北京森林碳储量研究
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摘要
全球气候变化研究的核心问题之一是全球碳循环,而森林碳循环是全球碳循环的重要组成部分,起着控制和调节作用。估计区域森林有机碳库一直是森林生态系统碳循环研究的热点问题。
本文以北京延庆县9个主要森林类型为研究对象,研究不同林分生物量的估算,测定林分乔木层主要建群种各组分及灌木层等含碳率,估算区域森林生态系统碳储量,分析研究地区森林有机碳库的动态。主要研究成果如下:
(1)北京延庆县9个主要森林建群种含碳率分别为:油松0.5308、落叶松0.5210、侧柏0.5104、山杨0.4824、蒙古栎0.4801、胡桃楸0.4514、刺槐0.4640、白桦0.5031。杂木林0.4824。针叶树种平均含碳率0.5207高于阔叶树种含碳率0.4772,灌木平均含碳率0.4777。
(2)延庆县9类森林林分乔木层的储碳密度(t hm~(-2))分别为:油松林69.5224、落叶松林30.2855、侧柏林49.9849、山杨林34.4055、蒙古栎林43.9550、胡桃楸林57.6091、刺槐林43.8971、白桦林53.6560、杂木林55.1286,。9类林分乔木层的碳储量(Tg)分别为:侧柏林0.1051、刺槐林0.0729、落叶松林0.05650、蒙古栎林1.1458、胡桃楸0.0019、山杨林0.0931、油松林0.5240、白桦林0.2460、杂木林0.3807。延庆县林分乔木层平均储碳密度49.0774 t/hm~(-2),储碳总量2.6073Tg;林下灌木层平均储碳密度5.8526 t hm~(-2)、总碳储量0.0121Tg。
(3)延庆县9类林分各组分生物量(W)与林分平均胸径、平均树高和林分密度((?)~2(?)ρ)之间,以及林分各组分生物量(W)与林分活立木蓄积(V)之间存在极显著的线性相关关系。基于北京延庆县3756个样地数据,建立在林分水平上的生物量-蓄积量线性估计模型可直接应用到区域尺度。
(4)根据1990年—2005年四期二类清查资料,估计北京地区森林总碳储量(10~(-2)TC)为:1990年587.022、1995年617.548、2000年790.622、2005年878.596。北京森林碳储量每5年平均增长率为10.61%,生物量的平均增长率为10.79,总体上发挥碳汇的功能。
The carbon cycle of forest ecosystems has some functions of control and adjustment to the global climate changes,is an important part of the global carbon cycle which is one of the core issues of the global climate changes researches.The estimation of forest organic carbon pool has been hotspot questions of the researches on forest ecosystems.
The present study is primarily focused on nine major forest types in Yanqing County,Beijing, China.In this paper,biomass of different stands was estimated,carbon storage of the dominant species of the tree layer and the shrub layer was measured,and carbon storage of the forest ecosystem in the local area was calculated.In addition,the dynamics of carbon pool of the local forest ecosystem was analyzed.The results were mainly concluded as follows:
By using the wet combustion method,foundation of tree layer biomass model with compatibility, organic carbon ratio measures of tree layer,shrub layer,and the evaluations of the density and size of regional forest ecosystem carbon storage were studied among nine forest stands of Mountains in Beijing(Yanqing County):Pinus tabulaeformis,Larix principis-rupprechtii,Platycladus orientalis, Populus davidiana,Quercus liaotungensis,Juglans mandshurica,Robinia pseudoacacia,Betula platyphyll,Broadleaf mixed forests,Shrub and so on.
Firstly,the carbon content of nine dominant forest species in Yanqing Mountain,Beijing by using the wet combustion method,and the mean tissues' carbon contents of these species were 0.5308,0.5210, 0.5104,0.4824,0.4801,0.4514,0.4640,0.5031,0.4824,0.4777 respectively for nine stands and one shrub above.The mean carbon content of the conifer species(0.5207) was higher than broadleaf species (0.4772),and the carbon content of conifer stands was also higher than that of broadleaf stands.
Secondly,the density of carbon storage of nine main forests in Yanqing Mountain were 69.5224、30.2855、49.9849、34.4055、43.9550、57.6091、43.8971、53.6560、55.1286 t·hm-2 in sequence,in addition,the carbon storage of nine dominant forest species was0.1051、0.0729、0.05650、1.1458、0.0019、0.0931、0.5240、0.2460、0.3807 Tg respectively.The density of mean carbon storage of tree layer of nine stand in Yanqing County was 49.0774 t·hm-2,total carbon storage of of tree layer of nine stand in Yanqing County was 2.6073Tg,that of shrub layer was 5.8526 t·hm-2 and 0.0121 Tg.
Thirdly,based on the data of national forest survey of 3756 quadrats from Yanqing County,the result showed that there was a prominent linear relationship between the tree biomass(W) and the mean DBH(DBH),the mean height of trees(H) and the density of trees(D),tree biomass(W) and the wood volume(V).It was proved theoretically that the forest biomass linear estimation model could be applied on the regional scale directly.
Fourthly,according to the data of the fourth-times sub-forest management inventory form 1990 to 2005,the carbon storage was estimated as 587.022 10-2 TC in 1990,617.548 10-2 TC in 1995,790.622 10-2 TC in 2000 and 878.596 10-2 TC in 2005.The average growth rate of carbon storage was 10.61% per 5 years,and 10.79%per 5 year for biomass.It played the role of the carbon sink well.
本文以北京延庆县9个主要森林类型为研究对象,研究不同林分生物量的估算,测定林分乔木层主要建群种各组分及灌木层等含碳率,估算区域森林生态系统碳储量,分析研究地区森林有机碳库的动态。主要研究成果如下:
(1)北京延庆县9个主要森林建群种含碳率分别为:油松0.5308、落叶松0.5210、侧柏0.5104、山杨0.4824、蒙古栎0.4801、胡桃楸0.4514、刺槐0.4640、白桦0.5031。杂木林0.4824。针叶树种平均含碳率0.5207高于阔叶树种含碳率0.4772,灌木平均含碳率0.4777。
(2)延庆县9类森林林分乔木层的储碳密度(t hm~(-2))分别为:油松林69.5224、落叶松林30.2855、侧柏林49.9849、山杨林34.4055、蒙古栎林43.9550、胡桃楸林57.6091、刺槐林43.8971、白桦林53.6560、杂木林55.1286,。9类林分乔木层的碳储量(Tg)分别为:侧柏林0.1051、刺槐林0.0729、落叶松林0.05650、蒙古栎林1.1458、胡桃楸0.0019、山杨林0.0931、油松林0.5240、白桦林0.2460、杂木林0.3807。延庆县林分乔木层平均储碳密度49.0774 t/hm~(-2),储碳总量2.6073Tg;林下灌木层平均储碳密度5.8526 t hm~(-2)、总碳储量0.0121Tg。
(3)延庆县9类林分各组分生物量(W)与林分平均胸径、平均树高和林分密度((?)~2(?)ρ)之间,以及林分各组分生物量(W)与林分活立木蓄积(V)之间存在极显著的线性相关关系。基于北京延庆县3756个样地数据,建立在林分水平上的生物量-蓄积量线性估计模型可直接应用到区域尺度。
(4)根据1990年—2005年四期二类清查资料,估计北京地区森林总碳储量(10~(-2)TC)为:1990年587.022、1995年617.548、2000年790.622、2005年878.596。北京森林碳储量每5年平均增长率为10.61%,生物量的平均增长率为10.79,总体上发挥碳汇的功能。
The carbon cycle of forest ecosystems has some functions of control and adjustment to the global climate changes,is an important part of the global carbon cycle which is one of the core issues of the global climate changes researches.The estimation of forest organic carbon pool has been hotspot questions of the researches on forest ecosystems.
The present study is primarily focused on nine major forest types in Yanqing County,Beijing, China.In this paper,biomass of different stands was estimated,carbon storage of the dominant species of the tree layer and the shrub layer was measured,and carbon storage of the forest ecosystem in the local area was calculated.In addition,the dynamics of carbon pool of the local forest ecosystem was analyzed.The results were mainly concluded as follows:
By using the wet combustion method,foundation of tree layer biomass model with compatibility, organic carbon ratio measures of tree layer,shrub layer,and the evaluations of the density and size of regional forest ecosystem carbon storage were studied among nine forest stands of Mountains in Beijing(Yanqing County):Pinus tabulaeformis,Larix principis-rupprechtii,Platycladus orientalis, Populus davidiana,Quercus liaotungensis,Juglans mandshurica,Robinia pseudoacacia,Betula platyphyll,Broadleaf mixed forests,Shrub and so on.
Firstly,the carbon content of nine dominant forest species in Yanqing Mountain,Beijing by using the wet combustion method,and the mean tissues' carbon contents of these species were 0.5308,0.5210, 0.5104,0.4824,0.4801,0.4514,0.4640,0.5031,0.4824,0.4777 respectively for nine stands and one shrub above.The mean carbon content of the conifer species(0.5207) was higher than broadleaf species (0.4772),and the carbon content of conifer stands was also higher than that of broadleaf stands.
Secondly,the density of carbon storage of nine main forests in Yanqing Mountain were 69.5224、30.2855、49.9849、34.4055、43.9550、57.6091、43.8971、53.6560、55.1286 t·hm-2 in sequence,in addition,the carbon storage of nine dominant forest species was0.1051、0.0729、0.05650、1.1458、0.0019、0.0931、0.5240、0.2460、0.3807 Tg respectively.The density of mean carbon storage of tree layer of nine stand in Yanqing County was 49.0774 t·hm-2,total carbon storage of of tree layer of nine stand in Yanqing County was 2.6073Tg,that of shrub layer was 5.8526 t·hm-2 and 0.0121 Tg.
Thirdly,based on the data of national forest survey of 3756 quadrats from Yanqing County,the result showed that there was a prominent linear relationship between the tree biomass(W) and the mean DBH(DBH),the mean height of trees(H) and the density of trees(D),tree biomass(W) and the wood volume(V).It was proved theoretically that the forest biomass linear estimation model could be applied on the regional scale directly.
Fourthly,according to the data of the fourth-times sub-forest management inventory form 1990 to 2005,the carbon storage was estimated as 587.022 10-2 TC in 1990,617.548 10-2 TC in 1995,790.622 10-2 TC in 2000 and 878.596 10-2 TC in 2005.The average growth rate of carbon storage was 10.61% per 5 years,and 10.79%per 5 year for biomass.It played the role of the carbon sink well.
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