基于构件的水库调度系统研究与实现
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摘要
软件系统复杂性的不断增加和应用需求的不断扩大，使软件开发面
临着前所未有的挑战。软件构件技术作为一种新兴的软件复用技术，旨
在解决软件系统开发所面临的困境。然而，正如所有的新生技术一样，
构件技术的许多内容还没有达成一致的看法。本文在研究了国内外构件
技术方面的一些最新学术和应用成果的基础上，对构件的定义及构件的
基本性质进行了详细讨论。
目前，构件技术的研究工作大多强调技术的普遍性和通用性，使研
究的重点停留在了计算机实现领域内的复用问题上，而针对特定应用领
域的构件技术研究还很鲜见。本文选取水库调度系统（领域）作为特定
的研究领域，在分析和研究了该应用领域的特点之后，提出了三层客户
机/服务器体系结构的应用程序框架和RDS（Reservoir Dispatch System）构
件模型。RDS模型是一个基于（分布式）对象的构件模型。然后，本文
就水库调度系统开发中，从RDS模型到实际系统的实现所遇到的一些典
型问题和所运用的一些典型技术进行了讨论。
最后，本文在实际的水库调度应用中提出了一些实现框架，并给出
了一个水库调度系统的实例。
With the complexity and requirement of software systems increasing dramatically, the software developments meet great challenges. As a new technology for software reuse, component technology amis at these challenges. However, like any other new technologies, many concepts of component technology haven't been unanimous yet. Having studied some latest conclusions and cases in academia or industry, this paper discusses the definition and characteristics of the component in detail.
Nowadays, most researches on software component technology emphasized their universality, and stayed in implementation domains. There are a few works focus on application domains. This paper selects Reservoir Dispatch System (RDS) domain for studying, and elicits some important characteristics of it. With these characteristics, an 3-tie Client/Server Architecture Application Framework and a RDS component model are presented. RDS component model is a distribute object-orient component model. In the development of the Reservoir Dispatch System, some issues and techniques that appeared in the process from RDS-model to its realization are discussed.
Last, this paper presents implementation solution for application in reservoir dispatch system ,and gives an example of reservoir dispatch system.
临着前所未有的挑战。软件构件技术作为一种新兴的软件复用技术，旨
在解决软件系统开发所面临的困境。然而，正如所有的新生技术一样，
构件技术的许多内容还没有达成一致的看法。本文在研究了国内外构件
技术方面的一些最新学术和应用成果的基础上，对构件的定义及构件的
基本性质进行了详细讨论。
目前，构件技术的研究工作大多强调技术的普遍性和通用性，使研
究的重点停留在了计算机实现领域内的复用问题上，而针对特定应用领
域的构件技术研究还很鲜见。本文选取水库调度系统（领域）作为特定
的研究领域，在分析和研究了该应用领域的特点之后，提出了三层客户
机/服务器体系结构的应用程序框架和RDS（Reservoir Dispatch System）构
件模型。RDS模型是一个基于（分布式）对象的构件模型。然后，本文
就水库调度系统开发中，从RDS模型到实际系统的实现所遇到的一些典
型问题和所运用的一些典型技术进行了讨论。
最后，本文在实际的水库调度应用中提出了一些实现框架，并给出
了一个水库调度系统的实例。
With the complexity and requirement of software systems increasing dramatically, the software developments meet great challenges. As a new technology for software reuse, component technology amis at these challenges. However, like any other new technologies, many concepts of component technology haven't been unanimous yet. Having studied some latest conclusions and cases in academia or industry, this paper discusses the definition and characteristics of the component in detail.
Nowadays, most researches on software component technology emphasized their universality, and stayed in implementation domains. There are a few works focus on application domains. This paper selects Reservoir Dispatch System (RDS) domain for studying, and elicits some important characteristics of it. With these characteristics, an 3-tie Client/Server Architecture Application Framework and a RDS component model are presented. RDS component model is a distribute object-orient component model. In the development of the Reservoir Dispatch System, some issues and techniques that appeared in the process from RDS-model to its realization are discussed.
Last, this paper presents implementation solution for application in reservoir dispatch system ,and gives an example of reservoir dispatch system.
引文
[1] OMG, CORBA Specification 2.3, 1998
[2] 杨芙清，软件复用及其相关技术，计算机世界C版，1999．3．15
[3] 郭立峰、郭耀、常继传NATO软件复用标准导论计算机科学 1999
[4] 李克勤、陈兆良、梅宏、杨芙清，领域工程概述 计算机科学 1999
[5] 杨芙清、梅宏、李克勤，软件复用与软件构件技术电子学报 1999
[6] 常继传、郭立峰、马黎，可复用构件的表示和检索北京大学 1999 智能CORBA 电子工业出版社 1999
[7] CORBA教程 清华大学出版社 1999
[8] 徐家福、王志坚、翟成祥，对象式程序设计语言 南京大学出版社，1992
[9] UML With Rational Rose 从入门到精通电子工业出版社 2000
[10] 基于C++ CORBA高级教程 清华大学出版社 2000
[11] Mark Priestley, Practical Object-Oriented Design With UML
[12] Overview of the CORBA Component Model http://www. omg.org 1999
[13] Edward Cobb, The CORBA Component Model http://www. omg.org 2000
[14] The COM Core Technology Specification http://www. microsoft. com 1998
[15] COM/DCOM 编程指南 清华大学出版社 2000
[16] 徐新华 COM CORBA 和 Internet 编程技术 人民邮电出版社 1998
[17] VisiBroker for Java 机械工业出版社 2000
[18] Java 言语与面向对象程序设计 清华大学出版社 2000
[19] Alan W. Brown, Kurt C.Wallnau, The Current State of CBSE IEEE Software 1998
[20] The Common Object Request Broker: Architecture and Specification http://www/omg.org 1999
[21] 常继传、梅宏，STARS开放体系结构的可复用构件库框架 中国期刊网 1999
[22] Thomas J. Brando, Comparing DCE and CORBA http://siesta.cs.wustl.edu/～schmidt 1995
[23] Aamod Sane、Ian Maung and Desmond d'Souza, A Component-Based Development Model for MDC OIM Catalysis Modeling Group, 2000
[24] Distributed Object Computing in The Internet Age http://www. inprise.com 1997
[25] Java Remote Method Invocation-Distributed Computing for Java http://java. sun.com 1999
[26] 解建仓、天凤巍、索丽生、谈为雄，水资源调度管理决策支持系统的理论与实践 陕西科学技术出版社
[27] Arjan Burggraaf, Solving modelling problems of CORBA using composition-filters University of Twente, 1997
[28] Dan Port, Unification of Components and Objects Through Abstractions, USC Center for software Engineering
[29] 基于移动Agent的构件框架及其支撑系统COGENT技术报告，南京大学计算机软件新技术国家重点实验室 2000
[30] Stefan Tai, Connector Model for Object-Oriented Component Integration, http://cis.cs.tu-berlin.de/～stai/1998
[2] 杨芙清，软件复用及其相关技术，计算机世界C版，1999．3．15
[3] 郭立峰、郭耀、常继传NATO软件复用标准导论计算机科学 1999
[4] 李克勤、陈兆良、梅宏、杨芙清，领域工程概述 计算机科学 1999
[5] 杨芙清、梅宏、李克勤，软件复用与软件构件技术电子学报 1999
[6] 常继传、郭立峰、马黎，可复用构件的表示和检索北京大学 1999 智能CORBA 电子工业出版社 1999
[7] CORBA教程 清华大学出版社 1999
[8] 徐家福、王志坚、翟成祥，对象式程序设计语言 南京大学出版社，1992
[9] UML With Rational Rose 从入门到精通电子工业出版社 2000
[10] 基于C++ CORBA高级教程 清华大学出版社 2000
[11] Mark Priestley, Practical Object-Oriented Design With UML
[12] Overview of the CORBA Component Model http://www. omg.org 1999
[13] Edward Cobb, The CORBA Component Model http://www. omg.org 2000
[14] The COM Core Technology Specification http://www. microsoft. com 1998
[15] COM/DCOM 编程指南 清华大学出版社 2000
[16] 徐新华 COM CORBA 和 Internet 编程技术 人民邮电出版社 1998
[17] VisiBroker for Java 机械工业出版社 2000
[18] Java 言语与面向对象程序设计 清华大学出版社 2000
[19] Alan W. Brown, Kurt C.Wallnau, The Current State of CBSE IEEE Software 1998
[20] The Common Object Request Broker: Architecture and Specification http://www/omg.org 1999
[21] 常继传、梅宏，STARS开放体系结构的可复用构件库框架 中国期刊网 1999
[22] Thomas J. Brando, Comparing DCE and CORBA http://siesta.cs.wustl.edu/～schmidt 1995
[23] Aamod Sane、Ian Maung and Desmond d'Souza, A Component-Based Development Model for MDC OIM Catalysis Modeling Group, 2000
[24] Distributed Object Computing in The Internet Age http://www. inprise.com 1997
[25] Java Remote Method Invocation-Distributed Computing for Java http://java. sun.com 1999
[26] 解建仓、天凤巍、索丽生、谈为雄，水资源调度管理决策支持系统的理论与实践 陕西科学技术出版社
[27] Arjan Burggraaf, Solving modelling problems of CORBA using composition-filters University of Twente, 1997
[28] Dan Port, Unification of Components and Objects Through Abstractions, USC Center for software Engineering
[29] 基于移动Agent的构件框架及其支撑系统COGENT技术报告，南京大学计算机软件新技术国家重点实验室 2000
[30] Stefan Tai, Connector Model for Object-Oriented Component Integration, http://cis.cs.tu-berlin.de/～stai/1998