锈蚀钢筋混凝土柱抗震加固研究
摘要
处于海洋环境中的钢筋混凝土结构或撒化冰盐的结构,由于氯离子侵蚀,混凝土内钢筋锈蚀,不仅减小了钢筋截面面积,也破坏了钢筋与混凝土之间的粘结,严重降低了结构的性能。如果处于这种环境中的结构遭遇地震,即使设计时满足抗震设防要求,也可能会发生严重破坏甚至倒塌。因此,研究锈蚀结构的抗震加固技术,提高结构的抗震性能极为重要。基于此,本文进行了以下研究:
(1)通过低周反复加载试验对锈蚀钢筋混凝土圆柱的抗震性能进行研究,探讨了钢筋锈蚀率和轴压比对其抗震性能的影响。试验结果表明,随钢筋锈蚀率和轴压比的增大,试件的延性和耗能能力逐渐降低,当遭受严重锈蚀时,试件可能由塑性破坏转变为脆性破坏。
(2)通过低周反复试验,对碳纤维布加固、加大截面加固、碳纤维布与加大截面复合加固、角钢加固以及碳纤维布与角钢复合加固五种加固方法加固的锈蚀钢筋混凝土柱的抗震性能进行了研究。研究参量包括钢筋锈蚀程度、轴压比和加固材料的影响。研究结果表明,这五种加固法都非常有效。碳纤维布加固可以有效的改善构件的延性和耗能能力,其余四种加固法除了可以改善构件延性和耗能能力外,还显著提高了构件的承载力;复合抗震加固锈蚀构件的承载力和延性改善优于使用单一材料加固的构件。
(3)根据加固锈蚀柱的低周反复试验结果,考虑锈蚀钢筋和加固材料的有效作用,提出了加固锈蚀柱骨架曲线的计算方法,计算与实验结果符合良好。计算表明,根据加固锈蚀柱的骨架曲线,可使用已有得恢复力模型描述加固锈蚀柱的滞回性能。
(4)根据加固锈蚀柱的试验结果,确定了锈蚀钢筋和加固材料的有效作用系数,通过对规范公式进行修正,提出了计算加固锈蚀柱承载力的建议公式。
(5)根据加固锈蚀柱的试验结果,考虑锈蚀箍筋和加固材料的作用,对Priestley的约束混凝土极限应变的计算方法进行修正,提出了加固锈蚀柱构件混凝土极限应变的确定方法及加固锈蚀柱延性系数的计算方法。
(6)采用加固锈蚀构件的骨架曲线和恢复力模型,对加固锈蚀钢筋混凝土柱的动力响应进行了分析。分析表明,构件锈蚀后抗震性能降低,进行加固后,抗震性能恢复或超过原来的抗震性能。分析同时也表明,单用地面运动最大加速度或单个地震波分析结构的弹塑性响应难以评估加固方法对结构抗震性能的改善,加固方法对锈蚀结构抗震性能的改善不仅与加固材料的用量有关,还与地面运动的频谱特性有关。
It has been confirmed by many investigations about rebar corrosions that chloride-induced corrosion of steel bars in reinforced concrete exposed to marine environments and de-icing salts has become one of the major causes of deterioration in many existing reinforced concrete (RC) structures. It can lead to further structural distress due to the loss of the reinforcing steel cross-sectional area as well as loss of bond along the steel-concrete interface. As a result, the RC structure damaged by rebars corrosion suffered extensive structural damage and even collapse when subjected to a strong ground motion. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the technique to strengthen the corroded column in order to upgrade the seismic performance. Based on that, the following aspects are carried out in this thesis:
(1) The seismic behavior of circular RC columns damaged by rebar corrosion was studied by a cyclic horizontal loading test. The variables studied in this program included effects of corrosion degree of the rebars and level of axial load. Experimental results showed that the ductility and energy dissipation capacity, as well as areas of hysteresis loops of circle corroded RC columns can be significantly reduced along with the increase of rebar corrosion extent and axial load. If the circular RC columns contained extremely corroded rebars, the column would be prone to brittle shear failure under seismic loads.
(2) An experimental study was conducted on corroded reinforced concrete columns confined with five different strengthened techniques, including CFRP, syeel jacket, combined CFRP and steel jacket, concrete jacket and combined CFRP and concrete jacket, to evaluate their seismic resistance behavior. The variables studied in this program included effects of corrosion degree of the rebars, level of axial load and the amount of retrofitted materials. The effectivities of the five retrofit techniques have been proved. The retrofit technique using CFRP can improve the ductility and dissipated energy capacity of RC columns with corroded rebars, and the other four retrofit techniques not only improve the ductility and dissipated energy capacity, but also enhance the load-carrying capacity considerably. Besides, the combined CFRP and concrete jacket or steel jacket retrofitting technique was found to be effective in enhancing the seismic resistance of the columns and resulted in more stable hysteresis curves with lower stiffness and strength degradations as compared with the corroded columns strengthened only with single material.
(3) Based on the experimental results above, considering the bond slip between corroded rebars and concrete and between retrofitted materials and concrete by multiplying factor, the calculation formula of skeleton envelope is suggested, and the model of restoring force was made.
(4) Based on the experimental results aout strengthened corroded columns, considering coefficient of effective actions of the corroded rebars retrofitted materials, the simplified equations of calculating loading capacity was provided by amending the specification formula.
(5) According to the experimental results aout strengthened corroded columns, considering coefficient of effective actions of the corroded stirrups and retrofitted materials, the extreme strain of the confined concrete was calculated by amending the formula provided by Priestley, and the simplified equations of calculating ductility factor was provided.
(6) Based on the model of restoring force obtained above, the elastic-plasticity response was analysed to evaluate the effectiveness of the retrofitted thecniques. The research proved that the assessment of the effectiveness of the retrofitted thecniques was inaccurate only using acceleration ground motion or single seismic wave. The effectiveness of the retrofitted thecniques relying on the the amount of retrofitted materials and the frequency spectrum features ground motion.
(1)通过低周反复加载试验对锈蚀钢筋混凝土圆柱的抗震性能进行研究,探讨了钢筋锈蚀率和轴压比对其抗震性能的影响。试验结果表明,随钢筋锈蚀率和轴压比的增大,试件的延性和耗能能力逐渐降低,当遭受严重锈蚀时,试件可能由塑性破坏转变为脆性破坏。
(2)通过低周反复试验,对碳纤维布加固、加大截面加固、碳纤维布与加大截面复合加固、角钢加固以及碳纤维布与角钢复合加固五种加固方法加固的锈蚀钢筋混凝土柱的抗震性能进行了研究。研究参量包括钢筋锈蚀程度、轴压比和加固材料的影响。研究结果表明,这五种加固法都非常有效。碳纤维布加固可以有效的改善构件的延性和耗能能力,其余四种加固法除了可以改善构件延性和耗能能力外,还显著提高了构件的承载力;复合抗震加固锈蚀构件的承载力和延性改善优于使用单一材料加固的构件。
(3)根据加固锈蚀柱的低周反复试验结果,考虑锈蚀钢筋和加固材料的有效作用,提出了加固锈蚀柱骨架曲线的计算方法,计算与实验结果符合良好。计算表明,根据加固锈蚀柱的骨架曲线,可使用已有得恢复力模型描述加固锈蚀柱的滞回性能。
(4)根据加固锈蚀柱的试验结果,确定了锈蚀钢筋和加固材料的有效作用系数,通过对规范公式进行修正,提出了计算加固锈蚀柱承载力的建议公式。
(5)根据加固锈蚀柱的试验结果,考虑锈蚀箍筋和加固材料的作用,对Priestley的约束混凝土极限应变的计算方法进行修正,提出了加固锈蚀柱构件混凝土极限应变的确定方法及加固锈蚀柱延性系数的计算方法。
(6)采用加固锈蚀构件的骨架曲线和恢复力模型,对加固锈蚀钢筋混凝土柱的动力响应进行了分析。分析表明,构件锈蚀后抗震性能降低,进行加固后,抗震性能恢复或超过原来的抗震性能。分析同时也表明,单用地面运动最大加速度或单个地震波分析结构的弹塑性响应难以评估加固方法对结构抗震性能的改善,加固方法对锈蚀结构抗震性能的改善不仅与加固材料的用量有关,还与地面运动的频谱特性有关。
It has been confirmed by many investigations about rebar corrosions that chloride-induced corrosion of steel bars in reinforced concrete exposed to marine environments and de-icing salts has become one of the major causes of deterioration in many existing reinforced concrete (RC) structures. It can lead to further structural distress due to the loss of the reinforcing steel cross-sectional area as well as loss of bond along the steel-concrete interface. As a result, the RC structure damaged by rebars corrosion suffered extensive structural damage and even collapse when subjected to a strong ground motion. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the technique to strengthen the corroded column in order to upgrade the seismic performance. Based on that, the following aspects are carried out in this thesis:
(1) The seismic behavior of circular RC columns damaged by rebar corrosion was studied by a cyclic horizontal loading test. The variables studied in this program included effects of corrosion degree of the rebars and level of axial load. Experimental results showed that the ductility and energy dissipation capacity, as well as areas of hysteresis loops of circle corroded RC columns can be significantly reduced along with the increase of rebar corrosion extent and axial load. If the circular RC columns contained extremely corroded rebars, the column would be prone to brittle shear failure under seismic loads.
(2) An experimental study was conducted on corroded reinforced concrete columns confined with five different strengthened techniques, including CFRP, syeel jacket, combined CFRP and steel jacket, concrete jacket and combined CFRP and concrete jacket, to evaluate their seismic resistance behavior. The variables studied in this program included effects of corrosion degree of the rebars, level of axial load and the amount of retrofitted materials. The effectivities of the five retrofit techniques have been proved. The retrofit technique using CFRP can improve the ductility and dissipated energy capacity of RC columns with corroded rebars, and the other four retrofit techniques not only improve the ductility and dissipated energy capacity, but also enhance the load-carrying capacity considerably. Besides, the combined CFRP and concrete jacket or steel jacket retrofitting technique was found to be effective in enhancing the seismic resistance of the columns and resulted in more stable hysteresis curves with lower stiffness and strength degradations as compared with the corroded columns strengthened only with single material.
(3) Based on the experimental results above, considering the bond slip between corroded rebars and concrete and between retrofitted materials and concrete by multiplying factor, the calculation formula of skeleton envelope is suggested, and the model of restoring force was made.
(4) Based on the experimental results aout strengthened corroded columns, considering coefficient of effective actions of the corroded rebars retrofitted materials, the simplified equations of calculating loading capacity was provided by amending the specification formula.
(5) According to the experimental results aout strengthened corroded columns, considering coefficient of effective actions of the corroded stirrups and retrofitted materials, the extreme strain of the confined concrete was calculated by amending the formula provided by Priestley, and the simplified equations of calculating ductility factor was provided.
(6) Based on the model of restoring force obtained above, the elastic-plasticity response was analysed to evaluate the effectiveness of the retrofitted thecniques. The research proved that the assessment of the effectiveness of the retrofitted thecniques was inaccurate only using acceleration ground motion or single seismic wave. The effectiveness of the retrofitted thecniques relying on the the amount of retrofitted materials and the frequency spectrum features ground motion.
引文
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