我国城市养老社区投资研究
|
摘要
我国已经进入老龄化社会,并且面临着逐年加剧的人口老龄化趋势。随着人口老龄化速度的加快,老龄化对社会的影响和意义,己不仅仅是个人或家庭问题,而是一个社会问题。社区养老模式使老年人既能生活在熟悉的生活环境里,又能整合社区内各种资源为老人提供生活服务。在这种良好和谐的社区环境中,邻里关系和谐相处,老年人精神愉悦,并且可以跟家人一起。同时,社区服务具有成本低、效率高、效应大等特点,因为集各种优势于一体。既可满足老年人居家养老的意愿,又能弥补家庭以及机构养老的不足,因而对解决快速老龄化背景下的老年保障问题有着非常重要的意义。
本文首先对社区养老相关定义进行了界定及研究,分析了我国城市社区养老的发展现状。主要是从老年人养老服务的需求及供给情况,发展社区养老的政治、经济、文化三个方面说明我国城市发展社区养老的有利条件,并提出了存在的问题和发展障碍。并结合国外先进养老模式,对比分析找出适合我国的养老模式。本研究在分析城市老年住宅需求的基础上,通过对北京市老年市老年人居住意愿、养老方式偏好进行调查比较,进一步探究了适合我国城市老年住宅开发的模式。最后分析北京市场现有养老机构和养老社区的软硬件设施等情况,找出市场机会点,提出了北京市养老社区总体规划建议及实证研究。研究旨在提醒社会关注老年人这一特殊群体,使他们老有所养、老有所居、老有所乐,并为我国日益竞争激烈的房地产市场提供新的发展思路。
China has entered the aging society, and been facing with continuously increasing aging population. With the speeding up of aging population, the social influence and significance has been not only a person or family problems, but a social problem. In community endowment mode the elderly people can live in familiar living environment, and various resources the community can be integrated to provide life service. In such a harmonious community environment, the neighborhood is in harmony, and the elderly can be together with their family. Meanwhile, community service will have lower cost, higher efficiency and larger effect for setting various advantages in one body. It both satisfies the elderly home endowment intention, and compensates the family and institution endowment insufficiency. Therefore it has important significance to solve rapidly aging security problem.
In this paper the related definitions of community endowment were given first, and the current situation of the development of the urban community endowment was analyzed mainly from the demand and supply situation of elderly endowment service, the favorable conditions of the development of community endowment from politics, economy, culture three aspects, and the existing problems and development obstacle. Combining with advanced foreign endowment mode, comparative analysis was carried out to find suitable endowment patterns in China. Based on the analysis of city aged housings demand and investigation and comparison of aged people living intend, favorite endowment mode in Beijing, the urban endowment estate development mode for China was further investigated. Finally on the analysis of existing organization for aged and aged community hardware and software facilities etc in Beijing, the market opportunities was found, and Beijing endowment community planning and empirical research was puts forward. Research aims to remind society on this special group to make them be raised, habitat, and have a happy life, and provides new ideas for further development for our competitive real estate market.
本文首先对社区养老相关定义进行了界定及研究,分析了我国城市社区养老的发展现状。主要是从老年人养老服务的需求及供给情况,发展社区养老的政治、经济、文化三个方面说明我国城市发展社区养老的有利条件,并提出了存在的问题和发展障碍。并结合国外先进养老模式,对比分析找出适合我国的养老模式。本研究在分析城市老年住宅需求的基础上,通过对北京市老年市老年人居住意愿、养老方式偏好进行调查比较,进一步探究了适合我国城市老年住宅开发的模式。最后分析北京市场现有养老机构和养老社区的软硬件设施等情况,找出市场机会点,提出了北京市养老社区总体规划建议及实证研究。研究旨在提醒社会关注老年人这一特殊群体,使他们老有所养、老有所居、老有所乐,并为我国日益竞争激烈的房地产市场提供新的发展思路。
China has entered the aging society, and been facing with continuously increasing aging population. With the speeding up of aging population, the social influence and significance has been not only a person or family problems, but a social problem. In community endowment mode the elderly people can live in familiar living environment, and various resources the community can be integrated to provide life service. In such a harmonious community environment, the neighborhood is in harmony, and the elderly can be together with their family. Meanwhile, community service will have lower cost, higher efficiency and larger effect for setting various advantages in one body. It both satisfies the elderly home endowment intention, and compensates the family and institution endowment insufficiency. Therefore it has important significance to solve rapidly aging security problem.
In this paper the related definitions of community endowment were given first, and the current situation of the development of the urban community endowment was analyzed mainly from the demand and supply situation of elderly endowment service, the favorable conditions of the development of community endowment from politics, economy, culture three aspects, and the existing problems and development obstacle. Combining with advanced foreign endowment mode, comparative analysis was carried out to find suitable endowment patterns in China. Based on the analysis of city aged housings demand and investigation and comparison of aged people living intend, favorite endowment mode in Beijing, the urban endowment estate development mode for China was further investigated. Finally on the analysis of existing organization for aged and aged community hardware and software facilities etc in Beijing, the market opportunities was found, and Beijing endowment community planning and empirical research was puts forward. Research aims to remind society on this special group to make them be raised, habitat, and have a happy life, and provides new ideas for further development for our competitive real estate market.
引文
[1] 2008统计年鉴,国家统计局,2009
[2]张时飞,加快发展养老服务业积极应对国际金融危机[C],北京:国际金融危机下的中国社会政策论坛会议材料,2009
[3]全国老龄委,中国人口老龄化发展趋势预测研究报告,2006年
[4]腾尼斯著,林荣远译,社区与社会[M],北京:商务印书馆,1999:11
[5]陶立群,中国老年人社会福利[M],北京:中国社会出版社,2002
[6]唐忠新,社区服务思路与方法[M],北京:机械工业出版社,2003:40.
[7]梁新颖,家庭养老社会化问题探路[J],社会科学辑刊,2000,(4):46-48
[8]史柏年,老人社区照顾的发展与策略[J],中国青年政治学院学报,1997,(1):94-97
[9]王海燕,发展城市社区养老应对人口老龄化[J],理论学刊,2002,(5):67-69
[10]陈沸,许彬,王时浩等.社区经营与社区服务[M],北京:中国社会出版社,2005
[11]陈丹沛,老年居住产业开发模式初探[M],《中国房地产评论》,2009
[12] Burgess E.W. Aging in Western Societies. Chicago: University of Chicago Press,1960
[13] Havighurst R J, R Albrecht .Older People. New York:Longmans,1953
[14] Rose A M. A Current Theoretical Issue in Social Gerontology. The Gerontologist,1964,4(1):46-50
[15] Roson I., The Social Context of the Aging self. The Gerontologist, 1973,(1):82-87
[16]林万亿,福利国家:历史比较的分析[M],台湾:巨流出版社,1994.
[17] Noman Johnson. Mixed Economies of Welfare-Comparative Perspective [M]. London and New York: Prentice Hall Europe, 1999.
[18]杨团,葛道顺,中国城市社区的社会保障新范式——大连与杭州社区个案研究与探索[J],管理世界,2002,(2):57-64
[19]吴来苏,构建具有中国特色的养老方式——推进以家庭养老为主、社区养老为支撑的养老方式[J],长沙民政职业技术学院学报,2005,(3):1-5
[20] Donald.O., Cowgill, Lowell D. Holmes(eds.).Aging and Modernization. N.Y., Appleton-century-crofts,1986:73-81
[21] Aoli Cidis. Facing Zero Population Growth. South Carolina. Duke University Press, 1978:96-100
[22] Cumming, Henry. Theories of Disengagement. Pranrinceton Economic Press, 1961:196-208
[23] Neugarten B.L. Journal of Marriage and the Family. Duke Univercity Press, 1964:227
[24] Quinn W., Langlie J.K. Personal and Family Adjustment in Life. Journal of Marriage and the Family,1982:12-15
[25] Spritze G., Logan J.R., Helping as a Component of Parent Child Relations. Journal of Gerontology,1992:136-138
[26] Leung A.K. Handbook of Aging and Social Science:1989-1997
[27] Joseph J. The Economics of Individual and Population Aging. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,1980:45-51
[28] Chappell N.L. Self-care in Relation to Informal and Formal Care. Academic Press, 1990:7-22
[29] Stone H. Social Forces and Aging: An Introduction to social Gerontology. Belmont: Wadsworth, Thomson Learning.INC.,1991:156-160
[30] Doty P. Family Care of Elderly: The Role of Public Policy. Pine Forge Press, 1986:43-47
[31]王吴蓓,徐勤,城市社区长期照料体系的现状与问题[J],人口研究,2007,(?5)? :61- 70
[32]赵丽宏,完善社区养老服务——支持居家养老[J],黑龙江社会科学,2005,(3):112-115
[33]张晶华,我国养老地产现状分析[J],经营管理者,2010,(4):71
[34]刘菲,论完善社区养老服务[J],北方经济,2007,(8):13-14
[35]项丽萍,我国社区养老服务方式探析[J],青海社会科学,2007,(5):31-33
[36]王俊霞,人口老龄化与社区养老[J],求实,2003,(6):196-197
[37]谭樱芳,社区养老——城镇养老服务保障的新选择[J],青岛行政学院学报,2007,(1):47-50
[38]许爱花,中国城市社区老年人养老模式之反思[J],宁夏大学学报,2005,(3):108-111
[39]龚静怡,社区养老服务——符合中国国情的城镇养老模式[J],河海大学学报, 2004,(12):72-74
[40]陈军,社区居家养老——城市养老模式的选择[J],社会,2001,(9):22-24
[41]邵岗,城市养老模式刍议[J],理论界,2010,(7):199-200
[42]闫青春,养老机构发展中的主要矛盾及应对策略[J],社会福利,2000,(12):9-11
[43]全国老龄工作委员会,《2009年度中国老龄事业发展统计公报》,2010,07
[44]毛满长,李胜平,社区居家养老:中国城镇养老模式探索[J].西北农林科技大学学报(社会科学版).2010,01?
[2]张时飞,加快发展养老服务业积极应对国际金融危机[C],北京:国际金融危机下的中国社会政策论坛会议材料,2009
[3]全国老龄委,中国人口老龄化发展趋势预测研究报告,2006年
[4]腾尼斯著,林荣远译,社区与社会[M],北京:商务印书馆,1999:11
[5]陶立群,中国老年人社会福利[M],北京:中国社会出版社,2002
[6]唐忠新,社区服务思路与方法[M],北京:机械工业出版社,2003:40.
[7]梁新颖,家庭养老社会化问题探路[J],社会科学辑刊,2000,(4):46-48
[8]史柏年,老人社区照顾的发展与策略[J],中国青年政治学院学报,1997,(1):94-97
[9]王海燕,发展城市社区养老应对人口老龄化[J],理论学刊,2002,(5):67-69
[10]陈沸,许彬,王时浩等.社区经营与社区服务[M],北京:中国社会出版社,2005
[11]陈丹沛,老年居住产业开发模式初探[M],《中国房地产评论》,2009
[12] Burgess E.W. Aging in Western Societies. Chicago: University of Chicago Press,1960
[13] Havighurst R J, R Albrecht .Older People. New York:Longmans,1953
[14] Rose A M. A Current Theoretical Issue in Social Gerontology. The Gerontologist,1964,4(1):46-50
[15] Roson I., The Social Context of the Aging self. The Gerontologist, 1973,(1):82-87
[16]林万亿,福利国家:历史比较的分析[M],台湾:巨流出版社,1994.
[17] Noman Johnson. Mixed Economies of Welfare-Comparative Perspective [M]. London and New York: Prentice Hall Europe, 1999.
[18]杨团,葛道顺,中国城市社区的社会保障新范式——大连与杭州社区个案研究与探索[J],管理世界,2002,(2):57-64
[19]吴来苏,构建具有中国特色的养老方式——推进以家庭养老为主、社区养老为支撑的养老方式[J],长沙民政职业技术学院学报,2005,(3):1-5
[20] Donald.O., Cowgill, Lowell D. Holmes(eds.).Aging and Modernization. N.Y., Appleton-century-crofts,1986:73-81
[21] Aoli Cidis. Facing Zero Population Growth. South Carolina. Duke University Press, 1978:96-100
[22] Cumming, Henry. Theories of Disengagement. Pranrinceton Economic Press, 1961:196-208
[23] Neugarten B.L. Journal of Marriage and the Family. Duke Univercity Press, 1964:227
[24] Quinn W., Langlie J.K. Personal and Family Adjustment in Life. Journal of Marriage and the Family,1982:12-15
[25] Spritze G., Logan J.R., Helping as a Component of Parent Child Relations. Journal of Gerontology,1992:136-138
[26] Leung A.K. Handbook of Aging and Social Science:1989-1997
[27] Joseph J. The Economics of Individual and Population Aging. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,1980:45-51
[28] Chappell N.L. Self-care in Relation to Informal and Formal Care. Academic Press, 1990:7-22
[29] Stone H. Social Forces and Aging: An Introduction to social Gerontology. Belmont: Wadsworth, Thomson Learning.INC.,1991:156-160
[30] Doty P. Family Care of Elderly: The Role of Public Policy. Pine Forge Press, 1986:43-47
[31]王吴蓓,徐勤,城市社区长期照料体系的现状与问题[J],人口研究,2007,(?5)? :61- 70
[32]赵丽宏,完善社区养老服务——支持居家养老[J],黑龙江社会科学,2005,(3):112-115
[33]张晶华,我国养老地产现状分析[J],经营管理者,2010,(4):71
[34]刘菲,论完善社区养老服务[J],北方经济,2007,(8):13-14
[35]项丽萍,我国社区养老服务方式探析[J],青海社会科学,2007,(5):31-33
[36]王俊霞,人口老龄化与社区养老[J],求实,2003,(6):196-197
[37]谭樱芳,社区养老——城镇养老服务保障的新选择[J],青岛行政学院学报,2007,(1):47-50
[38]许爱花,中国城市社区老年人养老模式之反思[J],宁夏大学学报,2005,(3):108-111
[39]龚静怡,社区养老服务——符合中国国情的城镇养老模式[J],河海大学学报, 2004,(12):72-74
[40]陈军,社区居家养老——城市养老模式的选择[J],社会,2001,(9):22-24
[41]邵岗,城市养老模式刍议[J],理论界,2010,(7):199-200
[42]闫青春,养老机构发展中的主要矛盾及应对策略[J],社会福利,2000,(12):9-11
[43]全国老龄工作委员会,《2009年度中国老龄事业发展统计公报》,2010,07
[44]毛满长,李胜平,社区居家养老:中国城镇养老模式探索[J].西北农林科技大学学报(社会科学版).2010,01?
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |