应用传能光纤激光雕刻系统的结构设计
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摘要
在科学技术迅猛发展的今天，人们对各种产品的要求越来越高，从而促使产品的更新换代的速度也越来越快。在许多生产加工领域，激光作为一种特殊的能源和工具，能实现以往难以实现的目标。由于激光的高方向性，高单色性，高相干性等优点，使激光的应用得到了广泛的发展。
激光雕刻是利用高能量密度的激光束在物体表面制作永久性的图案。激光雕刻系统是集激光、光学、机械、电子和计算机等技术为一体的光电机一体化设备。
目前市场上的激光雕刻系统光路多采用机械导光臂，这就降低了激光的传输效率，而且由于结构复杂，限制了加工范围。针对这些问题，本文独立开发了一个应用传能光纤的激光雕刻系统。
首先本文设计了激光雕刻系统的硬件总体结构。应用机械设计理论和步进电机原理，对激光雕刻系统中的机械结构进行设计，并且阐述了激光器开关电源原理和传能光纤理论，设计了激光雕刻系统的光路部分。
其次本文对激光雕刻系统中所要应用的自动控制理论、数控机床技术、计算机接口技术进行了阐述，设计了激光雕刻系统的计算机控制部分。
最后本文对激光雕刻系统中矢量图形和点阵图像的处理方法进行了介绍，给出了一种应用编程语言VC++6.0开发系统软件的方法。
Today is day of the development of science and technology, people may have so many requirements that accelerate the refreshment of products. In many fields of manufacture and machining, and as a special power, laser can produce the products that people could not dreamed. Because of the special characters—excellent direction, exclusive monochromatic and intense correlation, laser is applied more and more.
Laser carving is a kind of technique of marking permanent sign on the object’s surface by using laser bean with high erergy density. The laser carving system is an integrated optic-mechanical-electric facility that integrates many techniques referring to laser, optics, mechanism, electricity, computer etc.
Now most laser carving system use mirror articulated optical waveguide as light-path system, for this reason, the transmission efficiency of laser are reduced, and because of the complexity, the carving range are limited. To resolve these problem, we develop a new laser carving system which used with transmitting energy fiber.
Firstly, the paper designed the whole structure of hardware for the laser carving system. Applied with the theory of mechanical design and stepping motor, we designed its mechanism structure. And we described the theory of laser switch power supply and transmitting energy fiber, designed the light-path section of the laser carving system.
Secondly, the paper interpretted automation theory, numerical control mechanical theory, computer interface theory and transmitting energy fiber theory which are involved in the laser carving system. And we designed the part of the auto control for the laser carving system.
Finally, the processing methods of vector figure and lattice image in the laser carving system are introduced in the paper. Giving the way to impolder software by using programme language VC++6.0.
激光雕刻是利用高能量密度的激光束在物体表面制作永久性的图案。激光雕刻系统是集激光、光学、机械、电子和计算机等技术为一体的光电机一体化设备。
目前市场上的激光雕刻系统光路多采用机械导光臂，这就降低了激光的传输效率，而且由于结构复杂，限制了加工范围。针对这些问题，本文独立开发了一个应用传能光纤的激光雕刻系统。
首先本文设计了激光雕刻系统的硬件总体结构。应用机械设计理论和步进电机原理，对激光雕刻系统中的机械结构进行设计，并且阐述了激光器开关电源原理和传能光纤理论，设计了激光雕刻系统的光路部分。
其次本文对激光雕刻系统中所要应用的自动控制理论、数控机床技术、计算机接口技术进行了阐述，设计了激光雕刻系统的计算机控制部分。
最后本文对激光雕刻系统中矢量图形和点阵图像的处理方法进行了介绍，给出了一种应用编程语言VC++6.0开发系统软件的方法。
Today is day of the development of science and technology, people may have so many requirements that accelerate the refreshment of products. In many fields of manufacture and machining, and as a special power, laser can produce the products that people could not dreamed. Because of the special characters—excellent direction, exclusive monochromatic and intense correlation, laser is applied more and more.
Laser carving is a kind of technique of marking permanent sign on the object’s surface by using laser bean with high erergy density. The laser carving system is an integrated optic-mechanical-electric facility that integrates many techniques referring to laser, optics, mechanism, electricity, computer etc.
Now most laser carving system use mirror articulated optical waveguide as light-path system, for this reason, the transmission efficiency of laser are reduced, and because of the complexity, the carving range are limited. To resolve these problem, we develop a new laser carving system which used with transmitting energy fiber.
Firstly, the paper designed the whole structure of hardware for the laser carving system. Applied with the theory of mechanical design and stepping motor, we designed its mechanism structure. And we described the theory of laser switch power supply and transmitting energy fiber, designed the light-path section of the laser carving system.
Secondly, the paper interpretted automation theory, numerical control mechanical theory, computer interface theory and transmitting energy fiber theory which are involved in the laser carving system. And we designed the part of the auto control for the laser carving system.
Finally, the processing methods of vector figure and lattice image in the laser carving system are introduced in the paper. Giving the way to impolder software by using programme language VC++6.0.
引文
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L.L.Neindre, K.L.Foulgoc, X.H.Zhang. IR Glass Optical Fibers for CO2 Laser Welding. SPIE, 1997,2977:2-13
S.Dekel, A.Inberg, N.Croitoru. Fiber Optic Thermal Imaging-System Based on Hollow Glass Wave-Guide or Silver-Hailde Fibers as Scanning Elements. Optical Engineering, 2000,39:941-946
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R.K.Nabling, R.L.Kozodoy, J.A.Harrington. Optical Properties of Clad and Unclad Sapphire Fiber. SPIE, 1994, 2131:56-61
G.N.Merberg, J.A.Harrington. Optical and Mechanical Properties of Single-Crystal Sapphire Optical Fibers. Applied Optics, 1995, 32:3201-3209
N.Groitoru, J.Dror, I.Gannot. Characterization of Hollow Fibers for the Transmission of Infrared Radiation. Applied Optics, 1990,29:1805-1809
R.K.Nubling, J.A.Harrington. Hollow-Waveguide Delivery Systems for High-Power Industrial Laser. Applied Optics, 1996,34(3):372-380
R.K.Nubling, J.A.Harrington. Optical Properties of Single-Crystal Sapphire Fibers. Applied Optics, 1997, 36:5934-5940
D.J.Gibson, J.A.Harrington. Transmission Properties of Hollow Glass Waveguides. SPIE, 1999, 3849:143-148
R.K.Nubling, J.A.Harrington. Single-Crystal Laser-Heated Pedestal-Growth Sapphire Fibers for Er:YAG Laser Power Delivery. Applied Optics ,1998, 37(21): 4777-4781
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Y.W.Shi, Z.Y.Pan, Y.Matsuura, M.Miyagi. New and Simple Method for Fabricating Polymer-Coated Silver Hollow Fibers with Large Mechanical Strength. Optics and Laser Technology, 2000, 32:273-275
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廖月明,王续跃,周锦送.激光加工综合技术的研究. 机械工程师,1998,03:4-5
苏宝蓉.我国的激光加工现状及发展前景.激光与红外,1996,26(3):175-177
王家淳.激光焊接技术的发展与展望.激光技术,2001,25(1):48-54
张育川.我国激光产业的十年.激光与红外,2000,30(3):136-140
S.G.Anderson. Review and forecast of the laser markets—Part I: Nondiode laser. Laser Focus Word, 2001,37(1):88-110
R.V.Steele. Review and forecast of the laser markets—Part II: Diode laser. Laser Focus Word, 2001,37(2):84-99
汤祖尧.试论我国的激光加工市场.激光与红外,1998,28(2):77-80
许庆仁.国外激光加工技术的发展和应用.国际航空,1998,3:59-70
张魁武.国外激光加工应用实例.激光与红外,1996,26(3):208-209
田兴志.激光加工现状及21世纪的展望.光机电信息,2003,02:1-4
陈竞艺.谈计算机总线.邢台师范高专学报,2002,17(2):55-56
徐景村.计算机内部总线的发展趋势讨论.山东师大学报,2002,17(1):90-92
赖晓风,张鹰,王朝斌.微型计算机总线技术分析.乐山是否学院学报,2001,4:44-49
赵聪,董小社,乔楠.计算机I/O总线结构的现状与发展趋势.计算机科学,2003, 30(3):157-159
邓海初.PCI总线.红外,2002,11:20-22
张国顺,张健,张泰石.PCI总线在数控激光加工系统中的应用.中国工程科学, 2002,4(6):25-28
涂时亮，张友德. 单片机控制技术.上海:复旦大学出版社, 1994:212-220
苏群,王司. 自动控制原理.北京:北京电子工业出版社,1997:6-26
涂时亮,张友德.单片机控制技术.上海:复旦大学出版社,1994:212-220
刘启中,蔡德福.现代数控技术及应用.北京:机械工业出版社,2000:1-130
文广,马宏伟. 数控技术的现状及发展趋势.机械工程师,2003,1:9-12
孙魁武,张驰,王子贵.计算机与数控技术(下册).武汉:华中工学院出版社, 1987:2-32
罗述洁.机械设计课程设计.贵阳:贵州科技出版社,1993:3-42
王鸿钰.步进电机控制技术入门.上海:同济大学出版社,1990:9-96
李忠杰,宁守信.步进电动机应用技术.北京:机械工业出版社,1988:148-167
成强,陈桦,张子谦.一种新型CO2激光电源的研究.河南科学,1997,15(3):326-329
彭晓原,李适民,邬鹤清.CO2气体激光器激励电源的发展现状及趋势.激光杂志, 1997,18(1):1-5
段军,赵霞.100kHz高频逆变式CO2激光电源的研制.红外与激光技术,1995, 24(2): 52-56
秦永左,韩永林,卢万欣.单片机控制的开关式CO2激光器电源.激光杂质, 2002,23(4):68-69
N.S. Kapany, and R.J. Simms. Recent Developments of Infrared Fiber Optics. Infrared Physics, 1965,5(1):69-75
K.Kincade. Erbium Lasers vie for Spot in Medicine Mainstream. Laser Focus World. 1996, 8:73-82
K.Vogler, M.Reindl. Improved Erbium Laser Parameters. Biophotonics International. 1996,12(11):40-47
B.Vedilin. The Erbium Laser’s Bright Future in Medicine. Biophotonics International. 1995, 7(18):42-46
Y.Shi, Wang You, Y.Abe. Fabrication of Cyclic Olefin Polymer COP-Coated Silver Hollow Glass Waveguides for the Infrared. SPIE, 1998, 3262:96-101
N.Crotoru, J.Dror, I.Gannot. Character of Hollow Fibers for the Transmission of Infrared Radiation. Applied, Optics, 1990, 29(12):1805-1809
J.Dai, J.A.Harrington. High-Peak-Power, Pulsed CO2 Laser Light Delivery by Hollow Glass Waveguides. Applied, Optics, 1997, 36(21): 5072-5077
L.L.Neindre, K.L.Foulgoc, X.H.Zhang. IR Glass Optical Fibers for CO2 Laser Welding. SPIE, 1997,2977:2-13
S.Dekel, A.Inberg, N.Croitoru. Fiber Optic Thermal Imaging-System Based on Hollow Glass Wave-Guide or Silver-Hailde Fibers as Scanning Elements. Optical Engineering, 2000,39:941-946
候峙云,周桂耀,候蓝田.双层发射膜空芯传能光纤.中国激光,2002,29(5):433-435
H.E.LaBell. EFG the Invention and Application to Sapphire Growth. J.Crystal Growth, 1980,50:8-17
D.H.Jundt, M.M.Fejer, R.L.Byer. Characterization of Single-Crystal Sapphire Fibers for Optical Power Delivery System. Applied. Phys. Letters, 1989, 55:2170-2172
R.S.F Chang, S.Sengupta, G.J.Dixon. Growth of Small Laster Crystals for Study of Energy Kinetics and Spectroscopy. SPIE, 1989, 1104:224-250
S.J.Saggese, J.A.Harrington, G.H.J.Sigel. Hollow and Dielectric Waveguides for Infrared Spectroscopic Applications. SPIE, 1991, 1437:44-53
R.S.F.Chang, V.Phomsakha, N.Djeu. Recent Advances in Sapphire Fibers. SPIE, 1995, 2396:48-53
G.M.Clarke, D.Chadwick, R.K.Nubling. Sapphire Fibers for Three Micron Delivery of Er:YAG Laser Energy. SPIE, 1995,2396:60-70
A.P.Pryshlak, J.R.Pugan, J.J.Fitzgibbon. Advancements in Sapphire Optical Fibers for the Delivery of Er:YAG Laser Enery and IR Sensor Applications. SPIE, 1996, 2677:3-42
R.K.Nabling, R.L.Kozodoy, J.A.Harrington. Optical Properties of Clad and Unclad Sapphire Fiber. SPIE, 1994, 2131:56-61
G.N.Merberg, J.A.Harrington. Optical and Mechanical Properties of Single-Crystal Sapphire Optical Fibers. Applied Optics, 1995, 32:3201-3209
N.Groitoru, J.Dror, I.Gannot. Characterization of Hollow Fibers for the Transmission of Infrared Radiation. Applied Optics, 1990,29:1805-1809
R.K.Nubling, J.A.Harrington. Hollow-Waveguide Delivery Systems for High-Power Industrial Laser. Applied Optics, 1996,34(3):372-380
R.K.Nubling, J.A.Harrington. Optical Properties of Single-Crystal Sapphire Fibers. Applied Optics, 1997, 36:5934-5940
D.J.Gibson, J.A.Harrington. Transmission Properties of Hollow Glass Waveguides. SPIE, 1999, 3849:143-148
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