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超短半径水平井柔性钻具关键部件结构设计及力学分析
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摘要
随着我国的老油田已进入开发的中后期,油井产能严重下滑,如何挖潜剩余油藏,提高油井产量,已经成为各油田迫切需要解决的任务。超短半径水平井柔性钻具挖潜剩余油技术凭借诸多优势在油田的应用极具潜力。而柔性钻杆和钻具上三连接是柔性钻具的关键部件,故对柔性钻杆和钻具上三连接进行合理的结构设计及力学分析具有重大的工程指导意义。为此,本文根据超短半径水平井技术特点,采用理论计算方法得出柔性钻具的极限载荷,并针对超短半径水平井柔性钻具关键部件设计要求,对柔性钻杆和钻具上三连接进行了结构设计。其中,柔性钻杆采用了限位式球铰结构,既满足了柔性钻杆弯曲度的要求,又实现了扭矩和钻压的传递;钻具上三连接采用了内外嵌套式结构,满足了柔性钻具和钻杆的快速匹配,实现了三轴不同载荷的分类传递,且在调节帽的作用下实现了不同钻井状态下功能的转换。然后,考虑柔性钻杆和钻具上三连接结构特点和受力状态,分别建立了柔性钻杆和钻具上三连接的三维有限元模型。在有限元模型建立过程中,充分考虑柔性钻杆和钻具上三连接的各部件之间的接触情况,采用有限元分析方法,计算和分析了柔性钻杆和钻具上三连接在不同工况下的应力分布情况,并根据应力计算结果完成了柔性钻杆和钻具上三连接的强度评价。在钻具上三连接各部件都满足强度的要求下,根据各部件的应力计算结果,对个别部件材料进行了优化。通过对柔性钻杆和钻具上三连接的力学分析和材料优化,为其结构的合理设计提供了技术依据。
Along with old oilfield of our country has entered into the middle and latterdevelopment. There is a serious decline in oil production. The urgent task is how totap the potential of residual oil and improve oil well production. Super-short radiushorizontal wells flexible drillpipe is widely used in oil field with the technology oftapping the potential of residual oil. It is important to have reasonable structuraldesign and mechanical analysis of the three link of the flexible drill pipe and thedrilling tool, because the three link is the key compent of them. Therefore, accordingto the technical characteristics of super-short radius horizontal wells, we obtain thelimit load by theoretical calculation method and have structural design of the threelink of the flexible drill pipe and the drilling tool by the design requirements of thekey compent of super-short radius horizontal wells flexible drillpipe. Wherein, theflexible drill pipe adopts a limit type of spherical hinge structure to satisfy its crookeddegree, and realizes the transfer of the torque and drilling pressure; The drilling tooluses internal and external nested structure to satisfy fast matching of the flexible drillstring and drill pipe, to achieve three different load classification transmission shaft,and to change the condition of drilling by the help of adjustment cap. Then, inconsidering that the structure and stress state of the three link of the flexible drillpipe and the drilling tool, we respectively established its three-dimensional finiteelement model. In the finite element modeling process, fully considering its contactconditions that we calculated its stress distribution under different working conditions,and completed its strength evaluation. According to various components of the stresscalculation results, the individual components were optimized. We provided thetheoretical basis of the reasonable structural design of the three link of the flexibledrill pipe and the drilling tool by the mechanical analysis and optimization of thematerials of the key components.
引文
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