineering design and construction.
(4)Concerning about actual project, do the prepressed anchorage design for high slope. Based on the analysis of geological, select a typical cross-section calculations under different working conditions of stress and strain. Calculate the slope stability reinforcement load using mechanical parameters derived by the inversion. Design the prepressing anchor based on the invention patent of the pressure dispersion-type anchor carrier. At the same time, complete research and analysis of technical construction essentials for prepressing anchorage.
(5)Research on the monitoring of prestressed anchor cable including the monitoring content, the basic requirement of the project, monitoring, etc. Research based on the magnetic flux of prestressed anchor monitoring system, maily focus on the testing method of Fiber Bragg grating, improving the Existing prestressing anchor cable steel strand and form Smart steel strand based on Optical fiber grating sensor and through make experiment on stress sensing performance and temperature sensing performance of smart steel strand to prove that Smart steel strand can completely meet the basic conditions for measuring anchor cable.
本文针对预应力锚索的荷载传递机理、预应力锚索的应力亏损机理及预应力锚索长期性能进行系统研究。结合实际高边坡预应力锚索加固工程提出边坡变形机制分析方法及边坡稳定性分析方法,并基于发明专利“压力分散型锚索的内锚固承载体”进行预应力锚索的设计,同时对预应力锚索施工过程进行探讨研究。在预应力锚索监测方面,文章分析了基十磁通量传感器的检测系统,并主要对光纤光栅的检测手段进行研究。
本文具体研究内容包括以下几个方面：
(1)对预应力锚索锚固段荷载传递解析进行探索,基于弹性力学凯尔文(kelvin)问题弹性解推导预应力锚索内锚固段应力分布弹性解。根据压力型锚索的主要失效模式从理论上分析了压力型锚索荷载传递机制。在考虑灌浆体三向受力状态的前提下,选择合适的荷载传递模型建立反映压力型锚索灌浆体与岩体粘接界面相互作用规律的基本方程,求解界面剪应力分布规律以及灌浆体中轴向应力应变分布规律。同时,分析了不同岩体、锚固体材料参数对应力分布的影响。理论上解释了压力型预应力锚索的荷载传递特点及主要影响因素。基于明德林解,采用积分法分析压力型岩锚锚固段周围岩体中的应力分布情况
(2)从预应力锚索锚固材料性质、被锚固介质力学性质、施工工艺及运行管理水平等多方面对预应力锚索预应力亏损进行分析研究。对锚墩基础沉降量引起的预应力亏损进行研究,考虑了预应力锚墩下土体在三向应力作用下的变形影响,引入土体弹塑性本构关系来阐述土体的变形特性,进而研究锚墩基础沉降引起的锚索预应力亏损。
(3)针对预应力锚索锚固的预应力亏损,讨论预应力锚索长期性能的综合控制措施,为工程设计及施工提供一定的参考依据。
(4)结合实际工程,对高边坡进行预应力锚固设计,在地质分析的基础上,选择典型剖面计算不同工作状态下的应力、应变,总结出边坡破坏模式,利用反演法推导力学参数计算边坡稳定加固荷载。基于发明专利“压力分散型锚索的内锚固承载体”进行预应力锚索的设计,同时对预应力锚索施工技术要领进行分析研究。
(5)对预应力锚索的监测进行研究,包括监测内容、项目、监测的基本要求等方面,研究基于磁通量的预应力锚索监测系统,主要对光纤光栅的检测手段进行研究,改进现有预应力锚索钢绞线形成基于光纤光栅传感器的智能钢绞线,对智能钢绞线的应力传感性能、温度传感性能等方面进行试验,证明智能钢绞线完全能满足用于拉索测量的基本条件。
With the rapid development of our country's economic construction and the continuing acceleration of urbanization, our country's construction of infrastructure is in a period of vigorous development,In areas such as water conservancy, transportation, energy and other infrastructure producing a large number of high-slope and foundation engineering. Prestressed anchor rope stabilization can fully play the self-supporting's potentiality, adjust and improve the soil's strength and self-stability, reduce the weight of the supporting structure, save engineering materials, and ensure the security and stability of the construction, which has significant economic and social benefits. Therefore, prestressed anchorage technology are widely used in highway, railway, and water conservancy projects such as landslide, high slope supportPotential for its advantages of small perturbations of geotechnical, fast construction, economy security and so on.
This article will focus on the load transfer mechanism of prestressed anchor, the stress prestressed loss mechanism and the long-term performance of prestressed anchor to conduct a systematical research. Proposing analytical and slope stability analysis methods according to the actual high-slope prestressed anchor reinforcement engineering Resigning prestressed anchor based on the patent "inner pressure dispersion-type anchor anchor carrier",while exploring and researching the construction process of prestressed anchor at the same time. In the aspect of monitoring prestressed anchor, this article analyzes the detection system based on the flux sensor and mainly studies the means of detection of FBG.
The specific studying context includes the following aspects:
(1)Explore the load transfer method about the anchorage section of pre-stressed anchorage cable. Based on elasticity Kelvin (kelvin) problem prestressed elastic solution derived anchor rope, elastic stress distribution solution. According to the main pressure type cable failure mode, we analyze the pressure type cable load transfer mechanism theoretically. In considering three-dimensional stress of grouted body, select the appropriate load transfer model to establish the basic equation reflects pressure type cable grout bonding interface with rock interaction law and solve the distribution of interfacial shear stress and grouted body axial stress. At the same time, analysis different rocks and anchoring material parameters'impact on the stress distribution. Theoretically, Explains the characteristics of pressure-type Prestressed load transfer and main influencing factors. Based on Mindlin Solution, using integral method to analysis the distribution of pressure-type rock bolt anchorage segment surrounding rock stress.
(2)From the material properties of pre-stressed anchor cable and anchorage, mechanical properties of anchored media, construction technology and management level and other aspects, we will analysis the prestressing loss of anchor cable. Also we will conduct a research concerning prestressing loss which is caused by the foundation settlement of anchorage pier, and take into account the deformation influence of the soil in three-dimensional stress under the prestressed anchor pier, introducing the constitutive relation of elastoplasticity to illustrate the deformation characteristics of the soil, and thus carry on a research about the prestressing loss of anchor cable, which is caused by the foundation settlement of anchorage pier.
(3) Discussing the long-term integrated control measures of prestressing anchor, in connection with prepressing losses of anchorage, to provide certain reference for engineering design and construction.
(4)Concerning about actual project, do the prepressed anchorage design for high slope. Based on the analysis of geological, select a typical cross-section calculations under different working conditions of stress and strain. Calculate the slope stability reinforcement load using mechanical parameters derived by the inversion. Design the prepressing anchor based on the invention patent of the pressure dispersion-type anchor carrier. At the same time, complete research and analysis of technical construction essentials for prepressing anchorage.
(5)Research on the monitoring of prestressed anchor cable including the monitoring content, the basic requirement of the project, monitoring, etc. Research based on the magnetic flux of prestressed anchor monitoring system, maily focus on the testing method of Fiber Bragg grating, improving the Existing prestressing anchor cable steel strand and form Smart steel strand based on Optical fiber grating sensor and through make experiment on stress sensing performance and temperature sensing performance of smart steel strand to prove that Smart steel strand can completely meet the basic conditions for measuring anchor cable.
引文
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