效率补偿后的金属带无级变速传动系统匹配控制策略
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摘要
无级变速传动是汽车理想的传动方式,能提高整车燃油经济性和动力性,因此一直倍受人们关注?在发动机不变的情况下,进一步提高整车的动力性和经济性可以从以下两个方面入手:(1)匹配,制定出更理想的匹配控制策略?(2)提高传动系统各部件的传动效率?
本文在国家自然科学基金重点项目(批准号:50122101)资助下,对金属带式无级变速传动系统进行效率分析和对匹配控制策略进行效率补偿,以及对补偿前后的匹配控制策略进行仿真比较?在硬件条件不变的情况下,利用该策略替代原来的匹配控制策略,有望进一步提高装备金属带式无级变速器汽车的动力性和经济性?具体研究内容如下:
1) 对变速传动方式进行了比较,指出金属带式无级变速传动是当今轿车自动变速器的发展趋势?重点介绍了金属带式无级变速传动的发展和应用情况,总结了金属带式无级变速传动的研究现状?
2) 金属带的传动机理研究是计算其效率的基础?通过分析金属带式无级变速传动过程中金属块?金属环和带轮的工作原理和受力关系:金属带的转矩传递是由金属块之间的挤推力和金属环的张力共同作用的结果,推导出了求解金属块挤推力?金属环张力及带轮轴向力的数学式?
3) 金属带式无级变速器的效率是衡量其性能的一项重要指标?在对无级变速系统进行力学分析的基础上,综合考虑了润滑油的粘度对功率损失的影响后得出了效率的计算公式?并对其效率做了计算仿真,得出了效率随转矩?转速变化的趋势图和效率随转矩?速比变化的趋势图?这两个趋势图对效率实验和匹配控制策略制定具有指导性的作用?
4) 通过对JL474Q1发动机台架试验,构造了发动机转矩和发动机油耗模型,确定了发动机最佳经济性与最佳动力性工作线?对无级变速器与发动机的匹配进行无级变速器的效率补偿,得出了补偿后经济性和动力性匹配控制策略?
5) 以长安羚羊7130轿车为研究对象,在简化车辆无级变速传动系统的基础上,建立了整车传动系统仿真模型?在仿真中,使汽车分别以效率补偿前后控制策略运行,以ECE15循环工况的燃油消耗量来评价汽车的燃油经济性;以汽车全油门加速至100km/h所用的时间来评价汽车的动力性?
Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT)can improve fuel economy and performance of vehicle, therefore it is an ideal transmission and always concerned by engineers. In the case of unchanged engine, it can improve fuel economy and performance of vehicle through two followed sides: (1)to establish more ideal strategy,(2)to improve the efficiency of parts of CVT.
Efficiency of CVT has been analyzed. The matching strategies have been repaired with efficiency and compared through Matlab simulation. All of the work are financed by National Natural Science Foundation from the project (50122101). In the case of constant hardware, it can improve fuel economy and performance of vehicle hopefully when the repaired strategy in place of original strategy. This paper involves followed content:
1) On the basis of comparison of three kinds of transmissions, the technology of CVT was pointed out as developing tendency for the transmission of passenger car. It presents the development and application of CVT and summarizes the research of CVT.
2) The transmission mechanism is the foundation of calculation of CVT efficiency. By analyzing the working forces on blocks?rings and axial forces on pulleys of the metal pushing V-belt during torque transmitting, what the power transmitting is the mutual results of the blocks and rings is pointed out, and formulae for calculating the working forces and the axial forces on pulleys are deduced.
3) The efficiency of the CVT is an important factor for weighing CVT performance. Based on the mechanical analysis, by synthetically the effect of the viscosity lubricant on the power loss of CVT, the formulae of efficiency is established. The Calculation of efficiency was done, getting two efficiency trend charts. One is efficiency with torque and rotational speed variation .The other is efficiency with torque and ratio variation. The two charts are guidance in formulating matching and control strategy and in efficiency experiment.
4) Based on the JL474Q1 engine experiment, torque and oil consumption model of engine are established by method of spline interpolation. The optimum economy and performance curves are put forward without considering CVT efficiency. The matching and control strategy of CVT and engine is repaired with CVT efficiency. The Strategies of fuel economy and performance are established.
5) On the basis of model of CVT simplified, simulation model of vehicle is
established from Linyang7130 vehicle as research object. It makes the vehicle work according to the two strategies which are repaired with efficiency or not in simulation. The fuel economy is estimated by fuel consumption of an ECE15 city cycle. The performance is estimated by the needed time of acceleration from zero to 100km/h with throttle opened entirely.
本文在国家自然科学基金重点项目(批准号:50122101)资助下,对金属带式无级变速传动系统进行效率分析和对匹配控制策略进行效率补偿,以及对补偿前后的匹配控制策略进行仿真比较?在硬件条件不变的情况下,利用该策略替代原来的匹配控制策略,有望进一步提高装备金属带式无级变速器汽车的动力性和经济性?具体研究内容如下:
1) 对变速传动方式进行了比较,指出金属带式无级变速传动是当今轿车自动变速器的发展趋势?重点介绍了金属带式无级变速传动的发展和应用情况,总结了金属带式无级变速传动的研究现状?
2) 金属带的传动机理研究是计算其效率的基础?通过分析金属带式无级变速传动过程中金属块?金属环和带轮的工作原理和受力关系:金属带的转矩传递是由金属块之间的挤推力和金属环的张力共同作用的结果,推导出了求解金属块挤推力?金属环张力及带轮轴向力的数学式?
3) 金属带式无级变速器的效率是衡量其性能的一项重要指标?在对无级变速系统进行力学分析的基础上,综合考虑了润滑油的粘度对功率损失的影响后得出了效率的计算公式?并对其效率做了计算仿真,得出了效率随转矩?转速变化的趋势图和效率随转矩?速比变化的趋势图?这两个趋势图对效率实验和匹配控制策略制定具有指导性的作用?
4) 通过对JL474Q1发动机台架试验,构造了发动机转矩和发动机油耗模型,确定了发动机最佳经济性与最佳动力性工作线?对无级变速器与发动机的匹配进行无级变速器的效率补偿,得出了补偿后经济性和动力性匹配控制策略?
5) 以长安羚羊7130轿车为研究对象,在简化车辆无级变速传动系统的基础上,建立了整车传动系统仿真模型?在仿真中,使汽车分别以效率补偿前后控制策略运行,以ECE15循环工况的燃油消耗量来评价汽车的燃油经济性;以汽车全油门加速至100km/h所用的时间来评价汽车的动力性?
Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT)can improve fuel economy and performance of vehicle, therefore it is an ideal transmission and always concerned by engineers. In the case of unchanged engine, it can improve fuel economy and performance of vehicle through two followed sides: (1)to establish more ideal strategy,(2)to improve the efficiency of parts of CVT.
Efficiency of CVT has been analyzed. The matching strategies have been repaired with efficiency and compared through Matlab simulation. All of the work are financed by National Natural Science Foundation from the project (50122101). In the case of constant hardware, it can improve fuel economy and performance of vehicle hopefully when the repaired strategy in place of original strategy. This paper involves followed content:
1) On the basis of comparison of three kinds of transmissions, the technology of CVT was pointed out as developing tendency for the transmission of passenger car. It presents the development and application of CVT and summarizes the research of CVT.
2) The transmission mechanism is the foundation of calculation of CVT efficiency. By analyzing the working forces on blocks?rings and axial forces on pulleys of the metal pushing V-belt during torque transmitting, what the power transmitting is the mutual results of the blocks and rings is pointed out, and formulae for calculating the working forces and the axial forces on pulleys are deduced.
3) The efficiency of the CVT is an important factor for weighing CVT performance. Based on the mechanical analysis, by synthetically the effect of the viscosity lubricant on the power loss of CVT, the formulae of efficiency is established. The Calculation of efficiency was done, getting two efficiency trend charts. One is efficiency with torque and rotational speed variation .The other is efficiency with torque and ratio variation. The two charts are guidance in formulating matching and control strategy and in efficiency experiment.
4) Based on the JL474Q1 engine experiment, torque and oil consumption model of engine are established by method of spline interpolation. The optimum economy and performance curves are put forward without considering CVT efficiency. The matching and control strategy of CVT and engine is repaired with CVT efficiency. The Strategies of fuel economy and performance are established.
5) On the basis of model of CVT simplified, simulation model of vehicle is
established from Linyang7130 vehicle as research object. It makes the vehicle work according to the two strategies which are repaired with efficiency or not in simulation. The fuel economy is estimated by fuel consumption of an ECE15 city cycle. The performance is estimated by the needed time of acceleration from zero to 100km/h with throttle opened entirely.
引文
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[2] 葛安林. 车辆自动变速理论与设计.北京:机械工业出版社.1993
[3] 刘钊?黄宗益?李庆. 轿车用自动变速器的发展动态. 传动技术.2000(1):1～8
[4] 葛安林.自动变速器(六)-电控机械式自动变速器(AMT), 汽车工程,2001,10:1～4
[5] 周云山,于秀敏编著.汽车电控系统理论与设计.北京:北京理工大学出版社.1999
[6] Nort Liebrand Future potential for CVT technology.SAE 9636295
[7] Masayuki Fuchino,Kouhei Ohosono.Development of fully electronic control metal belt CVT,SAE 9636286
[8] Keiji SATO,Ryuzo SAKAKIYAMA,Haruhiko NAKAMURA.Development of electronic- ally controlled CVT system equipped with CVT.SAE 9636321
[9] Manfred Boos and Herbert Mozer.CVT at ZF,SAE 9636303
[10] 程乃士,张德臻,刘温等.金属带式车用无级变速器.中国机械工程,2000,11(12):1421～1423
[11] Micklem J D,Longmore D K,Burrows C R. Modelling or the steel pushing V-belt continuously variable transmissions [J].Proc Instn Mech Engrs 1994,208(C1):13-27.
[12] Micklem J D,Longmore D K,Burrows C R . Belt torqe loss in a steel V-belt continuously variable transmissions[J]. Proc Instn Mech Engrs 1994, 208 (D2):91-97.
[13] Guebeil M, Micklem J D,Burrows C R. Maximum Transmission Efficiency of a Steel Belt Continuously Variable Transmission. Transactions of the ASME, 1993. 115(4): 1044-1048.
[14] Anders Bonthron et al. CVT-Efficiency Measured under Dynamic Running Conditions, SAE technical paper series, No850569
[15] 程乃士,刘温,郭大忠,张德珍,张凤和.金属带式无级变速器传动效率的实验研究, 东北大学学报(自然科学版),2000 (8):394～396
[16] 何仁.汽车动力性燃料经济性模拟计算方法及应用,北京:机械工业出版社,1996
[17] 何仁,高宗英.汽车传动系最优匹配评价指标的探讨,汽车工程,1996,Vol.18(1):55～60
[18] 秦大同,刘世明等.金属带式无级变速传动的动力学分析.机械工程学报. 2000,36(3):65～68
[19] 孙冬野,秦大同,杨亚联.金属带式无级变速传动的运动学和动力学分析.重庆大学学报,1998,21(4) :1～6
[20] 孙冬野,秦大同,杨亚联.金属带式无级变速传动(CVT)装置关键件结构强度分析.机械传动,1998,22(4)
[21] 王红岩,方泳龙等.金属带式无级变速系统动态特性的仿真分析.汽车技术.1999(5): 1～4
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