用户名: 密码: 验证码:
资源枯竭型城市社会成本研究——以吉林省辽源市为例
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
资源枯竭型城市作为一种独特的地域类型,一直受到地理学者的普遍关注。在实现可持续发展的道路上,她不仅面临着经济危机,更面临着严重的生态与社会危机。我国资源型城市数量众多,随着资源的枯竭将产生大量的资源枯竭型城市,这使得我国资源枯竭型城市的研究显的尤为紧迫。
    资源枯竭型城市存在着突出的社会问题。大量的失业人口、下岗职工、贫困群体等社会问题不仅阻碍了经济建设,也对生态环境建设造成了较大的影响。
    本文即以资源枯竭型城市的社会问题为研究对象,借鉴并运用经济学、经济地理学、社会学相关的理论与研究方法,对资源枯竭型城市社会问题解决所需的成本进行核算,以期为资源枯竭型城市的社会建设、可持续发展提供建设性的意见。论文主要由四部分构成:
    首先,本文对资源枯竭型城市的相关研究成果进行归纳和总结。在初步探讨资源枯竭型城市的定义后,对我国现有的资源枯竭型城市的数量与地域分布特征作以分析。然后,归纳前人对资源枯竭型城市经济、生态、社会问题等研究,并指出社会问题研究的相对不足与紧迫现状。
    第二部分,本文提出“社会成本”定义,并指出“成本”核算的必要性。进而在借鉴社会学、可持续发展理论、经济学等理论与方法的基础上,构建“社会成本核算体系”。在可持续发展的目标下,以结构性社会问题为对象的社会成本核算体系主要包括三个部分:就业与贫困成本、人力资本和制度节约成本。
    第三部分是典型案例分析。坐落于吉林省中南部的辽源市是一座典型的资源枯竭型城市。本文在实地调查所得资料的基础上,对辽源市社会问题及其形成原因进行深入分析,并以第二部分的理论模型为基础,对辽源市社会成本进行核算。
    
    文章结尾对资源枯竭型城市社会问题的解决提出几点建设性的意见和措施。
As a special region, the mine-exhausted town has been studied by geographers for long time. On the way to substantial development, this kind of town is not only facing economic crisis but also serious ecological and social problems. In China, there are lots of mine-towns, which will probably grow into mine-exhausted towns when resources are dried up. Consequently, the study on mine-exhausted towns is very important and urgent.
    Social problems are extremely outstanding in mine-exhausted towns, such as unemployment, poverty. These problems retard economic development and do harm to ecological environment.
     The subject of this paper is the social problems in mine-exhausted towns. By utilizing some theories and methods in economics and social science, the author reckoned the cost to solve those social problems in mine-exhausted town. We can use the results of cost to bring forward much more instructive advices for mine-exhausted towns’ substantial development. As a whole, this paper is composed of four sections.
    In the first section, the paper sums up and concludes the production about mine-exhausted towns. After defining the “mine-exhausted towns”, the paper analyzed the amount and spatial distribution of mine-exhausted towns in China. On the base of summarizing the productions about economic, ecological and social questions in mine-exhausted towns, the author pointed out that there are still great of deficiency in study on social problems of mine-exhausted towns.
     The second part of the paper brought forward the concept of
    
    
    “social cost” and gave the reason why it was necessary to calculate the cost. Then by using theories and methods of social science, substantial development and economics for reference, the author managed to establish mathematic-model system of social cost. The aim of the model was to realize substantial development, and the main content was about structural social problems. The social cost model system included three parts: the cost of employment and penury, the cost of human capital and the saving cost by improving institution.
     In the third part, the paper applies the model into Liaoyuan City, which is a representative mine-exhausted town presenting many social problems. By using first-hand data, the paper analyzed the social problems in Liaoyuan and explained the reasons generally and deeply. At last, the author reckoned the social cost of Liaoyuan by applying the social-cost model system.
    At the end, the paper gives some exercisable advises and measures on how to solve these social problems in mine-exhausted towns.
引文
1.关晓吉.浅谈资源枯竭型城市可持续发展的对策.矿业快报,2002.12:1~4
    2.李维忠、张建军.要高度重视资源枯竭型城市劳动力转移问题.辽宁工程技术大学学报(社会科学版),2001.3:16~18
    3.姜云、吴立新.论煤炭城市可持续发展的制约因素及策略.中国矿业,2002.2:43~46
    4.刘云刚.中国资源型城市的发展机制及其调控对策研究.东北师范大学博士论文,2002
    5.沈镭,程静.矿业城市可持续发展的机理初探,资源科学,1999.1:44~50
    6.徐建中,赵红.资源型城市可持续发展产业结构面临的问题及对策.技术经济与管理研究,2001.3:63~66
    7.张秀生,陈先勇.中国资源型城市可持续发展现状及对策分析.华中师范大学学报(人文社会科学版),2002.3:117~120
    8.臧淑英.资源型城市持续发展对策探讨——以鸡西市为例.资源科学,1999.1:51~56
    9.赵秀峰.论资源型城市的产业延伸与扩展.世界有色金属,2001.4:42~45
    10.郑伯红.资源型城市核心竞争力的演变与调控——以冷水江市为例.人文地理,2003.1:15~19
    11.焦华富.试论我国资源型城市的可持续发展.安徽师范大学学报(人文社会科学版),2001.2:131~134
    12.王东..资源型城市可持续发展研究.大连理工大学硕士论文,2002
    13.科斯著,程启智等译.社会成本问题注释(一)、(二).经济译文,1992.4
    14.李培林,张翼.国有企业社会成本分析.社会科学文献出版
    
    
    社,2000.1:10~12
    15.中国科学院可持续发展研究组.2002中国可持续发展战略报告.科学出版社,2002.3
    16.《社会学概论》编写组.《社会学概论》.天津人民出版社,1984:308
    17.青连斌.社会问题的界定和成因.中共中央党校学报,2002.8:97~102
    18.黄忠晶.社会问题刍议.安徽大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2002.7:82~84
    19.朱力.大转型——中国社会问题透视.宁夏人民出版社,1997.10:
    20.中国科学院可持续发展研究组.2001中国可持续发展战略报告.科学出版社,2001.3:74~83
    21.王霏.国企职工下岗与再就业.地质技术经济管理,2001.4:39~42
    22.郭永中.当前我国失业人口问题的现状、成因分析与对策.教学与研究,2002.2:52~58
    23.李培林,张翼.国有企业社会成本分析.社会科学文献出版社.2000.1
    24.李培林,张翼.国有企业社会成本分析——对中国10个大城市508家企业的调查.中国社会科学,1999.5:41~56
    25.韩杰.论国有企业的破产社会成本及补偿.经济改革与发展,1997.6:65~69
    26.刘玉亭等.国外城市贫困问题研究.现代城市研究,2003.1:78~85
    27.况爱萍.城镇居民贫困问题及对策.衡阳师范学院学报(社会科学),2001.8:39~41
    28.兰玉杰,陈晓剑.人力资本的概念界定及其性质研究.科学学与科学技术管理,2003.4;80~82
    29.姚先国.关于人力资本的几个基本问题.浙江树人大学学报,
    
    
    2003.1;19~21
    30.路菊芬,董学君.人力资本理论及相关问题的思考.云南民族学院学报(哲学社会科学版)2003.1;84~86
    31.詹春燕.人力资本理论评述及其借鉴意义分析.经济师,2003.5;33~34
    32.杨建龙.试析《社会成本问题》与“科斯定理”.西北大学学报(哲学社会科学版) ,1997.3:109~114
    33.袁峰.政府经济政策运行的社会成本分析.理论探讨,1998.1:84~86
    34.刘星.论第三部门与公共权力的关系.江海学刊,2003.3:112~116
    35.夏义坤. 论第三部门与我国政府行政关系. 湖北行政学院学报,2002.2:81~86
    36.杨锋华,张志刚. 构建政府权力运作方式的新模式——论第三部门的发展及其在政府改革中的实践价值. 行政论坛,2002.3:3~5
    37.刘静仑.“第三部门”的作用.经济论坛,2002.19
    38.刘志铭.政府与市场之外:第三部门的发展与政府微观经济干预的制度边界.人文杂志2003.3:61~66
    39.《2001辽源统计年鉴》.辽源市统计局编,2002.5
    40.《2002燎原统计年鉴——数据精要篇》.辽源市统计局编,2003.5
    41.辽源市就业服务局2002年度工作总结.2003
    42.关于加快辽源城市化进程情况的汇报.2002.5
    43.《辽源市2003~2010年规划项目说明》辽源市发展计划委员会2003.5
    44.《辽源建设统计年报》辽源市城市公共事业管理局2003.7
    45.Mash B.Continty and Decline in the Anthracite Towns of Pennsylvania.Annals of the Associtiation of American Geographers,1987,77(3):337~352
    
    46.Bradbury J H.The impact of industrial cycles in the mining secter.International Journal of Urban and Regional Research.1984,8(3):311~331
    47.Ekins P and Max-Neef M..Real-life economics.Understanding ealth creation(London: Routledge).1992[16]UNCED.United Nations Council for Economic Development.Erath Summit’92 (London:The Regency Press ),1992
    48.Parker P.The cost of remot locations: Gueensland coal towns.Resource communities:settlement and workforces issues,CSICO,Australia,1988:19~28
    49.Randall.J.E,Ironside.R.G.Communities on the edge : an economic geography resource dependent communities in Canada[J].The Canadian Geographer,1996,40(1):17~35

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700