黑孢漆斑菌产漆酶的研究
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摘要
本文以漆斑菌胞外漆酶为对象,主要对漆斑菌之一——黑孢漆斑菌(Myrothecium melanosporum)产漆酶(Laccase, Lac)情况进行了系统的研究。
本文比较研究了热变性法和冰浴法终止酶活反应对黑孢漆斑菌漆酶活性测定的影响,其结果显示：采用热变性法作为终止方法是可行的,相对于冰浴法,具有可靠,可重复,简便快捷的特点。
对黑孢漆斑菌发酵产漆酶培养条件与培养基进行研究,以发酵液中黑孢漆斑菌胞外漆酶活性为衡量指标,通过正交试验,单因素分析,得出最佳培养条件为初始pH5.5,接种量7.5%,菌龄9天,摇床转速160r/min,装液量100ml,自然光照,28℃培养9天。优化培养条件下黑孢漆斑菌胞外漆酶活性是未优化条件下黑孢漆斑菌胞外漆酶活性的2.49倍。最佳培养基组成为2%葡萄糖,0.1%棉花,0.2%酒石酸铵,0.5%蛋白胨(浓度为质量百分比浓度)。优化培养基液体发酵液中黑孢漆斑菌漆酶活性是液体基础培养基的3.58倍,是优化培养条件下发酵培养的1.07倍。
Cu2+、Zn2+、Mn2+、Fe2+四种金属离子均不同程度地对黑孢漆斑菌发酵产漆酶有一定影响。在浓度较低时,四种金属离子对黑孢漆斑菌产漆酶都有缓慢的促进作用,但超过一定浓度,促进就会转变为抑制作用。四种离子中,铜离子的浓度变化对黑孢漆斑菌产漆酶的活性影响最大,其次是锰离子。锌离子和亚铁离子的影响力相对较小。
检测四种不同诱导剂在黑孢漆斑菌生长过程中产生的作用。香兰素、愈创木酚、阿魏酸和邻甲苯胺等四种诱导剂的具有诱导作用,但作用不明显。
将培养所得的漆酶进行电泳实验,对培养所得漆酶的酶学性质进行初步的系统研究。由PAGE电泳酶谱推断,液体发酵培养过程中,产生的漆酶为单一酶。
In this dissertation, systematic researchs were focused on the laccase by Myrothecium melanosporum.
Two different termination methods of Myrothecium melanosporum laccase determination were compared in this paper. The results revealed that it was feasible to terminate the enzyme reaction by heat. Compared heating with freezing, the former was more reliable, repeatable, simple and convenient.
The optimum culture medium and conditions in shaking flasks for laccase production by Myrothecium melanosporum were studied. To measure Myrothecium melanosporum laccase cativity in different culture medium and conditions through orthogonal experiment, the optimum conditions were:initial pH of medium is 5.5, 100mL medium in 250 ml-flask, inoculation 7.5%,mycelium age 9×24hr, nature light, 28℃. Myrothecium melanosporum laccase activity of submerged fermentation liguid improved remarkably in the optimum culture and conditions, with 2.49 times as non-optimized culture conditions. The optimum culture components were:Glucose 20g/L, cotton 0.1%, ammonium tartrate0.2%, peptone0.5%. After culture medium optimization, Myrothecium melanosporum laccase activity of submerged fermentation liquid is 3.58 times as basic liquid medium,1.07 times as optimum conditions.
The biosynthesis of Myrothecium melanosporum laccase was affected in various extents by four metallic ions of Cu2+, Zn2+, Mn2+, Fe2+. Four metallic ions reacted on low concentration. The effect of Cu2+ was the most in four, then Mn2+. The effect of Zn2+ and Fe2+ were less. Above some concentration, the effects of four ions were changed into inhibitory action.
Effect of four different metallic ions and inducers was detected in vegetation process of Myrothecium melanosporum.The induction of four inducers:vanillin, guaiacol, ferulic acid and O-tolidine were studied. The results indicated that, four inducer have some effect, but not obvious.
From the PAGE zymogram, it was inferred that Myrothecium melanosporum laccase is a single enzyme and there was no other isoenzyme expressed in the process of liguid fermentation.
本文比较研究了热变性法和冰浴法终止酶活反应对黑孢漆斑菌漆酶活性测定的影响,其结果显示：采用热变性法作为终止方法是可行的,相对于冰浴法,具有可靠,可重复,简便快捷的特点。
对黑孢漆斑菌发酵产漆酶培养条件与培养基进行研究,以发酵液中黑孢漆斑菌胞外漆酶活性为衡量指标,通过正交试验,单因素分析,得出最佳培养条件为初始pH5.5,接种量7.5%,菌龄9天,摇床转速160r/min,装液量100ml,自然光照,28℃培养9天。优化培养条件下黑孢漆斑菌胞外漆酶活性是未优化条件下黑孢漆斑菌胞外漆酶活性的2.49倍。最佳培养基组成为2%葡萄糖,0.1%棉花,0.2%酒石酸铵,0.5%蛋白胨(浓度为质量百分比浓度)。优化培养基液体发酵液中黑孢漆斑菌漆酶活性是液体基础培养基的3.58倍,是优化培养条件下发酵培养的1.07倍。
Cu2+、Zn2+、Mn2+、Fe2+四种金属离子均不同程度地对黑孢漆斑菌发酵产漆酶有一定影响。在浓度较低时,四种金属离子对黑孢漆斑菌产漆酶都有缓慢的促进作用,但超过一定浓度,促进就会转变为抑制作用。四种离子中,铜离子的浓度变化对黑孢漆斑菌产漆酶的活性影响最大,其次是锰离子。锌离子和亚铁离子的影响力相对较小。
检测四种不同诱导剂在黑孢漆斑菌生长过程中产生的作用。香兰素、愈创木酚、阿魏酸和邻甲苯胺等四种诱导剂的具有诱导作用,但作用不明显。
将培养所得的漆酶进行电泳实验,对培养所得漆酶的酶学性质进行初步的系统研究。由PAGE电泳酶谱推断,液体发酵培养过程中,产生的漆酶为单一酶。
In this dissertation, systematic researchs were focused on the laccase by Myrothecium melanosporum.
Two different termination methods of Myrothecium melanosporum laccase determination were compared in this paper. The results revealed that it was feasible to terminate the enzyme reaction by heat. Compared heating with freezing, the former was more reliable, repeatable, simple and convenient.
The optimum culture medium and conditions in shaking flasks for laccase production by Myrothecium melanosporum were studied. To measure Myrothecium melanosporum laccase cativity in different culture medium and conditions through orthogonal experiment, the optimum conditions were:initial pH of medium is 5.5, 100mL medium in 250 ml-flask, inoculation 7.5%,mycelium age 9×24hr, nature light, 28℃. Myrothecium melanosporum laccase activity of submerged fermentation liguid improved remarkably in the optimum culture and conditions, with 2.49 times as non-optimized culture conditions. The optimum culture components were:Glucose 20g/L, cotton 0.1%, ammonium tartrate0.2%, peptone0.5%. After culture medium optimization, Myrothecium melanosporum laccase activity of submerged fermentation liquid is 3.58 times as basic liquid medium,1.07 times as optimum conditions.
The biosynthesis of Myrothecium melanosporum laccase was affected in various extents by four metallic ions of Cu2+, Zn2+, Mn2+, Fe2+. Four metallic ions reacted on low concentration. The effect of Cu2+ was the most in four, then Mn2+. The effect of Zn2+ and Fe2+ were less. Above some concentration, the effects of four ions were changed into inhibitory action.
Effect of four different metallic ions and inducers was detected in vegetation process of Myrothecium melanosporum.The induction of four inducers:vanillin, guaiacol, ferulic acid and O-tolidine were studied. The results indicated that, four inducer have some effect, but not obvious.
From the PAGE zymogram, it was inferred that Myrothecium melanosporum laccase is a single enzyme and there was no other isoenzyme expressed in the process of liguid fermentation.
引文
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