建筑景观照明中材质色光情感定量化研究
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摘要
建筑景观照明中对彩色光的应用和建筑材质的联系缺乏理论支持和科学定量的依据,具有很大的盲目性和随意性,而研究建筑材质色光唤起的情感偏好是解决上述问题的关键,这对提高人们对建筑景观照明的满意度和营造适宜的照明氛围有着重要意义。
本文在前期研究进展的基础上建立了建筑景观照明中材质色光情感定量化研究的框架。选取典型的建筑材质作为照明载体、选取了建筑景观照明中常用的照明方式、常用光源和灯具、投射角度,为其后的研究提供依据。
本课题在实验室条件下,以“计算机—等离子电视机”组成的输出设备为实验平台,采用现场测试、色度转换、回归分析的方法,建立了电视机输出的色刺激值R、G、B与计算机数字驱动值Ir、Ig、Ib之间的特性数学转换公式,完成了对色光输出装置的数字化标定,成功再现了红、蓝、紫彩色金卤灯、高压钠灯和前期研究未能再现的绿色金卤灯共5种真实光源,并对其进行了误差分析。
16种色光与4种常用建筑材质两两组合成64个样本,用输出装置再现输出模拟的实际建筑景观照明效果,并用26个情感尺度进行30人的主观评价实验。通过因子分析提取出活动性、评价性、适应性、本质性共4个公共情感因子;分析了不同色光对各材质的情感影响,给出了针对每种材质不同色光的正、负向主导情感对应的亮度参考值。在色光偏好研究中,用统计分析方法建立了基于4个公共情感因子的偏好预测数学模型。
对还原的5种真实光源与4种建筑材质组合成20个样本,用筛选后的21个情感尺度进行30人的主观评价实验。通过因子分析提取出活动性、评价性共2个公共情感因子。针对5种光源下不同材质的情感因子进行分析,给出了不同光源对应的正、负向主导情感。建立了基于2个公共情感因子的真实光源偏好预测数学模型。本研究在实验目的、实验方法、实验结果分析上形成了完整的研究体系,获得了有价值的研究结论,可用于指导课题组下一步的研究。
In the architectural landscape lighting, the knowledge on the relation between the application of chromatic light and building texture lacks theoretical foundation and scientific and quantitative basis, which led to great blindness and randomness in the application. The research on how the combination of building texture and lighting influence the people's feelings is the key to resolve the above-mentioned issue. This significant research will improve people's satisfaction of the architectural landscape lighting and create a suitable lighting atmosphere.
In this paper, on the foundation of previous research progress, the author established a framework for quantitative and in-depth study on the relation between the application of chromatic light and building texture in the architectural landscape lighting. The author selected some typical building textures as the lighting carrier; made use of commonly used lighting solutions, light sources and lamps, and projection angles in architectural landscape lighting, and by which provided basis for later research on the same subject.
Under laboratory conditions, the author set up a experimental platform consisting of "Computer - Plasma TV" output device, adopted methods such as on-site testing, color conversion, and statistical analysis; established a special mathematical conversion model formula between the color stimulus R, G, and B of TV output and computer digital triggering values Ir, Ig, and Ib; and thus completed the calibrated digital device of "Computer - TV" lighting output; successfully reproduced 5 real lighting sources, namely the metal halide of red, blue, and purple, high pressure sodium light, and the green metal halide light, which prior studies failed to reproduce. 16 different kinds of lighting and 4 different kinds of commonly used wall textures form 64 different sample pairs. The "Renderer - Computers - TV" output device simulates and reproduces the actual architectural landscape lighting effects, and the author has used 26 emotional descriptions on a group of 30 people to do subjective evaluation experiment. Through factor analysis, the author has extracted four essential factors of public sentiment for the lighting, namely activity, evaluation, adaptability, and characteristic, to provide a basis for analys is of the relationship between lighting and emotional effects. Detailed analysis was done on the relativity and impact between the lighting reflected by different materials and its emotional impact, at the same time, providing a benchmark of brightness of combinations of lighting and wall material which cause respectively positive and negative dominant effect on people. In the research, the author established a scientific model for prediction on the emotional effects of lighting by using statistical analysis method.
5 different kinds of simulated real lightings and 4 different kinds of wall textures form 20 different sample pairs. The author used 21 emotional descriptions on a group of 30 people to do subjective evaluation experiment and extracted 2 common emotional factors by factor analysis on activity and evaluation. The analysis of the emotional effect of 5 different lightings on 4 different wall materials was done, which shade light on the positive or negative emotional effect of each pair. In the research on preference on real lighting source, the author established a scientific model for prediction on the common positive or negative emotional effects of lighting by using statistical analysis method. The purpose of experiment, methodology, and result ana lysis of the research form a relatively complete system for research. The research has also obtained a valuable conclusion, which might guide the future studies in the same area.
本文在前期研究进展的基础上建立了建筑景观照明中材质色光情感定量化研究的框架。选取典型的建筑材质作为照明载体、选取了建筑景观照明中常用的照明方式、常用光源和灯具、投射角度,为其后的研究提供依据。
本课题在实验室条件下,以“计算机—等离子电视机”组成的输出设备为实验平台,采用现场测试、色度转换、回归分析的方法,建立了电视机输出的色刺激值R、G、B与计算机数字驱动值Ir、Ig、Ib之间的特性数学转换公式,完成了对色光输出装置的数字化标定,成功再现了红、蓝、紫彩色金卤灯、高压钠灯和前期研究未能再现的绿色金卤灯共5种真实光源,并对其进行了误差分析。
16种色光与4种常用建筑材质两两组合成64个样本,用输出装置再现输出模拟的实际建筑景观照明效果,并用26个情感尺度进行30人的主观评价实验。通过因子分析提取出活动性、评价性、适应性、本质性共4个公共情感因子;分析了不同色光对各材质的情感影响,给出了针对每种材质不同色光的正、负向主导情感对应的亮度参考值。在色光偏好研究中,用统计分析方法建立了基于4个公共情感因子的偏好预测数学模型。
对还原的5种真实光源与4种建筑材质组合成20个样本,用筛选后的21个情感尺度进行30人的主观评价实验。通过因子分析提取出活动性、评价性共2个公共情感因子。针对5种光源下不同材质的情感因子进行分析,给出了不同光源对应的正、负向主导情感。建立了基于2个公共情感因子的真实光源偏好预测数学模型。本研究在实验目的、实验方法、实验结果分析上形成了完整的研究体系,获得了有价值的研究结论,可用于指导课题组下一步的研究。
In the architectural landscape lighting, the knowledge on the relation between the application of chromatic light and building texture lacks theoretical foundation and scientific and quantitative basis, which led to great blindness and randomness in the application. The research on how the combination of building texture and lighting influence the people's feelings is the key to resolve the above-mentioned issue. This significant research will improve people's satisfaction of the architectural landscape lighting and create a suitable lighting atmosphere.
In this paper, on the foundation of previous research progress, the author established a framework for quantitative and in-depth study on the relation between the application of chromatic light and building texture in the architectural landscape lighting. The author selected some typical building textures as the lighting carrier; made use of commonly used lighting solutions, light sources and lamps, and projection angles in architectural landscape lighting, and by which provided basis for later research on the same subject.
Under laboratory conditions, the author set up a experimental platform consisting of "Computer - Plasma TV" output device, adopted methods such as on-site testing, color conversion, and statistical analysis; established a special mathematical conversion model formula between the color stimulus R, G, and B of TV output and computer digital triggering values Ir, Ig, and Ib; and thus completed the calibrated digital device of "Computer - TV" lighting output; successfully reproduced 5 real lighting sources, namely the metal halide of red, blue, and purple, high pressure sodium light, and the green metal halide light, which prior studies failed to reproduce. 16 different kinds of lighting and 4 different kinds of commonly used wall textures form 64 different sample pairs. The "Renderer - Computers - TV" output device simulates and reproduces the actual architectural landscape lighting effects, and the author has used 26 emotional descriptions on a group of 30 people to do subjective evaluation experiment. Through factor analysis, the author has extracted four essential factors of public sentiment for the lighting, namely activity, evaluation, adaptability, and characteristic, to provide a basis for analys is of the relationship between lighting and emotional effects. Detailed analysis was done on the relativity and impact between the lighting reflected by different materials and its emotional impact, at the same time, providing a benchmark of brightness of combinations of lighting and wall material which cause respectively positive and negative dominant effect on people. In the research, the author established a scientific model for prediction on the emotional effects of lighting by using statistical analysis method.
5 different kinds of simulated real lightings and 4 different kinds of wall textures form 20 different sample pairs. The author used 21 emotional descriptions on a group of 30 people to do subjective evaluation experiment and extracted 2 common emotional factors by factor analysis on activity and evaluation. The analysis of the emotional effect of 5 different lightings on 4 different wall materials was done, which shade light on the positive or negative emotional effect of each pair. In the research on preference on real lighting source, the author established a scientific model for prediction on the common positive or negative emotional effects of lighting by using statistical analysis method. The purpose of experiment, methodology, and result ana lysis of the research form a relatively complete system for research. The research has also obtained a valuable conclusion, which might guide the future studies in the same area.
引文
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