基于SAP R/3的员工自助系统的设计与实现
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摘要
本文在研究了SAP R/3系统架构和HR(Human Resource)模块的基础上,从人力资源信息化发展趋势入手,介绍了SAP R/3 HR模块的优越性,并根据目前企业的需要,着重分析了SAP R/3系统以Client/Server为主的体系架构的局限性,并提出将系统的应用扩展到Browser/Server结构。本文详细阐述了员工自助系统的主要业务功能,确定系统的设计思想,运用当前成熟的Web开发设计模式和R/3开发技术,设计和实现了基于SAPR/3的员工自助系统。
1)提出了运用JCo(Java Connector)连接与BAPI(Business Application ProgrammingInterface)技术的结合封装数据模型,并自行构造了一种新型的Web开发应用框架JBF(JCo-BAPI Framework)应用于经理自助模块。通过BAPI实时地从SAPR/3中获取数据,并经过JCo连接与外部程序接口进行数据交换,实现了R/3与外部环境的无缝实时通信。
2)深入分析了SAP标准的Web Dynpro框架技术,并在国内将它第一次应用于SAP外部环境的Web应用开发,从而实现直接从外部的Web浏览器访问R/3中Web应用程序。
3)针对JCo连接提出了两种连接方式,其中创造性地引入了用户映射机制并结合连接池技术,在不增加SAP License的基础上,扩大系统的使用人群,降低运维成本。
员工自助系统的设计和实现为SAP R/3 HR模块应用山C/S架构向B/S架构扩展提供了指导作用,填补了国内空白。
This paper has introduced the superiority of SAP R/3 HR module base on the architecture of SAP R/3 system and the trend of human resource development. The paper focuses on the limitation of Client/Server structure according to the needs of enterprises, and proposes the idea which extends the application of the R/3 to Browser/Server architecture. The paper describes the main business function of Employee Self Service System, and designs with the mature Web development and SAP R/3 technology.
1. Propose JBF—a new type of framework, in which the data model is constructed with JCo Connection integrating with BAPI in Manager Self Service Module. BAPI could access data real-time from R/3, and the data will connect with external environment with JCo interface.
2. Apply Web Dynpro which is a standard web framework to the Web application in SAP. It will be directly called from external browser without any more developing.
3. There are two options of JCo connection, which import the mechanism of users-mapping with connection pool technology. The mechanism could widen the range of users without increasing the number of SAP License.
The design and implement of Employee Self Service System base on SAP R/3 fills the gap in domestic, and provides guidance for architecture extension of SAP R/3 HR.
1)提出了运用JCo(Java Connector)连接与BAPI(Business Application ProgrammingInterface)技术的结合封装数据模型,并自行构造了一种新型的Web开发应用框架JBF(JCo-BAPI Framework)应用于经理自助模块。通过BAPI实时地从SAPR/3中获取数据,并经过JCo连接与外部程序接口进行数据交换,实现了R/3与外部环境的无缝实时通信。
2)深入分析了SAP标准的Web Dynpro框架技术,并在国内将它第一次应用于SAP外部环境的Web应用开发,从而实现直接从外部的Web浏览器访问R/3中Web应用程序。
3)针对JCo连接提出了两种连接方式,其中创造性地引入了用户映射机制并结合连接池技术,在不增加SAP License的基础上,扩大系统的使用人群,降低运维成本。
员工自助系统的设计和实现为SAP R/3 HR模块应用山C/S架构向B/S架构扩展提供了指导作用,填补了国内空白。
This paper has introduced the superiority of SAP R/3 HR module base on the architecture of SAP R/3 system and the trend of human resource development. The paper focuses on the limitation of Client/Server structure according to the needs of enterprises, and proposes the idea which extends the application of the R/3 to Browser/Server architecture. The paper describes the main business function of Employee Self Service System, and designs with the mature Web development and SAP R/3 technology.
1. Propose JBF—a new type of framework, in which the data model is constructed with JCo Connection integrating with BAPI in Manager Self Service Module. BAPI could access data real-time from R/3, and the data will connect with external environment with JCo interface.
2. Apply Web Dynpro which is a standard web framework to the Web application in SAP. It will be directly called from external browser without any more developing.
3. There are two options of JCo connection, which import the mechanism of users-mapping with connection pool technology. The mechanism could widen the range of users without increasing the number of SAP License.
The design and implement of Employee Self Service System base on SAP R/3 fills the gap in domestic, and provides guidance for architecture extension of SAP R/3 HR.
引文
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[18]Programming in HR,SAPAG.2001.27-219
[19]Technical Topics in Human Resource.SAP AG.2001.143-171
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[24]刘仲.WEB系统开发技术.长沙.国防科技大学出版社.2001.04.19-39
[25]龚永生.当前流行的J2EE Web应用框架分析.IBM Developer Works.2002.08.47-53
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[35]ALE Technology.SAP AG.2000
[36]IDOC Interface Technology.SAP AG.2000
[37]Data Transfer.SAP AG.2001
[38]BAPI-Introduction and Overview.SAP AG.2002
[39]Remote Function Calls in ABAP.SAP AG.2002
[40]Thomas G.Schuessler.JCo Tutorial.ARAsoft GmbH.2002
[41]BAPI Programming.SAP AG.2002
[42]Business Connector.SAP AG.2003
[43]Web Dynpro for ABAP.SAP AG.2006
[2]Lawrence S.Kleiman.孙非等译.Human Resource Management:A Managerial Tool forCompetitive Advantage(Second Edition).人力资源管理:获取竞争优势的工具.北京.机械工业出版社,2003.01.23-45
[3]李宏杰.ERP的历史、现状及其发展方向.北京.技术经济.2000.09.60-62
[4]托马斯.H.达文波特著.宋学军译.ERP必备指南.北京.机械工业出版社.2002.07.12-17
[5]J.A.Hemandez著.鲍新桥译.SAP软件实施.北京.中国人民大学出版社.2003.04.19-22
[6]克里斯蒂安.克雷默,克里斯蒂安.吕本克等著.李小武译.SAP人力资源计划与开发.东方出版社.2006.06.34-38
[7]张友生.软件体系结构[M].清华大学出版社.2004
[8]Neal Ford.Art of Java Web Development[M].Manning Publications 2004
[9]Rod Johnson.Expert One-on-One J2EE Development without EJB[M].Wiley Publishing.2004
[10]Nicholas Kassem.Designing Enterprise Applications with the J2EETM Platform.SunMicrosystems,Inc.2000.7-17
[11]Eric Annstrongl.The J2EE 1.4 Tutorial.Sun Microsystems,Inc.2005.43-58
[12]Erich Gamma等著.李英军等译.设计模式.北京.机械工业出版.2000.2-145
[13]孙卫琴.精通Struts:基于MVC的Java Web设计与开发.北京.电子工业出版社.2004.21-27
[14]Maleolm Davis.Struts,MVC的一种开放源码实现.IBM Developer Works.2001.02.29-33
[15]ABAP Workbench:Foundations and Concepts.SAP AG.2001.56-297
[16]ABAP Programming Techniques.SAP AG.2001.37-159
[17]Developing User Dialogs.SAP AG.2001.30-221
[18]Programming in HR,SAPAG.2001.27-219
[19]Technical Topics in Human Resource.SAP AG.2001.143-171
[20]Configuration of Master Data.SAP AG.2001.57-82
[21]Hernandez,J.A,Elechiguerra,J.R.S.,Bueno,E.R.著.周旋等译.SAPR/3技术与实现.北京:机械工业 2001.03.114-189
[22]SAP R/3 Basis Techniques Handle book.SAP AG.1997.34-40
[23]杨杰,刘丹.基于工作流和B/S结构的OA系统设计.武汉理工大学学报.2005.02.2-6
[24]刘仲.WEB系统开发技术.长沙.国防科技大学出版社.2001.04.19-39
[25]龚永生.当前流行的J2EE Web应用框架分析.IBM Developer Works.2002.08.47-53
[26]Ted Hosted et al.Struts in Action.Building web applications with the leading Javaframework[M].Manning Publications.2003
[27]Bill Siggelkow.Jakarta Struts Cookbook[M].O'Reilly Press.2004
[28]Chuck Cavaness.Programming Jakarta Struts,tad Edition[M].OReilly Press.2004
[29]Sue Spielman.The Struts Framework Practical Guide for Java Programmers[M].MorganKaufmann Press.2003
[30]James Turner,Kevin Bedel.Struts Kick Star[M.]Sams Publishing.2002
[31]何成万,余秋惠.MVC模型2及软件框架Struts的研究.计算机工程.2002年.第28卷(第6 期):48-50
铩颷32]李赤林.Model-View-Controlle:设计模式实例研究.计算机与现代化.2003年.第3期.35-37
[33]邓贵仕,易峰,李文立.支持Multi-interface的MVC设计模式研究.计算机应用2002年.第22卷(第6期):31-34
[34]Business Integration Technology.SAP AG.2002
[35]ALE Technology.SAP AG.2000
[36]IDOC Interface Technology.SAP AG.2000
[37]Data Transfer.SAP AG.2001
[38]BAPI-Introduction and Overview.SAP AG.2002
[39]Remote Function Calls in ABAP.SAP AG.2002
[40]Thomas G.Schuessler.JCo Tutorial.ARAsoft GmbH.2002
[41]BAPI Programming.SAP AG.2002
[42]Business Connector.SAP AG.2003
[43]Web Dynpro for ABAP.SAP AG.2006
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