边坡微型抗滑桩群空间分析理论研究
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摘要
微型桩具有结构轻型、施工快捷、安全灵活等诸多相对于传统抗滑桩的独特优点,已广泛运用于边坡或滑坡治理工程中,并取得了良好的工程效果。然而,就其目前的设计理论来说,均是从平面问题出发考虑结构的设计计算分析,而忽略了结构与滑体之间的桩土空间相互作用。为此,本文以工程中常见的“3×3型”型顶板连接式微型抗滑桩组合结构为研究对象,考虑其三维结构特征,建立计算分析方法。本文的主要研究工作如下：
1)考虑实际顶板连接式微型抗滑桩组合结构的三维特征,提出了一种新的力学分析计算模型,即在滑面以上的部分视为空间刚架结构,在滑面以下的部分视为弹性地基梁。
2)考虑结构的空间效应,将滑面以上空间刚架结构受力分解成平面外及平面内两步进行分析计算。通过理论分析,得出平面外推力的分配系数公式,并利用数值模拟方法验证了理论公式的合理性。讨论了平面外推力分配系数受各因素影响的规律,得出顺滑坡走向的中间桩体承担的荷载相对于边桩更大,中桩的分配系数随着组合结构内部平面外方向桩间距的增大而减小,且其变化区间为(1/3,1)。
3)通过数值模拟方法,分析了空间刚架结构受滑坡推力作用在平面内的二次分配,得出在矩形和三角形滑坡推力分布模式下,平面内各桩体受力分配系数拟合公式,并进行了各因素敏感性分析。
4)通过结构力学分析方法对滑面以上的结构进行分析,推导出了空间刚架结构中桩身任意截面的内力及变位计算公式。
5)分别运用容许应力及极限状态设计计算方法对组合结构进行分析,得出了桩身截面的内力极值所在位置的计算公式并反算出组合抗滑结构的极限抗滑承载力,结合工程实例,揭示了单元内部平面外间距α、桩径d、受荷段桩长L、土体弹性模量Es这四个主要影响因素对结构抗滑极限抗滑承载力的影响规律。
本文从实际顶板连接式微型抗滑桩组合结构的三维特征出发,建立了考虑滑坡推力在空间分配和传递的微型桩群组合抗滑结构的计算分析方法,可为微型抗滑桩组合结构的实际设计计算提供理论指导和参考。
Micropile has been widely used in landslide treatment because of a lot of merits such as its light structure, easy and quick construction as well as its safety and flexibility with comparison with the traditional stabilizing support structure, and some favorable results have been achieved in project practice. However, the present analysis theories are mostly based on the plane strain hypothesis to analyze the design and calculation of the structure, while they neglect the interaction of the pile-soil between the structure and the slide body. In light of this, based on the common3×3stabilizing micropiles with roof plate composite structure, the analytical calculation method is derived by considering the features of the three-dimensional structure. The main contents and research results are as follows:
1) On the basis of the three-dimensional features of stabilizing micropiles with roof plate composite structure, a new analytical calculation model is proposed, that is to say, the part above the slip surface is regarded as spatial frame and the part below the slip surface is elastic foundation beam.
2) With the consideration of the spatial effect of composite structure, mechanical analysis of spatial frame above the slip surface is divided into in-plane calculation and out-of-plane calculation. Calculation formula for distribution coefficients of out-of-plane landslide thrust is derived through the theoretical analysis and its rationality is validated by the numeric simulation method. Then, some influencing factors of the distribution coefficients of out-of-plane landslide thrust have been discussed. The results show that load bore by the middle column along the landslide trend is larger than that of the fringe column, and the distribution coefficients of the middle column, whose interval is from the1/3to1, decrease with the increase of the out-of-plane internal spacing of composite structure.
3) The in-plane distribution of the spatial frame affected by landslide thrust is researched by the numeric simulation method. Under the triangle and rectangle distribution modes of the slide thrust, the fitting formula of force distribution coefficients of the in-plane micropiles is given and sensitivity of every factor has been analyzed at the same time.
4) The calculation formula of internal force and deformation at any section of spatial frame has been deduced by analyzing the structure above the slide surface through the analytical method of structural mechanics.
5) The allowable stress method and limit state method are respectively used for the composite structure analysis. And the calculation formula of extreme point of internal force along the pile has been derived and the ultimate bearing capacity of the composite structure is back calculated. Taking the engineering practice as the example, this paper concludes a rule that four main factors:out-of-plane internal spacing a, micropile diameter d, soil modulus Es and pile length of loading segment L have influences on ultimate bearing capacity of the composite structure.
In brief, on the basis of the three-dimensional features of stabilizing micropiles with roof plate composite structure, this paper deduces the calculation analysis method of stabilizing micropile groups with the consideration of the landslide thrust spatial distribution and transmission. The research results are helpful for the actual design of stabilizing micropiles composite structure and can provide theoretical guidance and references for practical projects.
1)考虑实际顶板连接式微型抗滑桩组合结构的三维特征,提出了一种新的力学分析计算模型,即在滑面以上的部分视为空间刚架结构,在滑面以下的部分视为弹性地基梁。
2)考虑结构的空间效应,将滑面以上空间刚架结构受力分解成平面外及平面内两步进行分析计算。通过理论分析,得出平面外推力的分配系数公式,并利用数值模拟方法验证了理论公式的合理性。讨论了平面外推力分配系数受各因素影响的规律,得出顺滑坡走向的中间桩体承担的荷载相对于边桩更大,中桩的分配系数随着组合结构内部平面外方向桩间距的增大而减小,且其变化区间为(1/3,1)。
3)通过数值模拟方法,分析了空间刚架结构受滑坡推力作用在平面内的二次分配,得出在矩形和三角形滑坡推力分布模式下,平面内各桩体受力分配系数拟合公式,并进行了各因素敏感性分析。
4)通过结构力学分析方法对滑面以上的结构进行分析,推导出了空间刚架结构中桩身任意截面的内力及变位计算公式。
5)分别运用容许应力及极限状态设计计算方法对组合结构进行分析,得出了桩身截面的内力极值所在位置的计算公式并反算出组合抗滑结构的极限抗滑承载力,结合工程实例,揭示了单元内部平面外间距α、桩径d、受荷段桩长L、土体弹性模量Es这四个主要影响因素对结构抗滑极限抗滑承载力的影响规律。
本文从实际顶板连接式微型抗滑桩组合结构的三维特征出发,建立了考虑滑坡推力在空间分配和传递的微型桩群组合抗滑结构的计算分析方法,可为微型抗滑桩组合结构的实际设计计算提供理论指导和参考。
Micropile has been widely used in landslide treatment because of a lot of merits such as its light structure, easy and quick construction as well as its safety and flexibility with comparison with the traditional stabilizing support structure, and some favorable results have been achieved in project practice. However, the present analysis theories are mostly based on the plane strain hypothesis to analyze the design and calculation of the structure, while they neglect the interaction of the pile-soil between the structure and the slide body. In light of this, based on the common3×3stabilizing micropiles with roof plate composite structure, the analytical calculation method is derived by considering the features of the three-dimensional structure. The main contents and research results are as follows:
1) On the basis of the three-dimensional features of stabilizing micropiles with roof plate composite structure, a new analytical calculation model is proposed, that is to say, the part above the slip surface is regarded as spatial frame and the part below the slip surface is elastic foundation beam.
2) With the consideration of the spatial effect of composite structure, mechanical analysis of spatial frame above the slip surface is divided into in-plane calculation and out-of-plane calculation. Calculation formula for distribution coefficients of out-of-plane landslide thrust is derived through the theoretical analysis and its rationality is validated by the numeric simulation method. Then, some influencing factors of the distribution coefficients of out-of-plane landslide thrust have been discussed. The results show that load bore by the middle column along the landslide trend is larger than that of the fringe column, and the distribution coefficients of the middle column, whose interval is from the1/3to1, decrease with the increase of the out-of-plane internal spacing of composite structure.
3) The in-plane distribution of the spatial frame affected by landslide thrust is researched by the numeric simulation method. Under the triangle and rectangle distribution modes of the slide thrust, the fitting formula of force distribution coefficients of the in-plane micropiles is given and sensitivity of every factor has been analyzed at the same time.
4) The calculation formula of internal force and deformation at any section of spatial frame has been deduced by analyzing the structure above the slide surface through the analytical method of structural mechanics.
5) The allowable stress method and limit state method are respectively used for the composite structure analysis. And the calculation formula of extreme point of internal force along the pile has been derived and the ultimate bearing capacity of the composite structure is back calculated. Taking the engineering practice as the example, this paper concludes a rule that four main factors:out-of-plane internal spacing a, micropile diameter d, soil modulus Es and pile length of loading segment L have influences on ultimate bearing capacity of the composite structure.
In brief, on the basis of the three-dimensional features of stabilizing micropiles with roof plate composite structure, this paper deduces the calculation analysis method of stabilizing micropile groups with the consideration of the landslide thrust spatial distribution and transmission. The research results are helpful for the actual design of stabilizing micropiles composite structure and can provide theoretical guidance and references for practical projects.
引文
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