毫米波导引头智能化信息处理技术研究
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摘要
论文紧密结合“毫米波主动寻的制导自动目标识别系统”研究项目，以Chirp脉冲毫米波体制雷达导引头为应用背景，针对雷达目标合成宽带成像、扩展目标检测和多目标分辨等制导信息处理技术进行了深入的理论研究和算法仿真，并以毫米波导引头信息处理机的研制为背景，对相关的智能信息处理方法及其具体实现技术进行了较深入的研究。
论文的绪论部分首先详细阐述了雷达智能信息处理及目标识别技术的研究现状及发展趋势，然后以某导引头信息处理机为实例介绍了雷达导引头的信息处理流程。
论文的第二章首先分析了利用chirp子脉冲合成宽带一维距离成像的原理及其在实用化过程中遇到的关键技术难点，结合雷达与目标之间具有相对运动时合成一维距离像的特点，提出了基于循环平稳和利用两步法进行运动补偿的新方法；其次，从参数估计的角度重新分析了频率步进雷达一维距离像成像原理，讨论了利用离散逆傅立叶变换方法进行距离像合成时存在的循环移位和线性调制现象，并分析了由此带来的距离像模糊问题；最后，提出了加权平均距离像拼接算法、为调频步进雷达宽带一维成像技术的工程化实现奠定了基础。
论文的第三章在对chirp脉冲雷达和调频步进雷达的信号处理过程进行了仿真和分析的基础上，提出了通过对回波采样数据进行插值和移位处理来补偿包络走动然后进行中分辨信号积累检测的算法；其次，在研究了基于高分辨一维距离像的扩展目标检测的基础上，给出了理想条件下的检测器形式及其检测性能曲线：最后，结合防空导弹末制导雷达在实战中面临的复杂的多目标环境，提出了基于Clean超分辨理论的多目标提取与分辨算法，为解决多目标分辨的难题提供了一条有效途径。
第四章以宽带主动导引头ATR信息处理机系统研制为背景，研究了毫米波主动寻的制导ATR系统总体设计中的难点问题及主要技术实现途径，设计了一套实用的ATR信息处理机系统，并在其上实现了基于时延神经网络的目标识别算法，验证了系统的性能。
论文的最后一章对全文的研究内容进行了总结，给出了有关结论，分析了
国防科学技术大学研究生院学位论文
研究工作中的不足之处，并提出了需进一步深入研究的一些相关技术问题。
关键词:毫米波制导，自动目标识别，导引头，信息处理机，调频步进，一维
距离像，多普勒谱
镇11而
This thesis is combined with the project of "ATR system of MMW initiative homing guidance", with the background of the MMW radar guidance , a systematic study on the method of synthesis wideband range profile, detection and distinguishing multiple targets in chirp radar is performed and the arithmetic simulation is presented. Then ,it discusses the realization of the information processor based on the research of information processor in MMW radar guidance.In the introduction, the status and trendance of radar precision homing intelligentized signal processing method and target recognition technology in guidence application is introduced first, then, the signal processing flow of the intelligentized signal processor is discussed.In the second chapter, combined with the characteristic of synthetic wideband range profile when targets have relative movement, the new method of motion compensation based on cyclo-stationary and the "two-step" motion compensation is presented.With the view of parameter estimation, the principle of imaging in the stepped frequency radar is analyzed, and the phenomena of cycle shift and linear modulation which exists in synthetic wideband range profile by using IDFT is discussed. After analyzing the ambiguity in range profile, a new algorithm is proposed to resolve the ambiguity. In the end, a new method based on the average weighted parameter for synthetic wideband range profile is presented.In charpter 3,based on analyzing and simulating the signal processing in chirp radar and the stepped frequency radar, the method of compensating envelope migration by inserting and shifting echo hits datas and the method of accumulation and detection is presented,and in ideal condition the detecting implement and the curve of detection capability is given. Finally, aimming at complicated scenario of multiple targets in actual combat, a method based on CLEAN method using doppler spectrum to estimate the number of targets and to extract velocity of targets is proposed.In chapter 4, based on the researching of an information processor in wide band MMW radar guidance, the essentiality and key technology approach in information processor researching is analyzed first. Then, an actual ATR hardware system based on TMS320C80 DSP is designed and a ATR algorithm based on time-delay neural
network is tested on the hardware platform.In chapter 5, the summary of all the works in the paper and relative conlusions are presented, and the defects are analized. In the end, this paper demonstrates the direction for the more research.
论文的绪论部分首先详细阐述了雷达智能信息处理及目标识别技术的研究现状及发展趋势，然后以某导引头信息处理机为实例介绍了雷达导引头的信息处理流程。
论文的第二章首先分析了利用chirp子脉冲合成宽带一维距离成像的原理及其在实用化过程中遇到的关键技术难点，结合雷达与目标之间具有相对运动时合成一维距离像的特点，提出了基于循环平稳和利用两步法进行运动补偿的新方法；其次，从参数估计的角度重新分析了频率步进雷达一维距离像成像原理，讨论了利用离散逆傅立叶变换方法进行距离像合成时存在的循环移位和线性调制现象，并分析了由此带来的距离像模糊问题；最后，提出了加权平均距离像拼接算法、为调频步进雷达宽带一维成像技术的工程化实现奠定了基础。
论文的第三章在对chirp脉冲雷达和调频步进雷达的信号处理过程进行了仿真和分析的基础上，提出了通过对回波采样数据进行插值和移位处理来补偿包络走动然后进行中分辨信号积累检测的算法；其次，在研究了基于高分辨一维距离像的扩展目标检测的基础上，给出了理想条件下的检测器形式及其检测性能曲线：最后，结合防空导弹末制导雷达在实战中面临的复杂的多目标环境，提出了基于Clean超分辨理论的多目标提取与分辨算法，为解决多目标分辨的难题提供了一条有效途径。
第四章以宽带主动导引头ATR信息处理机系统研制为背景，研究了毫米波主动寻的制导ATR系统总体设计中的难点问题及主要技术实现途径，设计了一套实用的ATR信息处理机系统，并在其上实现了基于时延神经网络的目标识别算法，验证了系统的性能。
论文的最后一章对全文的研究内容进行了总结，给出了有关结论，分析了
国防科学技术大学研究生院学位论文
研究工作中的不足之处，并提出了需进一步深入研究的一些相关技术问题。
关键词:毫米波制导，自动目标识别，导引头，信息处理机，调频步进，一维
距离像，多普勒谱
镇11而
This thesis is combined with the project of "ATR system of MMW initiative homing guidance", with the background of the MMW radar guidance , a systematic study on the method of synthesis wideband range profile, detection and distinguishing multiple targets in chirp radar is performed and the arithmetic simulation is presented. Then ,it discusses the realization of the information processor based on the research of information processor in MMW radar guidance.In the introduction, the status and trendance of radar precision homing intelligentized signal processing method and target recognition technology in guidence application is introduced first, then, the signal processing flow of the intelligentized signal processor is discussed.In the second chapter, combined with the characteristic of synthetic wideband range profile when targets have relative movement, the new method of motion compensation based on cyclo-stationary and the "two-step" motion compensation is presented.With the view of parameter estimation, the principle of imaging in the stepped frequency radar is analyzed, and the phenomena of cycle shift and linear modulation which exists in synthetic wideband range profile by using IDFT is discussed. After analyzing the ambiguity in range profile, a new algorithm is proposed to resolve the ambiguity. In the end, a new method based on the average weighted parameter for synthetic wideband range profile is presented.In charpter 3,based on analyzing and simulating the signal processing in chirp radar and the stepped frequency radar, the method of compensating envelope migration by inserting and shifting echo hits datas and the method of accumulation and detection is presented,and in ideal condition the detecting implement and the curve of detection capability is given. Finally, aimming at complicated scenario of multiple targets in actual combat, a method based on CLEAN method using doppler spectrum to estimate the number of targets and to extract velocity of targets is proposed.In chapter 4, based on the researching of an information processor in wide band MMW radar guidance, the essentiality and key technology approach in information processor researching is analyzed first. Then, an actual ATR hardware system based on TMS320C80 DSP is designed and a ATR algorithm based on time-delay neural
network is tested on the hardware platform.In chapter 5, the summary of all the works in the paper and relative conlusions are presented, and the defects are analized. In the end, this paper demonstrates the direction for the more research.
引文
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